Research

9 pages, 1170 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Long-Term Volumetric Stability of Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation Using a Xenograft Bone Substitute and Its Combination with Autologous Bone: A 6+ Year Retrospective Follow-Up Study Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

by Liene Zamure-Damberga, Oskars Radzins, Girts Salms, Maksims Zolovs, Zanda Bokvalde and Laura Neimane

Dent. J. 2024, 12(5), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12050121 - 24 Apr 2024

Abstract

Deproteinised bovine bone (DBB) is widely used as bone substitute in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) surgery. No previous studies have shown the long-term volumetric changes in the augmented bone when using DBB. The selected patients had MFSA performed using a lateral window [...] Read more.

Deproteinised bovine bone (DBB) is widely used as bone substitute in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) surgery. No previous studies have shown the long-term volumetric changes in the augmented bone when using DBB. The selected patients had MFSA performed using a lateral window technique and a xenograft, alone or in combination with the patient’s autologous bone from the mandible. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to compare the volumetric changes in the augmented bone for patients over a period of 6 or more years. No significant bone reduction was seen in the augmented bone region when comparing MSFA after 7 months and 6 or more years after dental implantation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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13 pages, 3959 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Long-Term Esthetic and Radiographic Outcome of Implants Placed in the Anterior Maxilla after Ridge Preservation, Combining Bovine Xenograft with Collagen Matrix

by Leonidas Batas, Vithleem Xanthopoulou, Maria Gnigou, Triantafyllia Vagdouti, Ioannis Fragkioudakis and Ioannis Vouros

Dent. J. 2024, 12(3), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12030080 - 20 Mar 2024

Viewed by 788

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the long-term esthetic and radiographic results of implants placed in the anterior maxilla after ridge preservation, combining bovine xenograft with collagen matrix. Fifteen patients who required a single tooth extraction because of fracture, root resorption, [...] Read more.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the long-term esthetic and radiographic results of implants placed in the anterior maxilla after ridge preservation, combining bovine xenograft with collagen matrix. Fifteen patients who required a single tooth extraction because of fracture, root resorption, or extended caries were included in the study. After extraction, all sites were grafted using Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral (DBBM) with collagen and covered by a resorbable collagen matrix (CM). Five months after socket grafting, implants were successfully installed. The implant diameter range was between 3.8 and 4.2 mm. All patients were monitored for over 7 years, both clinically and radiographically. Three independent observers evaluated the long-term esthetic outcome, employing the Pink Esthetic Score (PES) technique. Over a period exceeding seven years, a 100% survival rate was observed for all 15 implants, with minimal marginal bone loss. The mean PES was 11.40 (±1.44) at the first assessment and 11.38 (±1.63) at the second assessment. The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.978), and the scores of PES measurements indicated excellent esthetic results even after seven years. Based on these preliminary results, it seems that placing collagen bovine bone in a fresh extraction socket, covered with a collagen matrix, can preserve the alveolar ridge and provide long-term stable esthetic results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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13 pages, 2825 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ridge Preservation and Augmentation Using a Carbonated Apatite Bone Graft Substitute: A Case Series

by Yoichi Taniguchi, Tatsuro Koyanagi, Toru Takagi, Yutaro Kitanaka, Akira Aoki and Takanori Iwata

Dent. J. 2024, 12(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12030055 - 28 Feb 2024

Viewed by 927

Abstract

The newly developed mineral carbonated apatite has recently been proposed as a bone graft material for bone regenerative treatment in implant therapy. This case series details the clinical and radiographic outcomes of ridge preservation and ridge augmentation using only carbonated apatite as bone [...] Read more.

The newly developed mineral carbonated apatite has recently been proposed as a bone graft material for bone regenerative treatment in implant therapy. This case series details the clinical and radiographic outcomes of ridge preservation and ridge augmentation using only carbonated apatite as bone graft material for implant treatment. Twenty patients (36 sites) who required bone regeneration and implant placement were retrospectively assessed. Simultaneous carbonated apatite implant placement was performed using the simultaneous ridge preservation or augmentation approach on 24 sites in 13 patients with sufficient bone quantity for primary stabilization based on preoperative evaluation results. A staged ridge preservation or augmentation approach was used for the remaining 12 sites in seven patients with insufficient bone quantity. The mean regenerated bone height for each treatment method was as follows: simultaneous preservation, 7.4 ± 3.3 mm; simultaneous augmentation, 3.6 ± 2.3 mm; staged preservation, 7.2 ± 4.5 mm; and staged augmentation, 6.1 ± 2.7 mm. The mean regenerated bone width for each treatment method was as follows: simultaneous preservation, 6.5 ± 2.9 mm; simultaneous augmentation, 3.3 ± 2.5 mm; staged preservation, 5.5 ± 1.7 mm; and staged augmentation, 3.5 ± 1.9 mm. Ultimately, the use of carbonated apatite alone as a bone graft material in implant therapy resulted in stable and favorable bone regeneration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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8 pages, 1281 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Classifying Maxillary Sinuses of Polish Patients for Sinus Lift: A Pilot Study

by Radosław Jadach, Farah Asa’ad, Giulio Rasperini and Karolina Osypko

Dent. J. 2024, 12(2), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12020035 - 05 Feb 2024

Viewed by 1513

Abstract

To date, there is no systematic anatomical classification available that could help clinicians in choosing between the lateral and palatal approach in sinus lift procedures. The aim was to provide a simple-to-use and memorable classification of the maxillary sinus concerning the thickness of [...] Read more.

To date, there is no systematic anatomical classification available that could help clinicians in choosing between the lateral and palatal approach in sinus lift procedures. The aim was to provide a simple-to-use and memorable classification of the maxillary sinus concerning the thickness of lateral and palatal walls to facilitate the most adequate choice for the window location during direct sinus floor elevation. Cone beam computed tomography scans were consecutively obtained for 200 maxillary sinuses of patients needing dental implant placement with potential maxillary sinus augmentation. The thickness and height of the alveolar bone of the lateral and palatal walls of the maxillary sinuses were assessed. Four variants were distinguished. Class 0: an adequate sub-sinus residual bone height; without the need for sinus floor augmentation. Classes 1–3 had a reduced sub-sinus residual bone height. Class 1: a thinner lateral than palatal sinus wall. Class 2 (the most frequent; 49%): the comparable thickness of both walls in which either lateral, palatal, or crestal window osteotomies can be applied. Class 3 (the least frequent; 3%): a thinner palatal sinus wall in comparison to the lateral wall. The presented anatomical classification simplifies the decision-making process of choosing the most adequate window location and osteotomy technique. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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Graphical abstract

13 pages, 3402 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Radiological Study on the Evolution of the Biomaterial’s Image (Shape, Density, Vertical Dimensions) after the Lateral Sinus Lift

by Dragos Epistatu, Octavian-Marius Dinca, Cristian Vladan, Cristina Padurariu, Iulian Damian and Sorin Hostiuc

Dent. J. 2023, 11(12), 273; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11120273 - 29 Nov 2023

Viewed by 1900

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term changes of sinus lift material. Materials and methods: We included a total number of 35 patients (20 men and 15 women), between 32 and 80 years old, evaluated on a timeframe of up [...] Read more.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term changes of sinus lift material. Materials and methods: We included a total number of 35 patients (20 men and 15 women), between 32 and 80 years old, evaluated on a timeframe of up to 11.6 years. Diverse biomaterials were used (allograft, xenograft, alloplastic, combinations of them), with autologous bone in some cases. Results: The appearance of the top plane of the bone over time took a large dome shape (36% of cases), a linear shape (32% of cases), an irregular shape (23% of cases), or had micro domes above the implants (7%). No significant differences were found between the groups regarding age. The radiological density of the biomaterial tended to equalize that of the native bone. The final vertical dimensions seemed to be independent of the initial native bone height but seemed to be correlated with the amount of applied biomaterial. For the study group, the biomaterial contracted on average by 10% for the maximum height (H max) and 20% for the minimum height (H min), which can explain the tendency of the upper border of the biomaterial to curve. The annual H max contraction ranged from −0.09 to +0.18 with a mean value of 2.67% (SD = 0.04, CI: [0.011, 0.041]). The median value was 1.8%. The annual H min contraction ranged from −0.24 to +0.24, with a mean value of 4.33% (SD = 0.07, CI: [0.021, 0.065]). The median value was 3.59%. There were no statistically significant gender differences (Mann–Whitney U, p = 0.483, p = 0.642). The additional application of biomaterial together with the implants seemed to have a beneficial effect on the final vertical dimension of the bio-transformed material. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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10 pages, 673 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Tomographic Evaluation of Alveolar Ridge Preservation Using Bone Substitutes and Collagen Membranes—A Retrospective Pilot Study

by Tegan S. Binkhorst, Andrew Tawse-Smith, Rayner Goh, Getulio R. Nogueira and Momen Atieh

Dent. J. 2023, 11(3), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11030058 - 22 Feb 2023

Viewed by 1601

Abstract

Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) reduces dimensional changes following tooth extraction. We evaluated the changes in alveolar ridge dimensions after ARP using bone substitutes and collagen membranes. Objectives included the tomographic evaluation of sites prior to extraction and six months after ARP and the [...] Read more.

Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) reduces dimensional changes following tooth extraction. We evaluated the changes in alveolar ridge dimensions after ARP using bone substitutes and collagen membranes. Objectives included the tomographic evaluation of sites prior to extraction and six months after ARP and the assessment of the extent ARP preserved the ridge and reduced the need for additional augmentation at the time of implant placement. A total of 12 participants who underwent ARP in the Postgraduate Periodontics Clinic (Faculty of Dentistry) were included. Cone beam computed tomography images were used to retrospectively assess 17 sites prior to and six months after dental extraction. Alveolar ridge changes were recorded and analysed using reproducible reference points. The alveolar ridge height was measured at buccal and palatal/lingual aspects, whilst width was measured at crestal level, 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm below the crest. Statistically significant changes were found in alveolar ridge width at all four heights, with mean reduction differences ranging from 1.16 mm to 2.84 mm. Likewise, significant changes in the palatal/lingual alveolar ridge height (1.28 mm) were observed. However, changes of 0.79 mm in buccal alveolar ridge height were not significant (p = 0.077). Although ARP reduced dimensional changes following a tooth extraction, some degree of alveolar ridge collapse could not be avoided. The amount of resorption on the buccal aspect of the ridge was less compared to the palatal/lingual after ARP. This indicated that the use of bone substitutes and collagen membranes was effective in reducing changes in the buccal alveolar ridge height. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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8 pages, 810 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Does the Length of Mini Dental Implants Affect Their Resistance to Failure by Overloading?

by Rafif Alshenaiber, Nick Silikas and Craig Barclay

Dent. J. 2022, 10(7), 117; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj10070117 - 01 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1582

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the failure resistance of different lengths of mini dental implants from the same manufacturer, and to assess their failure following overloading. Materials and Methods: According to the ISO 14801, 15 mini dental implants 2.4 mm in [...] Read more.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the failure resistance of different lengths of mini dental implants from the same manufacturer, and to assess their failure following overloading. Materials and Methods: According to the ISO 14801, 15 mini dental implants 2.4 mm in diameter, with lengths of 8.5 mm, 10 mm, or 13 mm, were subjected to compression loading until failure using a universal testing machine. The mean load-to-failure values for each length of the mini dental implants were calculated and analysed using SPSS^®, via one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Results: The mean load to failure for mini dental implants was 329 N (SD 6.23), 326 N (SD 5.95), and 325 N (SD 6.99) for the 13 mm, 10 mm, and 8.5 mm implants, respectively. A comparison of means showed no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.70). The tested mini dental implants exhibited bending failure modes below the first thread. Conclusion: Under high compressive loading testing, there was no effect of the length on the failure of the mini dental implants following overloading. Moreover, all tested mini dental implants with different lengths showed the same failure mode and distortion location. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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13 pages, 644 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Short Narrow Dental Implants versus Long Narrow Dental Implants in Fixed Prostheses: A Prospective Clinical Study

by Eduardo Antiua, Virginia Escuer and Mohammad H. Alkhraisat

Dent. J. 2022, 10(3), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj10030039 - 04 Mar 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3402

Abstract

There is a paucity of studies that assess short and narrow dental implants. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the performance of both short (≤8 mm) and narrow (≤3.5 mm width) dental implants supporting fixed prostheses in the atrophic maxilla or mandible. Towards [...] Read more.

There is a paucity of studies that assess short and narrow dental implants. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the performance of both short (≤8 mm) and narrow (≤3.5 mm width) dental implants supporting fixed prostheses in the atrophic maxilla or mandible. Towards that aim, patients with short implants were included in the study. The control group was those with long and narrow dental implants (length > 8 mm and diameter ≤ 3.5 mm). Clinical and demographic variables were extracted from clinical records. During the follow-up, implant survival and marginal bone loss were evaluated and statistically analysed. Forty-one implants were included (18 and 23 implants in the test and control groups, respectively). The median follow-up time was 26 months since insertion in both groups. The results revealed that there was no implant failure and no statistically significant differences in terms of marginal bone loss. Only one screw-loosening effect occurred in the short implants group. Short, narrow dental implants could be an alternative for the restoration of severely resorbed jaws. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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Review

Jump to: Research, Other

14 pages, 487 KiB

Open AccessReview

Enamel Matrix Derivatives as an Adjunct to Alveolar Ridge Preservation—A Systematic Review

by Omid Fakheran, Kai R. Fischer and Patrick R. Schmidlin

Dent. J. 2023, 11(4), 100; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11040100 - 10 Apr 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2016

Abstract

Purpose: To systematically assess the current evidence regarding the adjunctive application of enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) during alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) following tooth extraction. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus [...] Read more.

Purpose: To systematically assess the current evidence regarding the adjunctive application of enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) during alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) following tooth extraction. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus to identify relevant randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). The primary outcome parameters of this systematic review were histomorphometric and radiographic data; secondary outcomes were the feasibility of implant placement after ARP as well as patient-related outcomes such as postoperative discomfort. Results: The search identified 436 eligible articles published from 2011 to 2022, but only five were ultimately included for data extraction (146 patients). Given the substantial heterogeneity among the included studies, no meta-analysis could be performed. The authors’ qualitative analysis showed marginally improved outcomes regarding an increased percentage of new bone formation after tooth extraction and a reduction in postoperative discomfort. Conclusions: Given the potential value of EMDs in other fields of regenerative dentistry, more consideration should be given to EMDs as an adjunctive treatment option in ARP. However, more well-controlled randomized clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the exact potential and impacts of EMDs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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Other

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16 pages, 3094 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Adjunctive Plasma Rich in Growth Factors in the Treatment of Osteomyelitis and Large Odontogenic Cysts Prior to Successful Implant Rehabilitation: Case Report

by Marc DuVal and Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat

Dent. J. 2023, 11(8), 184; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11080184 - 31 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1137

Abstract

Osteomyelitis of the jaws presents a clinical challenge to conventional treatment, often requiring multiple surgical interventions resulting in significant deformity and presenting significant problems to satisfactory rehabilitation. While benign odontogenic cysts, such as the radicular cyst, are generally predictably treated, they can cause [...] Read more.

Osteomyelitis of the jaws presents a clinical challenge to conventional treatment, often requiring multiple surgical interventions resulting in significant deformity and presenting significant problems to satisfactory rehabilitation. While benign odontogenic cysts, such as the radicular cyst, are generally predictably treated, they can cause significant localized bone destruction and thus can present significant problems in satisfactory rehabilitation. In this case report, patients were treated combining conventionally appropriate surgical debridement and oral antibiotics with adjunctive plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF). Patients showed a complete soft tissue and osseous regeneration to their pre-pathologic state, with successful implant rehabilitation. PRGF appears to be highly successful in minimizing or eliminating osseous deformities normally associated with conventional treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaw and treatment of large odontogenic cysts. Future trials must be performed to confirm these results in comparison to controls using conventional treatment alone. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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9 pages, 241 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

Use of Systemic Steroids, Hormone Replacement Therapy, or Oral Contraceptives Is Associated with Decreased Implant Survival in Women

by Michelle Y. Zou, Robert E. Cohen, Brendon L. Ursomanno and Lisa M. Yerke

Dent. J. 2023, 11(7), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11070163 - 29 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1817

Abstract

Background: Systemic steroids, such as prednisone, hormonal replacement therapies, or oral contraceptives, are commonly prescribed to women who might also be receiving dental implant therapy. However, the effect of these medications on dental implant survival is unknown. Methods: The medical and dental records [...] Read more.

Background: Systemic steroids, such as prednisone, hormonal replacement therapies, or oral contraceptives, are commonly prescribed to women who might also be receiving dental implant therapy. However, the effect of these medications on dental implant survival is unknown. Methods: The medical and dental records of individuals with dental implants (N = 1480 implants) who visited a postgraduate periodontics clinic between 2000 and 2017 were initially considered. Those younger than 21 years old, pregnant, or male were excluded according to the study’s exclusion criteria. The presence of systemic diseases and conditions was assessed. Implant failure rates among female patients using systemic steroids, hormone replacement therapy, or oral contraceptives were compared with failure rates among patients not taking those medications. Results: The implant failure rate for the 65 implants in patients taking steroid medications was 7.69%; the failure rate for the 712 implants in patients not taking steroids was 1.54% (p < 0.001). After adjusting for smoking and the presence of diabetes, that relationship persisted, with an 8.47% implant failure rate for the 59 implants in patients taking steroids (vs. 1.54% failure for the 585 implants in patients not taking steroids; p < 0.001). Regression analyses demonstrated that the odds of implant failure versus success were 5.31 times greater in patients taking systemic steroids, hormone replacement therapy, or oral contraceptives (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences in patient plaque control were found between the experimental and control groups. Conclusions: Among women, the use of systemic steroids is associated with a five-fold increase in the rate of dental implant failure, regardless of the presence of smoking or diabetes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Bone Regeneration)

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