Dear Colleagues,

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown origin, involving many organs. One of the pathogenic concepts is an aberrant immune response to an unknown inducer, possibly of bacterial origin.

The most frequent localisation of the disease is the lymphatic system of the lungs. Although in the majority of patients, the spontaneous regression of lung disease is observed; occasionally, lung fibrosis develops. The debate concerning the predictors of such an unfavourable course is still ongoing.

The most dramatic clinical scenario concern cardiac sarcoidosis, which may cause sudden cardiac death due to rhythm and/or conduction disturbances. The diagnostic algorithm of cardiac sarcoidosis is evolving, with MRI, PET-CT and PET-MRI imaging applied.

The other life-threatening complication of sarcoidosis is hypercalcaemia combined with acute renal insufficiency. The growing frequency of such a complication is caused by the increased use of vitamin D and calcium as dietary supplements.

The ERS sarcoidosis guidelines issued in 2021, recommend prompt treatment with corticosteroids in the case of life-threatening complications such as cardiac sarcoidosis or neurosarcoidosis. Another indication of life-saving therapy, not covered by ERS guidelines, is sarcoidosis-related hypercalcaemia. The rationale for prompt therapy in the remaining patients is less clear.

Having this in mind we invite the Authors to contribute with research articles, reviews of the literature, imaging studies and case presentations to the present Special Issue entitled: “Diagnosis and Management of Sarcoidosis—a Multifaced Disease.”

The present Special Issue will concern most actual problems:

1. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis;
2. Pericardial effusion in the course of sarcoidosis—management and treatment;
3. Mechanisms of hypercalcemia in sarcoidosis and their prevention;
4. Role of bacterial antigens in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis;
5. Predictors of lung fibrosis in sarcoidosis;
6. Links between sarcoidosis and neoplastic disease;
7. Sarcoidosis is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism.

We hope that the published data will contribute to scientific discussion concerning diagnosis and treatment of this multifaced disease.

Prof. Dr. Monika Szturmowicz
Prof. Dr. Witold Z. Tomkowski
Guest Editors

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• sarcoidosis
• interstitial lung disease
• lung fibrosis
• diagnosis
• imaging
• cardiac sarcoidosis
• nuclear magnetic resonance
• PET CT
• pulmonary embolism
• pulmonary hypertension
• neurosarcoidosis
• vision disturbances
• bone sarcoidosis
• hypercalcaemia
• renal insufficiency
• vitamin D metabolism
• pathogenesis
• IGRA
• treatment