Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials for Energy Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2024 | Viewed by 15729

Special Issue Editors

Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: silicon photonics; plasmonic sensors; metamaterials; metasurfaces; non-diffractive beams; their applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
1. IPSI RAS-Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Molodogvardeyskaya 151, 443001 Samara, Russia
2. Department of Technical Cybernetics, Samara National Research University, 443086 Samara, Russia
Interests: diffractive optics; singular optics; sharp focusing; polarization transformation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am gratified to welcome you to submit your valuable work for a Special Issue of the journal Crystals on “Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices”.

Photonic crystals (PhCs) have been the subject of numerous investigations since the original work of Yablonovitch and John. Due to their exceptional attributes, the potential applications of PhCs are highly prospective, ranging from gas sensing to optical filters, photonic papers, optical logic gates, lasers, inkless printing, and reflective flat displays. In recent years, the development of optical devices based on PhCs is taking place at a rapid pace. These devices can be utilized in various attention-grabbing applications, such as monitoring/sensing of temperature, proximity, pressure, light, ultrasonic, chemicals, etc.

This Special Issue will cover new developments and recent advances in the design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of PhC-based optical devices. Original research work, letters, and review papers based on theoretical, numerical, and experimental data are welcome in this Special Issue.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Biosensors and gas sensors;
  • PhC-based optical logic gates;
  • PhC-based lasers;
  • PhC-based optical filters;
  • PhC-based inkless printers;
  • Power splitters;
  • Optical diodes;
  • Self-collimation;
  • Polarization splitters;
  • Absorbers for solar thermophotovoltaic applications.

We look forward to receiving your proposals.

Dr. Muhammad Ali Butt
Prof. Dr. Svetlana Nikolaevna Khonina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensors and gas sensors
  • PhC based optical logic gates
  • PhC based lasers
  • PhC based optical filters
  • PhC based inkless printers
  • power splitters
  • optical diodes
  • Self-collimation
  • polarization splitters
  • absorbers for solar thermophotovoltaic applications.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 2740 KiB  
Article
A Dual-Core Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor for Simultaneously Measuring the Refractive Index and Temperature
by Wangyoyo Li, Yu Chen, Jianjie Xu, Menglin Jiang and Hui Zou
Crystals 2023, 13(6), 972; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13060972 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 909
Abstract
In this correspondence, a new photonic crystal fiber biosensor structure on the basis of surface plasmon resonance is proposed for the measurement of the refractive index (RI) and TSM temperature simultaneously. In this design, the central and external surface of the biosensor structure [...] Read more.
In this correspondence, a new photonic crystal fiber biosensor structure on the basis of surface plasmon resonance is proposed for the measurement of the refractive index (RI) and TSM temperature simultaneously. In this design, the central and external surface of the biosensor structure are coated with thin gold film. A hole adjacent to the inner gold film is filled with temperature-sensitive material (TSM). With the implementation of internal and external gold coatings along with TSM, the biosensor achieves the measurement of the RI and temperature with two disjoint wavelength coverage. Numerical simulations and calculation results illustrate that the average wavelength sensitivity of the biosensor structure, respectively, achieves 7080 nm/RIU and 3.36 nm/°C with RI coverage from 1.36 to 1.41 and temperature coverage from 0 to 60 °C. Moreover, benefiting from realization of different wavelength regions in RI and temperature sensing, it is believed that the proposed biosensor structure for the measurement of the RI and temperature will have range applications in the fields of medical diagnostics and environmental assessments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices)
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10 pages, 7838 KiB  
Communication
Performance Analysis of DAST Material-Assisted Photonic-Crystal-Based Electrical Tunable Optical Filter
by Amit Kumar Goyal, Ajay Kumar and Yehia Massoud
Crystals 2022, 12(7), 992; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12070992 - 17 Jul 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 1575
Abstract
In this paper, a 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4-N-methyl-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) material assisted one-dimensional photonic-crystal-based (1D-PhC) tunable optical filter is presented. The design comprises a bilayer 1D-PhC structure having DAST as an electro-optic material. The device parameters are [...] Read more.
In this paper, a 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4-N-methyl-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) material assisted one-dimensional photonic-crystal-based (1D-PhC) tunable optical filter is presented. The design comprises a bilayer 1D-PhC structure having DAST as an electro-optic material. The device parameters are configured to filter out the 632.8 nm wavelength from the reflection spectrum. The analysis shows that by illuminating the device with poly-chromatic light at an incident angle of 45.07°, the filtered wavelength exhibits transmission maxima having FWHM of less than 1nm. The analytical results also demonstrate the post fabrication 60 nm electrical tuning of the filtered wavelength by using only ±5 V applied potential. The structure also exhibits a very stable filter response up to 40% variations in optical thickness. Thus, the proposed design possesses the advantage in terms of low voltage wavelength tuning, stable response, easy fabrication and integration capability in integrated circuits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices)
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11 pages, 2421 KiB  
Article
Theoretical Study on Polycarbonate-Based One-Dimensional Ternary Photonic Structures from Far-Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Regions of Electromagnetic Spectrum
by Z. S. Matar, M. Al-Dossari, S. K. Awasthi, N. S. Abd El-Gawaad, H. Hanafy, R. M. Amin, M. I. Fathy and A. H. Aly
Crystals 2022, 12(5), 642; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12050642 - 30 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1777
Abstract
In the present research work, we have theoretically analyzed the photonic band-gap properties of one-dimensional photonic structures composed of polycarbonate and non-glass materials. These photonic structures, PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4, are composed of alternating layers [...] Read more.
In the present research work, we have theoretically analyzed the photonic band-gap properties of one-dimensional photonic structures composed of polycarbonate and non-glass materials. These photonic structures, PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4, are composed of alternating layers of polycarbonate/Al2O3, polycarbonate/MgF2, polycarbonate/BaF2 and polycarbonate/TiO2 materials, respectively. The period of each photonic structure is made up of a thin non-glass material layer sandwiched between two identical polycarbonate layers. The transfer matrix method has been used to investigate the transmission properties of PC1 to PC4. The comparison between the transmission spectra of PC1 to PC4 shows that the polycarbonate and TiO2-based photonic structure (PC4) possess three PBGs of zero transmission located at far-ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum at normal and oblique incidence (θ0 = 55°), both corresponding to TE wave only. The index of refraction of all five materials used in this study was obtained by applying the Sellmeier-type dispersion relationship to ensure accuracy in the results. The purpose of selecting polycarbonate along with Al2O3, TiO2, MgF2 or BaF2 as constituent materials of these photonic structures is due to the heat resistance properties of polycarbonate and the unique optical properties of oxide and fluoride materials with wide transparency from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The proposed work can be used to design some influential wavelength-selective reflectors composed of 1D PCs behind the active region of the solar cells for improving the photovoltaic performance of solar panels. This study can further be utilized for the fabrication of advanced solar cell designs consisting of 1D photonic mirror-based luminescence and reflection concentrators. The low temperature problem which arises in satellites may also be overcome with the help of smart windows based on the proposed multilayer structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices)
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21 pages, 3351 KiB  
Article
Employing the Defective Photonic Crystal Composed of Nanocomposite Superconducting Material in Detection of Cancerous Brain Tumors Biosensor: Computational Study
by C. Malek, M. Al-Dossari, S. K. Awasthi, Z. S. Matar, N. S. Abd El-Gawaad, Walied Sabra and Arafa H. Aly
Crystals 2022, 12(4), 540; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12040540 - 12 Apr 2022
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 2263
Abstract
The present research is focused on the externally tunable defect mode properties of a one dimensional (1D) defective photonic crystal (DPhC) for fast detection of cancerous brain tumors. The proposed design has utilized conventional 1D DPhC whose cavity is coated with SiO2 [...] Read more.
The present research is focused on the externally tunable defect mode properties of a one dimensional (1D) defective photonic crystal (DPhC) for fast detection of cancerous brain tumors. The proposed design has utilized conventional 1D DPhC whose cavity is coated with SiO2 nanoparticles embedded in a superconducting material layer called a nanocomposite layer. The purpose of a nanocomposite superconducting layer is to induce temperature dependent external tuning of the defect mode inside PBG, in addition, to changing in the angle of incidence. The inclusion of a nanocomposite layer also improves the interaction between light and different brain tissue samples under examination. In order to investigate the transmission properties of the proposed structure the transfer matrix formulation in addition to the MATLAB computational tool has been used. First, we have chosen the optimized internal parameters at normal incidence to obtain the maximum performance of the design. Secondly, the effect of change in angle of incidence has been studied to further increase the performance by means of sensitivity, quality factor, the figure of merit and limit of detection to ensure external tuning of defect mode. After achieving a maximum value of sensitivity (4139.24 nm/RIU) corresponding to a sample containing a wall of brain tissues at θ = 63° we have further investigated the effect of change in temperature of nanocomposite layers on the position and intensity both of the defect mode inside PBG. We have found that the increase in temperature results in minute changes in sensitivity but a significant increase in the intensity of defect mode which is highly required in any photonic biosensing design. The findings of this study may be very useful for designing various bio-sensing structures which could have a significant and decisive role in the field of biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices)
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10 pages, 3813 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Spectral Properties of DBR-Based Photonic Crystal Structure for Optical Filter Application
by Umair Ahmed, Yousuf Khan, Muhammad Khurram Ehsan, Muhammad Rizwan Amirzada, Naqeeb Ullah, Abdul Rafay Khatri, Atiq Ur Rehman and Muhammad A. Butt
Crystals 2022, 12(3), 409; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12030409 - 17 Mar 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2097
Abstract
In this work, the spectral properties of distributed Bragg reflector-based photonic crystal (DBR-PhC) structures were studied for the near-infrared (NIR) range. Different structural properties were varied to study their effect on the quality of the stopband and the appearance of the resonant dips [...] Read more.
In this work, the spectral properties of distributed Bragg reflector-based photonic crystal (DBR-PhC) structures were studied for the near-infrared (NIR) range. Different structural properties were varied to study their effect on the quality of the stopband and the appearance of the resonant dips in the reflection spectra of the DBR-PhC structure. The investigated structural features included the depth of PhC holes, hole radius, and number of PhC elements in the DBR structure. The 11-layered DBR structure was designed with a 2.4/1.4 refractive index contrast of alternating layers. The study aimed to achieve optical filtering properties in the DBR-PhC structure, to simplify the structural complexity of Fabry-Pérot filters by eliminating the FP cavity and upper-DBR mirror. The proposed DBR-PhC device can be used in different optical filtering and sensing applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices)
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13 pages, 5055 KiB  
Article
Fabrication and Investigation of Spectral Properties of a Dielectric Slab Waveguide Photonic Crystal Based Fano-Filter
by Yousuf Khan, Atiq Ur Rehman, Bibi A. Batool, Mahain Noor, Muhammad A. Butt, Nikolay L. Kazanskiy and Svetlana N. Khonina
Crystals 2022, 12(2), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12020226 - 05 Feb 2022
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2615
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the fabrication of a dielectric photonic crystal (PhC)-based Fano-filter device, as well as a numerical investigation of its spectral characteristics. The process parameters affecting the structural and physical properties of the fabricated device are discussed in detail, along [...] Read more.
In this paper, we discuss the fabrication of a dielectric photonic crystal (PhC)-based Fano-filter device, as well as a numerical investigation of its spectral characteristics. The process parameters affecting the structural and physical properties of the fabricated device are discussed in detail, along with their influence on the spectral properties of the filter. The considered experimental problem is a three-layered PhC structure, fabricated using focused ion-beam (FIB) technology, designed to operate in the near-infrared (NIR) range. The studied parameters include the shape of PhC elements, depth of the structures, cladding layer thicknesses, and the refractive index of the material. Numerical design and simulations are performed using an open-source python-based Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation tool. The proposed optical filter device operates based on the principle of guided-mode resonance, and achieved a maximum quality factor value in the range of 800. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices)
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10 pages, 907 KiB  
Article
MATLAB Simulation-Based Theoretical Study for Detection of a Wide Range of Pathogens Using 1D Defective Photonic Structure
by Arafa H. Aly, S. K. Awasthi, M. A. Mohaseb, Z. S. Matar and A. F. Amin
Crystals 2022, 12(2), 220; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12020220 - 02 Feb 2022
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 2742
Abstract
The present 1D photonic biosensor is composed of two sub-PhCs of alternate layers made of GaP and SiO2. The period number of each PhC has been fixed to 3. Both these PhCs are joined together through a cavity region of air [...] Read more.
The present 1D photonic biosensor is composed of two sub-PhCs of alternate layers made of GaP and SiO2. The period number of each PhC has been fixed to 3. Both these PhCs are joined together through a cavity region of air in which different analytes are to be filled one by one under the scope of this study. The theoretical findings of this work have been formulated with the help of the well-known transfer matrix method. Moreover, all the computations pertaining to this work have been carried out with the help of MATLAB software. The effect of change in cavity thickness and angle of incidence corresponding to a TE wave on the transmittance of the structure (AB)ND(AB)N has been studied theoretically which in turn determines the performance of the proposed biosensor. Various parameters, such as sensitivity (S), signal to noise ratio (SNR), figure of merit (FOM), resolution (RS), detection limit (LOD), quality factor (Q) and dynamic range (DR) have been theoretically calculated to evaluate the performance of the proposed design in true sense. The sensitivity of this structure varies between the highest and lowest values of 337.3626 nm/RIU and 333.0882 nm/RIU corresponding to water samples containing Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells and Bacillus anthracia cells, respectively, under normal incidence condition with a cavity thickness of 2.0 µm. The resolution (in nm) and LOD (in RIU) values of the proposed design are small enough and are significant for our structure. This study may also be helpful for distinguishing various microbiological samples under investigation and find suitable applications for discriminating bacterial cells from spores. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Photonic Crystal and Optical Devices)
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