Advances in Metal-Ion Batteries

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials for Energy Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 6063

Special Issue Editors

Center for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College of Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
Interests: energy storage device; nanomaterials and technology; fuel cell; materials characterization
Department of Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 166 07 Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: nanomaterials; energy storage; nanocomposites; energy efficiency; thermophysical properties; heat and mass transfer
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal-ion batteries are currently emerging as a viable substitute for the existing Li-ion battery technology, especially for large-scale energy storage, ease of problems with lithium availability, high cost, and safety concerns.

This Special Issue aims to bridge the gap between academics and industry by advocating for the best practices for measuring performance and proposing recommendations concerning essential parameters, including capacity, cyclability, Coulombic efficiency, and electrolyte consumption in all metal-ion batteries. As technical advancement continues, it is expected that several types of metal-ion batteries will be introduced to the market.

As such, this Special Issue aims to compile original and cutting-edge research work in the development, characterization, and application of metal-ion batteries through novel techniques.

Dr. Maryam Sadat Kiai
Dr. Navid Aslfattahi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Calcium-ion batteries
  • Magnesium-ion batteries
  • Zinc-ion batteries
  • Aluminum-ion batteries
  • Energy density
  • Safety features
  • Low-cost Batteries
  • Coulombic efficiency
  • Cathode storage mechanism
  • Material design strategies

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3953 KiB  
Article
Results from Exploratory Work in Li-Rich Regions of the AE-Li-Ge Systems (AE = Ca, Sr, Ba)
by Jiliang Zhang and Svilen Bobev
Crystals 2024, 14(1), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14010057 - 31 Dec 2023
Viewed by 815
Abstract
The compounds AELi2Ge (AE = Ca, Sr and Ba) were synthesized, and their structures were determined as a part of the exploratory work in the Li-rich regions of the respective ternary systems. The three compounds are isostructural, and their [...] Read more.
The compounds AELi2Ge (AE = Ca, Sr and Ba) were synthesized, and their structures were determined as a part of the exploratory work in the Li-rich regions of the respective ternary systems. The three compounds are isostructural, and their crystal structure is analogous with the orthorhombic structure of BaLi2Si and KLi2As (space group Pmmn). The atomic arrangement can be viewed as an intergrowth of corrugated AEGe layers, alternated with slabs of Li atoms, suggestive of the possible application of these phases as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Both experimental electronic density and calculated electronic structure suggest the existence of Li–Li and Li–Ge interactions with largely covalent character. Despite that, the valence electrons can be partitioned as (AE2+)(Li+)2(Ge4–), i.e., the title compounds can be viewed as valence-precise Zintl phases. The band structure calculations for BaLi2Ge show that a bona fide energy gap in the band structure does not exist and that the expected poor metallic behavior is originated from the AEGe sub-lattice and related to hybridization of Ba5d and Ge3p states in the valence band in proximity of the Fermi level. In addition, electrochemical measurements indicate that Li atoms can be intercalated into CaGe with a maximum capacity of 446 mAh/g, close to the theoretical value of 480 mAh/g of CaLi2Ge, which reveals the possibility of this Li-rich compound to be used as an electrode in Li-ion batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metal-Ion Batteries)
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19 pages, 3196 KiB  
Article
Study on the Effectiveness of Water Mist on Suppressing Thermal Runaway in LiFePO4 Batteries
by Qian Li, Jinshan Yu, Guangzhen Liu, Xiaoguang Ma, Wei Si, Xiangyu Hu, Guoqing Zhu and Tong Liu
Crystals 2023, 13(9), 1346; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13091346 - 04 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1196
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries experience rapid temperature increases with a high risk of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway, and water mist has been considered as one of the most effective cooling strategies. The water mist field can be impacted by the safety valve airflow, [...] Read more.
Lithium-ion batteries experience rapid temperature increases with a high risk of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway, and water mist has been considered as one of the most effective cooling strategies. The water mist field can be impacted by the safety valve airflow, subsequently affecting the cooling characteristics. In this paper, the water mist nozzle with a fixed working pressure is located 1 m above the 100 Ah LiFePO4 battery to suppress the thermal runaway, and the cooling characteristics under various stages have been compared and analyzed. The results show that the development of thermal runaway can be inhibited before thermal runaway is initiated, and the water mist presents a better cooling effect after the battery safety valve is opened. The critical accumulation heat density of 155 kJ/kg has been identified, which is the threshold for thermal runaway suppression. The confrontation between water mist and the flame has been analyzed, and the water mist droplets cannot fall on the battery surface, resulting in a poor cooling rate of 0.57 kW. This means the suppression effect of water mist will be affected by the airflow impact of the safety valve. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metal-Ion Batteries)
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13 pages, 6033 KiB  
Article
Preparation of a Flexible Reduced Graphene Oxide-Si Composite Film and Its Application in High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries
by Zhaoyun Chu, Xiangchuan Zhao, Qi Wang, Tianshuang Bao, Hongxiang Li, Yue Cao, Boming Zhang, Jun Cao and Weimeng Si
Crystals 2023, 13(3), 547; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030547 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1884
Abstract
This paper describes a strategy for preparing free-standing reduced graphene oxide@Si nanoparticles (rGO@Si NPs) composite membranes. Graphene oxide (GO) was reduced and self-assembled synchronously with nanoparticles of silicon (Si NPs) on a metal surface and the composite film was subsequently used in a [...] Read more.
This paper describes a strategy for preparing free-standing reduced graphene oxide@Si nanoparticles (rGO@Si NPs) composite membranes. Graphene oxide (GO) was reduced and self-assembled synchronously with nanoparticles of silicon (Si NPs) on a metal surface and the composite film was subsequently used in a lithium-ion battery (LIB). This work describes several important novel aspects of the reported technology. Firstly, the composite membrane has a flexible self-supporting structure, allowing it to function as an anode material without requiring binders and current collectors. Secondly, the successful assembly of Si NPs and reduced Graphene oxide (rGO) sheets has enabled the production of the rGO@Si NPs composite film with high controllability and orderliness. Thirdly, the conductive nature of graphene has significantly decreased the resistivity while enhancing the electron transport capacity of the battery anode. Lastly, the robust and flexible structure of the graphene sheet has greatly mitigated the large volume variation in Si NPs during charging or discharging, resulting in the rGO@Si NPs composite film exhibiting excellent energy density and high-power density. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metal-Ion Batteries)
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Review

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11 pages, 1522 KiB  
Review
Metal-Ion Batteries: Achievements, Challenges, and Prospects
by Maryam Sadat Kiai, Omer Eroglu and Navid Aslfattahi
Crystals 2023, 13(7), 1002; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13071002 - 23 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1893
Abstract
A new type of battery known as metal-ion batteries promises better performance than existing batteries. In terms of energy storage, they could prove useful and eliminate some of the problems existing batteries face. This review aims to help academics and industry work together [...] Read more.
A new type of battery known as metal-ion batteries promises better performance than existing batteries. In terms of energy storage, they could prove useful and eliminate some of the problems existing batteries face. This review aims to help academics and industry work together better. It will propose ways to measure the performance of metal-ion batteries using important factors such as capacity, convertibility, Coulombic efficiency, and electrolyte consumption. With the development of technology, a series of metal ion-based batteries are expected to hit the market. This review presents the latest innovative research findings on the fabrication of metal-ion batteries with new techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Metal-Ion Batteries)
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