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Crystals
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Ni (Co)-Based Superalloys
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Ni (Co)-Based Superalloys

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 4630

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rui Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
Interests: Ni (Co)-based superalloys; superplasticity; deformation mechanisms; intermediate temperature embrittlement; alloy design; service performance; thermomechanical treatment
Dr. Shaomin Lv

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced High Temperature Materials, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: Ni-based superalloys; alloys design; deformation mechanisms; recrystallization; thermomechanical treatment; superplasticity; heat treatment; intermediate temperature embrittlement; service performance
Dr. Xiaowei Lei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lab of Phase Transformation and Advanced Materials, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: Ni-based superalloys; corrosion; additive manufacturing; laser welding/cladding; heat treatment; mechanical properties

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aeroengines are known as the crown jewel of the aeronautic industry. Superalloys account for about 50% of aeroengines’ total weight; therefore, the development of superalloys has become critical for industrial applications. The hot-end components of aeroengines, such as the combustion chamber, guide, turbine blade and turbine disk, are prepared from Ni (Co)-based superalloys. Improving the comprehensive properties of superalloys can effectively improve the combustion rate and thrust weight ratio of aeroengines. Hence, the scientific challenges presented by the design and preparation of new high-performance Ni (Co)-based superalloys are still a hot topic for research.

Through high-throughput calculation considering the relationship among the composition, preparation, microstructure and properties, the design efficiency of alloys can be significantly improved. For example, an improved understanding of deformation mechanisms can solve the low plasticity of hard-to-deform superalloys during hot wrought, eliminate or delay the medium temperature brittleness and allow alloys to obtain an improved strengthening effect; applying stable interfaces (including phase boundary and grain boundary) can enhance alloys’ creep resistance and high-temperature thermal stability; and research on fatigue deformation characteristics and microstructure evolution can help solve alloy fatigue failure, and insights into the high-temperature corrosion and electrochemical corrosion behaviors will aid the understanding and optimization of service performance in harsh environments.

This Special Issue seeks original contributions and review papers on topics related to Ni (Co)-based superalloys covering their design, preparation, properties and applications in various fields. Reports on new alloys, new theories and new processes, as well as the advanced characterization of microstructures, are especially welcome.

This series will summarize the latest technologies in the field of Ni (Co)-based superalloys to provide a novel resource informing the design and preparation of Ni (Co)-based superalloys.

Dr. Rui Zhang
Dr. Shaomin Lv
Dr. Xiaowei Lei
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Ni (Co)-based superalloys
  • deformation mechanisms
  • recrystallization
  • solution and aging treatments
  • creep behavior
  • low cycle fatigue
  • microstructure stability
  • intermediate temperature embrittlement
  • corrosion

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 28107 KiB  
Article
Solidification Segregation Behavior and Homogenization Process of a Difficult-to-Deform Superalloy Used at 850 °C
by Wenbin Tai, Rui Zhang, Chuanyong Cui, Zijian Zhou, Yizhou Zhou and Xiaofeng Sun
Crystals 2023, 13(11), 1582; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13111582 - 14 Nov 2023
Viewed by 859
Abstract
Solidification segregation behavior and homogenization heat treatment processes of a difficult-to-deform superalloy for use at 850 °C were studied. Additionally, the effect of carbon content on homogenization, the thermal treatment process, and pore growth behavior within the alloy were discussed. Our results revealed [...] Read more.
Solidification segregation behavior and homogenization heat treatment processes of a difficult-to-deform superalloy for use at 850 °C were studied. Additionally, the effect of carbon content on homogenization, the thermal treatment process, and pore growth behavior within the alloy were discussed. Our results revealed that Al, Ti, and Nb elements are distributed in the interdendritic space, while W and Mo elements are distributed in the dendrite. There is a significant quantity of γ-γ′ eutectic and MC carbide precipitates in the interdendritic space. Notably, for the alloy containing 0.1 wt% C, a homogenization heat treatment at 1200 °C for 48 h can effectively eliminate the segregation and undesirable phases. As carbon content increased, the γ-γ′ eutectic phases diminished, and the homogenization time decreased accordingly. In this context, pores are smaller and more dispersed, which may enhance alloy forging properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ni (Co)-Based Superalloys)
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12 pages, 4793 KiB  
Article
Research on the Melt Pool Shape Formation Mechanism of the Laser Surface Remelting of Nickel-Based Single-Crystal Superalloy
by Ruining Yang, Wenjin Chen, Linfeng Tang, Jincen Ma, Qingrong Zhou, Xiaowei Lei, Wenjing Yao and Nan Wang
Crystals 2023, 13(8), 1162; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13081162 - 26 Jul 2023
Viewed by 784
Abstract
By numerical simulation and experimental analysis, the melt pool shapes for the laser surface remelting of nickel-based single-crystal superalloy under different processing parameters are investigated. The results show that heat conduction and heat convection work together to determine the formation of the melt [...] Read more.
By numerical simulation and experimental analysis, the melt pool shapes for the laser surface remelting of nickel-based single-crystal superalloy under different processing parameters are investigated. The results show that heat conduction and heat convection work together to determine the formation of the melt pool during the laser surface remelting, and the melt pool shape can be controlled by adjusting the laser power and laser scanning speed. For processing with large laser power and low scanning speed, the alloy vaporizes in the melt pool, which makes the melt pool shape unstable. For laser surface remelting with smaller laser power or higher scanning speed, one can have a stable “ω” shape melt pool, which is because the Peclet number is large, and the heat convection plays the dominant role. For the condition with further smaller laser power or higher scanning speed, the Peclet number in the melt pool is much lower, and the heat convection is the weakest, which produces the semi-elliptical melt pool shape that has no essential difference from that of the pure heat conduction model. The present study offers theoretical support to our previous research and the future parameters selection of processing parameters for the laser repairing of nickel-based single-crystal superalloys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ni (Co)-Based Superalloys)
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11 pages, 4076 KiB  
Article
Comparative Investigation of the Undercooling Capacity and Single-Crystal Castability of Some Ni-Based Superalloys
by Dexin Ma, Yunxing Zhao, Weitai Xu, Fuze Xu, Jianhui Wei and Haijie Zhang
Crystals 2023, 13(1), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13010057 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1214
Abstract
The undercooling capacity of a superalloy is an essential physical property to determine its single-crystal (SC) castability, because stray grains (SGs) will be formed if the geometrical undercooling established at the platform extremities exceeds the undercooling capacity of the applied alloy. In the [...] Read more.
The undercooling capacity of a superalloy is an essential physical property to determine its single-crystal (SC) castability, because stray grains (SGs) will be formed if the geometrical undercooling established at the platform extremities exceeds the undercooling capacity of the applied alloy. In the present work, both the undercooling capacity of eight Ni-based superalloys and their SC castability were experimentally investigated. The liquidus temperature, the critical temperature for grain nucleation, and hence the undercooling capacities of the investigated alloys were evaluated based on the temperature evolution during the heating and cooling processes. The current experimental study revealed a significant difference in undercooling capacity for the superalloys. In the production of SC blade castings, the tendency to form SG defects was found to be highly related to the alloy’s undercooling capacity. The alloys having a low undercooling capacity of around 10 K were very prone to the formation of SGs. In comparison, the alloys with a moderate undercooling capacity from 20 K to 30 K could be easily cast into SC blades without SGs, exhibiting the best SC castability. Other factors influencing the SG formation were also analyzed. As a result, a criterion for the formation of geometry-related SG defects was proposed, in which the influence of the alloy undercooling capacity, casting geometry, and solidification condition are involved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ni (Co)-Based Superalloys)
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12 pages, 6416 KiB  
Article
Grain Boundary Engineering and Its Effect on Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of a Ni-Cr-Mo Based C276 Superalloy
by Chi Zhang, Ling Lin, Renchao Chen, Liwen Zhang and Zhiwen Shao
Crystals 2022, 12(11), 1625; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111625 - 13 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1296
Abstract
A Ni-Cr-Mo-based C276 superalloy was cold rolled to 5–40% and annealed at 1050 °C for 30 min. The microstructure and grain boundary character distribution after cold rolling and annealing were characterized. Grain refinement and a certain amount of coincident-site lattice (CSL) boundaries were [...] Read more.
A Ni-Cr-Mo-based C276 superalloy was cold rolled to 5–40% and annealed at 1050 °C for 30 min. The microstructure and grain boundary character distribution after cold rolling and annealing were characterized. Grain refinement and a certain amount of coincident-site lattice (CSL) boundaries were obtained through recrystallization. The fraction of CSL boundaries reached peak at the cold rolling of 15% and annealing at 1050 °C for 30 min, which was the critical condition for completed recrystallization. In addition, sensitization treatments and double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reaction (DL-EPR) tests were applied to the cold rolled and annealed samples. The samples with a high fraction of CSL boundaries showed higher intergranular corrosion resistance as compared to the ones with a low fraction of CSL boundaries. It implies that the intergranular corrosion resistance of C276 superalloy can be enhanced by optimizing the grain boundary structure through cold rolling and annealing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ni (Co)-Based Superalloys)
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