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Diagnostics
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2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site
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2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2022) | Viewed by 11885

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ugo Carraro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Interests: genetic and acquired skeletal muscle disorders; functional tests; skeletal muscle imaging; biomarkers; targeted management and follow-up, functional electrical stimulation of denervated muscles; home full-body in-bed gym
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The 2022 Padua Days of Muscle and Mobility Medicine On-Site (2022 PDM3 On-Site), to be held on 30 March–3 April 2022, is a gathering of scientists and practitioners from around the globe to share the state of the art in the development of rapid diagnostics in support of sustainable health in human and animal muscle and neuromuscular disorders. The event covers 40 hours of on-site programming while allowing everyone across borders to join freely for the ZOOM circulation of events from the Aula Magna of the University of Padua, Italy and the Conference Halls of the Hotel Petrarca of the Thermae of Euganean Hills, Padua, Italy.

There will be 15 Sessions during the 2022 PDM3 On-Site:

  1. SESSION I: Molecular mechanisms regulating muscle mass;
  2. SESSION II: Muscle metabolism, mitochondria;
  3. Session III: Muscle diseases;
  4. Session IV: Trainee data blitz session;
  5. SESSION V: The curse of inactivity;
  6. SESSION VI: Subclinical denervation in aging skeletal muscle;
  7. SESSION VII: Master athletes as a model for healthy aging;
  8. Session VIII-: Basic and clinical muscle imaging
  9. SESSION IX: Artificial intelligence for myopathology diagnosis and management;
  10. SESSION X: Climate changes and heat strokes: the next emergency? The role of muscle;
  11. SESSION XI: Active aging and early rehabilitation management;
  12. SESSION XII: Basics of neuromechanics and motor control;
  13. SESSION XIII: Muscle stimulation in rehabilitation;
  14. SESSION XIV: Myo-rehabilitation in dentistry and beyond;
  15. SESSION XV: Translational rehabilitation.

To participate, please register at the website: https://pagepressjournals.org/index.php/bam/announcement

Prof. Dr. Ugo Carraro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 885 KiB  
Article
Physical Activity Effects on Muscle Fatigue in Sport in Active Adults with Long COVID-19: An Observational Study
by Francesco Coscia, Rosa Mancinelli, Paola Virginia Gigliotti, Franco Checcaglini and Giorgio Fanò-Illic
Diagnostics 2023, 13(7), 1336; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071336 - 03 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2662
Abstract
Long COVID-19-related changes in physiology includes alterations in performing muscle work as fatigue. Data available do not allow us to define the usefulness of physical activity to attenuate long COVID-19 functional modifications. The present observational study investigates the effects of physical activity on [...] Read more.
Long COVID-19-related changes in physiology includes alterations in performing muscle work as fatigue. Data available do not allow us to define the usefulness of physical activity to attenuate long COVID-19 functional modifications. The present observational study investigates the effects of physical activity on the perception of fatigue, maximum power output, sleep, and cognitive modifications in subjects affected by long COVID-19, distinguishing between active and sedentary subjects. The data demonstrated the following: the perception of fatigue 1 year after the end of virus positivity was significantly reduced with respect to that observed after 6 months by more than 50% more in active subjects compared to sedentary ones; 6 months after the end of virus positivity, the force developed by active subjects was reduced (RM factor: p < 0.001, η2p = 0.527, post hoc: p < 0.001), but the reduction was more pronounced in sedentary ones (mean difference = 38.499 W); poor sleep quality and mild cognitive impairment were assessed in both active and sedentary subjects. In conclusion, the study suggests that the long COVID-19 fatigue was lower in active subjects respect to sedentary ones. A comparative analysis performed due to the overlap of functional alterations between long COVID-19 and ME/CFS showed that in a small percentage of the enrolled subjects (8%), the symptomatology reflected that of ME/CFS and was independent of the individual physical capacities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site)
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18 pages, 1589 KiB  
Article
Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review
by Marie Alberty, Winfried Mayr and Ines Bersch
Diagnostics 2023, 13(2), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13020219 - 06 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1658
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) where the lower motor neuron is compromised leads to atrophy and degenerative changes in the respective muscle. This type of lesion becomes especially critical when the gluteal muscles and/or the hamstrings are affected as they usually offer a cushioning [...] Read more.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) where the lower motor neuron is compromised leads to atrophy and degenerative changes in the respective muscle. This type of lesion becomes especially critical when the gluteal muscles and/or the hamstrings are affected as they usually offer a cushioning effect to protect from skin injuries. Previous research conducted over the past 30 years has made advancements in the development of parameters for the optimal application of long pulse stimulation with the aim to restore muscle structure and trophic aspects in people with chronic SCI (<20 years post-injury). This work provides an overview of previous achievements in the field through a narrative literature review before presenting preliminary results in the form of a case series from an ongoing study investigating the acute effects of six months of long pulse stimulation on the tissue composition of the gluteal muscles in five people with chronic SCI (>20 years post-injury). Participants underwent a 33-min home-based long pulse stimulation program five times a week, and their muscle and adipose tissue thicknesses were assessed at baseline, after three and six months, respectively, using magnetic resonance imaging. The results show that the largest increase in muscle thickness occurred at the level of the height of the acetabulum (+44.37%; χ2(2) = 0.5; p = 0.779), whereas the most important decrease in adipose tissue occurred at the level of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) reference (−11.43%; χ2(2) = 1.6; p = 0.449) within only six months of regular stimulation despite the preceding long denervation period. The underlying mechanism and physiology of muscular resuscitation from myofibrillar debris as presented in chronic denervation to functional contractile entities remain to be investigated further. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site)
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13 pages, 3325 KiB  
Article
Specification of Neck Muscle Dysfunction through Digital Image Analysis Using Machine Learning
by Filip Paskali, Jonathan Simantzik, Angela Dieterich and Matthias Kohl
Diagnostics 2023, 13(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13010007 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1385
Abstract
Everyone has or will have experienced some degree of neck pain. Typically, neck pain is associated with the sensation of tense, tight, or stiff neck muscles. However, it is unclear whether the neck muscles are objectively stiffer with neck pain. This study used [...] Read more.
Everyone has or will have experienced some degree of neck pain. Typically, neck pain is associated with the sensation of tense, tight, or stiff neck muscles. However, it is unclear whether the neck muscles are objectively stiffer with neck pain. This study used 1099 ultrasound elastography images (elastograms) obtained from 38 adult women, 20 with chronic neck pain and 18 asymptomatic. For training machine learning algorithms, 28 numerical characteristics were extracted from both the original and transformed shear wave velocity color-coded images as well as from respective image segments. Overall, a total number of 323 distinct features were generated from the data. A supervised binary classification was performed, using six machine-learning algorithms. The random forest algorithm produced the most accurate model to distinguish the elastograms of women with chronic neck pain from asymptomatic women with an AUC of 0.898. When evaluating features that can be used as biomarkers for muscle dysfunction in neck pain, the region of the deepest neck muscles (M. multifidus) provided the most features to support the correct classification of elastograms. By constructing summary images and associated Hotelling’s T2 maps, we enabled the visualization of group differences and their statistical confirmation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site)
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12 pages, 1033 KiB  
Article
Neuromuscular Stability of Dental Occlusion in Patients Treated with Aligners and Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: A Preliminary Electromyographical Longitudinal Case-Control Study
by Claudia Paola Bruna Dellavia, Giacomo Begnoni, Cristiana Zerosi, Guia Guenza, Natalie Khomchyna, Riccardo Rosati, Federica Musto and Gaia Pellegrini
Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2131; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092131 - 01 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2156
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate if, after treatment with aligners (ALIGN) and fixed orthodontic appliance (FOA), alterations of the neuromuscular activity may occur and if differences in these changes can be detected between the two treatments. Sixteen healthy patients [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate if, after treatment with aligners (ALIGN) and fixed orthodontic appliance (FOA), alterations of the neuromuscular activity may occur and if differences in these changes can be detected between the two treatments. Sixteen healthy patients (7 FOA, 9 ALIGN) with class I or class II molar relation were recruited. Standardized surface electromyography (ssEMG) was used to evaluate the activity of the masticatory muscles (masseters-MM and temporalis-TM) before the beginning of the orthodontic treatment (T1), at the end (T2), and 3 months (T3) after the end of the treatment. Intragroup (within timepoints) and intergroup differences were statistically analyzed. At T1, the mean values of each ssEMG index were within the normal range in both groups. At T2, the FOA group showed larger differential recruitment of the MM than TA muscles with a value slightly over the normal range. All the indexes were normalized at T3, and no differences emerged between groups. In the FOA group, the index of MM symmetrical contraction increased significantly at T3 compared to T1 and T2. In the ALIGN group, no significant changes were observed between each timepoint. In FOA subjects, a slight alteration of the muscular activity appeared immediately after bracket removal and this alteration normalized after 3 months of rescue. In subjects treated with aligners, no significant alteration of the muscular activity was assessed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site)
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26 pages, 13779 KiB  
Article
An Experimental and Virtual Approach to Hip Revision Prostheses
by Alina Duta, Dragos-Laurentiu Popa, Daniela Doina Vintila, Gabriel Buciu, Nicolae Adrian Dina, Adriana Ionescu, Mihaela Corina Berceanu and Daniel Cosmin Calin
Diagnostics 2022, 12(8), 1952; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081952 - 12 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1172
Abstract
(1) Introduction: The changes in the joint morphology inevitably lead to prosthesis, but the hip pathology is complex. The hip arthroplasty is a therapeutic solution and can be caused, most frequently, by primary and secondary coxarthrosis due to or followed by traumatic conditions. [...] Read more.
(1) Introduction: The changes in the joint morphology inevitably lead to prosthesis, but the hip pathology is complex. The hip arthroplasty is a therapeutic solution and can be caused, most frequently, by primary and secondary coxarthrosis due to or followed by traumatic conditions. The main aim of this study was to find the method of revision hip prosthesis that preserves as much bone material as possible and has sufficiently good mechanical strength. (2) Materials and Methods: In this study, in a first step, the two revision prostheses were performed on bone components taken from an animal (cow), and then, they were tested on a mechanical testing machine until the prostheses physically failed, and the force causing their failure was determined. (3) Results: These prostheses were then modelled in a virtual environment and tested using the finite element method (FEM) in order to determine their behaviour under loading from normal human gait. Displacement, strain, and stress maps were obtained. (4) Discussion: Discussions on hip revision prostheses, method, and theory analysis are presented at the end of the paper. (5) Conclusions: Important conclusions are drawn based on comparative analyses. The main conclusion shows that the both orthopaedic prostheses provide a very good resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site)
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9 pages, 1206 KiB  
Article
Torticollis in Connection with Spine Phenotype
by Ali Al Kaissi, Nabil Nassib, Sami Bouchoucha, Mohammad Shboul, Franz Grill, Susanne Gerit Kircher, Polina Ochirova and Sergey Ryabykh
Diagnostics 2022, 12(7), 1672; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071672 - 09 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2150
Abstract
Purpose: Torticollis is not of uncommon occurrence in orthopaedic departments. Various theories and studies concerning the pathogenesis of the deformity have been suggested. We aimed to highlight and discuss the underlying cervical and spine malformation complex in correlation with torticollis via radiographic and [...] Read more.
Purpose: Torticollis is not of uncommon occurrence in orthopaedic departments. Various theories and studies concerning the pathogenesis of the deformity have been suggested. We aimed to highlight and discuss the underlying cervical and spine malformation complex in correlation with torticollis via radiographic and tomographic analysis and its connection with a specific syndromic entity. Methods: Torticollis has been recognised in six patients (2 boys and 4 girls with an age range of 14–18 years), in addition to a couple of parents manifested persistent backpain. A variable spine malformation complex was the main reason behind torticollis. In addition, some patients manifested plagiocephaly, facial asymmetry and scoliosis/kyphoscoliosis. In some patients, conventional radiographs were of limited value because of the overlapping anatomical structures. Three-dimensional reconstruction CT scanning was the modality of choice, which enlightens the path for the phenotypic characterisation. Results: A 16-year-old-boy presented with torticollis in correlation with pathologic aberration of the spine cartilaginous stage was analysed via 3DCT scan. Comprehensive clinical and radiological phenotypes were in favour of spondylomegepiphyseal dysplasia. The genotype showed a mutation of the NKX3-2 (BAPX1) gene compatible with the diagnosis of spondylo-meg-epiphyseal-metaphyseal dysplasia. His younger male sibling and parents were heterozygous carriers. In two patients with pseudoachondroplasia syndrome, in which odontoid hypoplasia associated with cervical spine synchondrosis causing life-threatening torticollis, Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) gene mutation was identified. MURCS syndrome has been diagnosed in two unrelated girls. Torticollis associated with cervical kyphosis was the major presentation since early childhood. Interestingly, one girl showed omovertebral bones of the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine. Her karyotype manifested a balanced translocation of 46 XX, t (14q; 15q). Conclusion: To detect the underlying etiological diagnosis of torticollis, a skeletal survey was the primary diagnostic tool. Conventional radiographs of the craniocervical junction and spine resulted in confusing readings because of the overlapping anatomical structures. Cranio-cervical malformation complex could have serious neurological deficits, especially for children with indefinite diagnosis of torticollis. The widely used term of congenital muscular torticollis resulted in morbid or mortal consequences. Moreover, some patients received vigorous physical therapy on the bases of muscular torticollis. Sadly speaking, this resulted in grave complications. Understanding the imaging phenotype and the genotype in such patients is the baseline tool for precise and proper management. The value of this paper is to sensitise physicians and orthopaedic surgeons to the necessity of comprehensive clinical and radiological phenotypic characterisations in patients with long term skeletal pathology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2022 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine – On-Site)
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