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10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023)

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A special issue of Computation (ISSN 2079-3197). This special issue belongs to the section "Computational Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 10687

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Prof. Dr. Ali Cemal Benim

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Center of Flow Simulation (CFS), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Duesseldorf University of Applied Sciences, D-40476 Duesseldorf, Germany
Interests: computational methods; combustion; fire; turbulence; multi-phase flows; environmental flow; fluid machinery; biofluid dynamics
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Prof. Dr. Rachid Bennacer

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CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), LMT (Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie—Labo. Méca. Tech.), Université Paris-Saclay, ENS (Ecole National Supérieure) Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Interests: energy; technical equipment; fluid mechanics
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Prof. Dr. Abdulmajeed A. Mohamad

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Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
Interests: energy; porous media; heat and mass transfer; computational
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Prof. Dr. Paweł Oclon

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Institute of Thermal Power Engineering, Politechnika Krakowska, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: power engineering; thermodynamics; heat transfer; inverse heat transfer problems; steam boiler dynamics; thermal stresses
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Prof. Dr. Sang-Ho Suh

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School of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
Interests: turbomachinery; biofluid dynamics; fluid mechanics

Prof. Dr. Jan Taler

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Institute of Thermal Power Engineering, Politechnika Krakowska, 31-864 Krakow, Poland
Interests: inverse problems of heat conduction; measurement of heat flux and heat transfer coefficient; modelling of slagging and fouling processes of power boiler heating surfaces; dynamics of large steam boilers; numerical modelling of steam super-heaters in transient states; thermal stresses; monitoring of energy machinery and equipment including residual strength; heat exchangers; heat pumps; photovoltaic cells; renewable energy; renewable energy sources
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will publish a set of selected papers from the 14. International Conference on Computational Heat, Mass, and Momentum Transfer (ICCHMT 2023), which will be held 4–8 September 2023, in Düsseldorf, Germany (the deadline for abstract submissions is 26 May 2023). The selected papers will be published free of charge. There will also be an ICCHMT-Computation Best Paper Award. You are invited to submit a contribution to the conference for consideration and possible publication in this Special Issue.

Topics of the conferences include, but are not limited to, the following:

Advanced numerical methods;
Aeronautical and space applications;
Bio-fluidics and biomedical engineering;
Bio-inspired flow and heat transfer;
Building-integrated energy and power systems;
Complex chemical reaction modeling;
Compressible flows;
Computational thermal fluid dynamics;
Convection and buoyancy-driven flows;
Double diffusive convetion;
Energy-saving process;
Fluid flow and heat transfer in biomedical devices and biotechnology;
Fluid machinery;
Granular flows;
Heat and mass transfer in energy systems;
Heat and mass transfer in manufacturing and materials processing;
Heat and mass transfer in nuclear applications;
Heat and mass transfer in particle-laden flows;
Heat exchangers/heat pipe;
Internal flow and heat transfer;
Micro-/nano-heat and mass transfer;
Mixing devices and phenomena;
Multi-phase flows;
Optimization in thermal engineering;
Reactive flows and combustion;
Thermal flow visualization;
Thermal fluid machinery;
Thermal heat fluxes;
Transport phenomena in porous media;
Urban energy flows.

For detailed information on all further aspects of the conference, including the dates, keynote speakers, committes, registration, and accomodation, please check the conference website at http://www.icchmt2023.de/.

(in alphabetic order)

Prof. Dr. Ali Cemal Benim
Prof. Dr. Rachid Bennacer
Prof. Dr. Abdulmajeed A. Mohamad
Prof. Dr. Paweł Oclon
Prof. Dr. Sang-Ho Suh
Prof. Dr. Jan Taler
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Computation is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

numerical methods
engineering applications
fluid flow
heat transfer
mass transfer

Published Papers (10 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6787 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Implementation of LASER Beam Welding Simulation on Graphics Processing Unit Using CUDA

by Ernandes Nascimento, Elisan Magalhães, Arthur Azevedo, Luiz E. S. Paes and Ariel Oliveira

Computation 2024, 12(4), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12040083 - 17 Apr 2024

Viewed by 245

Abstract

The maximum number of parallel threads in traditional CFD solutions is limited by the Central Processing Unit (CPU) capacity, which is lower than the capabilities of a modern Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). In this context, the GPU allows for simultaneous processing of several parallel threads with double-precision floating-point formatting. The present study was focused on evaluating the advantages and drawbacks of implementing LASER Beam Welding (LBW) simulations using the CUDA platform. The performance of the developed code was compared to that of three top-rated commercial codes executed on the CPU. The unsteady three-dimensional heat conduction Partial Differential Equation (PDE) was discretized in space and time using the Finite Volume Method (FVM). The Volumetric Thermal Capacitor (VTC) approach was employed to model the melting-solidification. The GPU solutions were computed using a CUDA-C language in-house code, running on a Gigabyte Nvidia GeForce RTX^™ 3090 video card and an MSI 4090 video card (both made in Hsinchu, Taiwan), each with 24 GB of memory. The commercial solutions were executed on an Intel^® Core^™ i9-12900KF CPU (made in Hillsboro, Oregon, United States of America) with a 3.6 GHz base clock and 16 cores. The results demonstrated that GPU and CPU processing achieve similar precision, but the GPU solution exhibited significantly faster speeds and greater power efficiency, resulting in speed-ups ranging from 75.6 to 1351.2 times compared to the CPU solutions. The in-house code also demonstrated optimized memory usage, with an average of 3.86 times less RAM utilization. Therefore, adopting parallelized algorithms run on GPU can lead to reduced CFD computational costs compared to traditional codes while maintaining high accuracy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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14 pages, 2643 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Air–Water Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Analysis in Complex U-Bend Systems through Numerical Modeling

by Ergin Kükrer and Nurdil Eskin

Computation 2024, 12(4), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12040081 - 12 Apr 2024

Viewed by 360

Abstract

This study aims to provide insights into the intricate interactions between gas and liquid phases within flow components, which are pivotal in various industrial sectors such as nuclear reactors, oil and gas pipelines, and thermal management systems. Employing the Eulerian–Eulerian approach, our computational model incorporates interphase relations, including drag and non-drag forces, to analyze phase distribution and velocities within a complex U-bend system. Comprising two horizontal-to-vertical bends and one vertical 180-degree elbow, the U-bend system’s behavior concerning bend geometry and airflow rates is scrutinized, highlighting their significant impact on multiphase flow dynamics. The study not only presents a detailed exposition of the numerical modeling techniques tailored for this complex geometry but also discusses the results obtained. Detailed analyses of local void fraction and phase velocities for each phase are provided. Furthermore, experimental validation enhances the reliability of our computational findings, with close agreement observed between computational and experimental results. Overall, the study underscores the efficacy of the Eulerian approach with interphase relations in capturing the complex behavior of the multiphase flow in U-bend systems, offering valuable insights for hydraulic system design and optimization in industrial applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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21 pages, 8544 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Performance Rating and Flow Analysis of an Experimental Airborne Drag-Type VAWT Employing Rotating Mesh

by Doğan Güneş and Ergin Kükrer

Computation 2024, 12(4), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12040077 - 08 Apr 2024

Viewed by 495

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a performance analysis conducted on an experimental airborne vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT), specifically focusing on the MAGENN Air Rotor System (MARS) project. During its development phase, the company claimed that MARS could generate a power output of 100 kW under wind velocities of 12 m/s. However, no further information or numerical models supporting this claim were found in the literature. Extending our prior conference work, the main objective of our study is to assess the accuracy of the stated rated power output and to develop a comprehensive numerical model to analyze the airflow dynamics around this unique airborne rotor configuration. The innovative design of the solid model, resembling yacht sails, was developed using images in the related web pages and literature, announcing the power coefficient (Cp) as 0.21. In this study, results cover 12 m/s wind and flat terrain wind velocities (3, 5, 6, and 9 m/s) with varying rotational velocities. Through meticulous calculations for the atypical blade design, optimal rotational velocities and an expected Tip Speed Ratio (TSR) of around 1.0 were determined. Introducing the Centroid Speed Ratio (CSR), which is the ratio of the sail blade centroid and the superficial wind velocities for varied wind speeds, the findings indicate an average power generation potential of 90 kW at 1.4 rad/s for 12 m/s and approximately 16 kW at a 300 m altitude for a 6 m/s wind velocity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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27 pages, 853 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Overlapping Grid-Based Spectral Collocation Technique for Bioconvective Flow of MHD Williamson Nanofluid over a Radiative Circular Cylindrical Body with Activation Energy

by Musawenkosi Patson Mkhatshwa

Computation 2024, 12(4), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12040075 - 05 Apr 2024

Viewed by 369

Abstract

The amalgamation of motile microbes in nanofluid (NF) is important in upsurging the thermal conductivity of various systems, including micro-fluid devices, chip-shaped micro-devices, and enzyme biosensors. The current scrutiny focuses on the bioconvective flow of magneto-Williamson NFs containing motile microbes through a horizontal circular cylinder placed in a porous medium with nonlinear mixed convection and thermal radiation, heat sink/source, variable fluid properties, activation energy with chemical and microbial reactions, and Brownian motion for both nanoparticles and microbes. The flow analysis has also been considered subject to velocity slips, suction/injection, and heat convective and zero mass flux constraints at the boundary. The governing equations have been converted to a non-dimensional form using similarity variables, and the overlapping grid-based spectral collocation technique has been executed to procure solutions numerically. The graphical interpretation of various pertinent variables in the flow profiles and physical quantities of engineering attentiveness is provided and discussed. The results reveal that NF flow is accelerated by nonlinear thermal convection, velocity slip, magnetic fields, and variable viscosity parameters but decelerated by the Williamson fluid and suction parameters. The inclusion of nonlinear thermal radiation and variable thermal conductivity helps to enhance the fluid temperature and heat transfer rate. The concentration of both nanoparticles and motile microbes is promoted by the incorporation of activation energy in the flow system. The contribution of microbial Brownian motion along with microbial reactions on flow quantities justifies the importance of these features in the dynamics of motile microbes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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32 pages, 7198 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Boundary Layer Stagnation Point Flow and Heat Transfer over a Nonlinear Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes: Numerical Analysis and Response Surface Methodology under the Influence of Magnetohydrodynamics

by Nazrul Azlan Abdul Samat, Norfifah Bachok and Norihan Md Arifin

Computation 2024, 12(3), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12030046 - 03 Mar 2024

Viewed by 864

Abstract

The present study aims to offer new numerical solutions and optimisation strategies for the fluid flow and heat transfer behaviour at a stagnation point through a nonlinear sheet that is expanding or contracting in water-based hybrid nanofluids. Most hybrid nanofluids typically use metallic nanoparticles. However, we deliver a new approach by combining single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs-MWCNTs). The flow is presumptively steady, laminar, and surrounded by a constant temperature of the ambient and body walls. By using similarity variables, a model of partial differential equations (PDEs) with the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) effect on the momentum equation is converted into a model of non-dimensional ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Then, the dimensionless first-order ODEs are solved numerically using the MATLAB R2022b bvp4C program. In order to explore the range of computational solutions and physical quantities, several dimensionless variables are manipulated, including the magnetic parameter, the stretching/shrinking parameter, and the volume fraction parameters of hybrid and mono carbon nanotubes. To enhance the originality and effectiveness of this study for practical applications, we optimise the heat transfer coefficient via the response surface methodology (RSM). We apply a face-centred central composite design (CCF) and perform the CCF using Minitab. All of our findings are presented and illustrated in tabular and graphic form. We have made notable contributions in the disciplines of mathematical analysis and fluid dynamics. From our observations, we find that multiple solutions appear when the magnetic parameter is less than 1. We also detect double solutions in the shrinking region. Furthermore, the increase in the magnetic parameter and SWCNTs-MWCNTs volume fraction parameter increases both the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number. To compare the performance of hybrid nanofluids and mono nanofluids, we note that hybrid nanofluids work better than single nanofluids both in skin friction and heat transfer coefficients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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17 pages, 5592 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Varied Cross-Sectional Areas in Sleep Apnea Individuals across Diverse Situations

by W. M. Faizal, C. Y. Khor, Suhaimi Shahrin, M. H. M. Hazwan, M. Ahmad, M. N. Misbah and A. H. M. Haidiezul

Computation 2024, 12(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12010016 - 17 Jan 2024

Viewed by 1307

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common medical condition that impacts a significant portion of the population. To better understand this condition, research has been conducted on inhaling and exhaling breathing airflow parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. A steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) approach and an SST turbulence model have been utilized to simulate the upper airway airflow. A 3D airway model has been created using advanced software such as the Materialize Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) and ANSYS. The aim of the research was to fill this gap by conducting a detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to investigate the influence of cross-sectional areas on airflow characteristics during inhale and exhale breathing in OSA patients. The lack of detailed understanding of how the cross-sectional area of the airways affects OSA patients and the airflow dynamics in the upper airway is the primary problem addressed by this research. The simulations revealed that the cross-sectional area of the airway has a notable impact on velocity, Reynolds number, and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). TKE, which measures turbulence flow in different breathing scenarios among patients, could potentially be utilized to assess the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This research found a vital correlation between maximum pharyngeal turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and cross-sectional areas in OSA patients, with a variance of 29.47%. Reduced cross-sectional area may result in a significant TKE rise of roughly 10.28% during inspiration and 10.18% during expiration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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16 pages, 7982 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hydraulic Performance Optimization of a Submersible Drainage Pump

by Md Rakibuzzaman, Sang-Ho Suh, Hyung-Woon Roh, Kyung Hee Song, Kwang Chul Song and Ling Zhou

Computation 2024, 12(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12010012 - 10 Jan 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1457

Abstract

Small submersible drainage pumps are used to discharge leaking water and rainwater in buildings. In an emergency (e.g., heavy rain or accident), advance monitoring of the flow rate is essential to enable optimal operation, considering the point where the pump operates abnormally when the water level is increased rapidly. Moreover, pump performance optimization is crucial for energy-saving policy. Therefore, it is necessary to meet the challenges of submersible pump systems, including sustainability and pump efficiency. The final goal of this study was to develop an energy-saving and highly efficient submersible drainage pump capable of performing efficiently in emergencies. In particular, this paper targeted the hydraulic performance improvement of a submersible drainage pump model. Prior to the development of driving-mode-related technology capable of emergency response, a way to improve the performance characteristics of the existing submersible drainage pump was found. Disassembling of the current pump followed by reverse engineering was performed instead of designing a new pump. Numerical simulation was performed to analyze the flow characteristics and pump efficiency. An experiment was carried out to obtain the performance, and it was validated with numerical results. The results reveal that changing the cross-sectional shape of the impeller reduced the flow separation and enhanced velocity and pressure distributions. Also, it reduced the power and increased efficiency. The results also show that the pump’s efficiency was increased to 5.56% at a discharge rate of 0.17 m³/min, and overall average efficiency was increased to 6.53%. It was concluded that the submersible pump design method is suitable for the numerical designing of an optimized pump’s impeller and casing. This paper provides insight on the design optimization of pumps. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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15 pages, 5308 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analytical and Numerical Investigation of Two-Dimensional Heat Transfer with Periodic Boundary Conditions

by İrem Bağlan and Erman Aslan

Computation 2024, 12(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation12010011 - 10 Jan 2024

Viewed by 1331

Abstract

A two-dimensional heat diffusion problem with a heat source that is a quasilinear parabolic problem is examined analytically and numerically. Periodic boundary conditions are employed. As the problem is nonlinear, Picard’s successive approximation theorem is utilized. We demonstrate the existence, uniqueness, and constant dependence of the solution on the data using the generalized Fourier method under specific conditions of natural regularity and consistency imposed on the input data. For the numerical solution, an implicit finite difference scheme is used. The results obtained from the analytical and numerical solutions closely match each other. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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16 pages, 5115 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modeling of Heat Flux in a Heating Furnace

by Augustín Varga, Ján Kizek, Miroslav Rimár, Marcel Fedák, Ivan Čorný and Ladislav Lukáč

Computation 2023, 11(7), 144; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation11070144 - 17 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1229

Abstract

Modern heating furnaces use combined modes of heating the charge. At high heating temperatures, more radiation heating is used; at lower temperatures, more convection heating is used. In large heating furnaces, such as pusher furnaces, it is necessary to monitor the heating of the material zonally. Zonal heating allows the appropriate thermal regime to be set in each zone, according to the desired parameters for heating the charge. The problem for each heating furnace is to set the optimum thermal regime so that at the end of the heating, after the material has been cross-sectioned, there is a uniform temperature field with a minimum temperature differential. In order to evaluate the heating of the charge, a mathematical model was developed to calculate the heat fluxes of the moving charge (slabs) along the length of the pusher furnace. The obtained results are based on experimental measurements on a test slab on which thermocouples were installed, and data acquisition was provided by a TERMOPHIL-stor data logger placed directly on the slab. Most of the developed models focus only on energy balance assessment or external heat exchange. The results from the model created showed reserves for changing the thermal regimes in the different zones. The developed model was used to compare the heating evaluation of the slabs after the rebuilding of the pusher furnace. Changing the furnace parameters and altering the heat fluxes or heating regimes in each zone contributed to more uniform heating and a reduction in specific heat consumption. The developed mathematical heat flux model is applicable as part of the powerful tools for monitoring and controlling the thermal condition of the charge inside the furnace as well as evaluating the operating condition of such furnaces. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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17 pages, 3031 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mathematical Model and Numerical Method of Calculating the Dynamics of High-Temperature Drying of Milled Peat for the Production of Fuel Briquettes

by Natalia Sorokova, Miroslav Variny, Yevhen Pysmennyy and Yuliia Kol’chik

Computation 2023, 11(3), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation11030053 - 06 Mar 2023

Viewed by 1185

Abstract

Milled peat must be dried for the production of peat fuel briquettes. The current trend in the creation of drying technologies is the intensification of the dehydration process while obtaining a high-quality final product. An increase in the temperature of the drying agent, above 300 °C, significantly accelerates the reaching of the final moisture content of the peat. In the final stage, it is also accompanied by partial thermal decomposition of the solid phase. Its first stage, which is the decomposition of hemicellulose, contributes to a decrease in weight and an increase in the caloric content of the dry residue. The development of high-temperature drying modes consists of determining the temperature and velocity of the drying agent, wherein the duration of the material reaching the equilibrium moisture content will be minimal and the temperature of the material will not rise above the second-stage decomposition temperature of cellulose. This problem can be solved by the mathematical modeling of the dynamics of peat particles drying in the flow. The article presents a mathematical model of heat and mass transfer, phase transitions, and shrinkage during the dehydration of milled peat particles. The equations of the mathematical model were built based on the differential equation of mass transfer in open deformable systems, which, in the absence of deformations, turns into the known equation of state. A numerical method for implementing a mathematical model has been developed. The adequacy of the mathematical model is confirmed by comparing the results of numerical modeling with known experimental data. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Computation—Computational Heat and Mass Transfer (ICCHMT 2023))

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