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Clean Technol.
Special Issues
Decentralised Water Treatment Technologies
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Decentralised Water Treatment Technologies

A special issue of Clean Technologies (ISSN 2571-8797).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 6694

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Diganta B. Das

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Aeronautical, Automotive, Chemical and Materials Engineering (AACME), Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
Interests: water and soil security; wastewater treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kashyap Kumar Dubey

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
Interests: bioprocess engineering; wastewater treatment; metabolic Engineering
Dr. Lipika Deka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Monfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
Interests: concurrency control; cyber physical system; artificial intelligence; intelligent transportation system; software engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue (SI) entitled “Decentralised Water Treatment Technologies”.

Conventional water treatment technologies have traditionally relied on treating contaminated water in a treatment plant; for example, pipe networks or open channels are used for the transportation of contaminated water from its source for treatment at a particular point. However, the ever-increasing pressures due to energy costs, rapid urbanization, population growth, geo-political problems, aging water infrastructure and others raised serious concerns regarding the long-term viability of these “centralized systems” to provide the essential clean water. Consequently, decentralized systems where the water treatment plant itself has the flexibility to move to a source of contaminated water seem to be emerging as a solution of interest.

In this context, centralized systems refer to those water treatment plants/units where the ability of the systems to adapt to clean water requirements to the local needs and requirements is minimum. On the other hand, there is freedom and flexibility for a decentralized system to adapt its design and apply a “fit-for-purpose” approach which makes it possible to match the requirements for treating the contaminated water, keeping the end-users in mind. In principle, these decentralised water treatment systems can rely on any, or combination of, physical, chemical and biological principles for water treatment. However, several additional issues may be addressed before the implementation of these technologies (e.g., sensor telemetry for the monitoring of these systems, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven water quality monitoring).

In addressing these trends, we aim to publish this journal Special Issue on Decentralised Water Treatment Technologies.

We welcome your contributions on any topics that address or are related to the sub-topics shown below as keywords. Both review and research papers are welcome.

We look forward to your active participation in this endeavour, and receiving your contributions.

Dr. Diganta B. Das
Dr. Kashyap Kumar Dubey
Dr. Lipika Deka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Clean Technologies is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • decentralized water treatment technology involving any principle (e.g., physical, chemical and biological principles)
  • decentralised toxicity analysis of transformants
  • scale-up of decentralized water treatment technology
  • sensor telemetry for the monitoring of decentralized water treatment technology
  • robotics for the control and operation of decentralized water treatment technology
  • human–system interactions in decentralized water treatment technology
  • artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twinning (DT) in the design of decentralized water treatment technology
  • system of systems (SoSs) approaches in the design of decentralized water treatment technology
  • cyber-physical systems (CPSs) for decentralized water treatment technology
  • fault tolerance and risk analysis in decentralized water treatment technology
  • field implementation of decentralized water treatment technology (case studies)

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 5310 KiB  
Article
Treatment of Dark Humic Water Using Photocatalytic Advanced Oxidation (PAO) Processes under Visible and UV Light
by Alexandra Gordon, Mark C. Leaper, Herman Potgieter, Darlington Ashiegbu and Vusumuzi Sibanda
Clean Technol. 2023, 5(3), 852-865; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5030042 - 06 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1151
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the application of photocatalytic advanced oxidation (PAO) for the treatment of water contaminated with dark humic material from fynbos biome plants, which cannot be treated by conventional methods. The study used a fynbos species ( [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to investigate the application of photocatalytic advanced oxidation (PAO) for the treatment of water contaminated with dark humic material from fynbos biome plants, which cannot be treated by conventional methods. The study used a fynbos species (Aspalathus linearis) to create a model wastewater that was compared with a brew made from black tea (Camellia sinensis). Two photocatalysts (TiO2 and ZnO) and three light sources (natural, halogen light, and UV light) were tested, with and without hydrogen peroxide. The treatment of the two teas by only photolysis was observed to be minimal. The study found that natural sunlight was not effective, but a combination of ZnO and halogen lamp exhibited the best performance, with a 60% degradation in 20 min under solar irradiation. The optimum catalyst concentration was identified as 10 g/L for both photocatalysts. The influence of some process parameters showed that a combination of an optimum dose of 5 mM H2O2 and solar radiation improved the performance of TiO2 from 16 to 47%. The photocatalytic reaction data were fitted to the pseudo first and second-order kinetic models in order to exploit the kinetic process of the photo-destruction reaction. The kinetic fits showed that the degradation reaction better adhered to the second-order kinetic model when only ZnO and solar radiation were applied, regardless of the tea type employed. The application of PAO in this novel and cost-effective way has potential for the abatement of contaminated water to potable water. The use of heterojunction photocatalysts could be explored in future research to further improve the process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Decentralised Water Treatment Technologies)
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Review

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51 pages, 56823 KiB  
Review
Arsenic Removal by Adsorbents from Water for Small Communities’ Decentralized Systems: Performance, Characterization, and Effective Parameters
by Roya Sadat Neisan, Noori M. Cata Saady, Carlos Bazan, Sohrab Zendehboudi, Abbas Al-nayili, Bassim Abbassi and Pritha Chatterjee
Clean Technol. 2023, 5(1), 352-402; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5010019 - 06 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4721
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a poisonous and carcinogenic heavy metal, affects human health and the environment. Numerous technologies can remove As from drinking water. Adsorption is the most appealing option for decentralized water treatment systems (DWTS) for small communities and household applications because it is [...] Read more.
Arsenic (As), a poisonous and carcinogenic heavy metal, affects human health and the environment. Numerous technologies can remove As from drinking water. Adsorption is the most appealing option for decentralized water treatment systems (DWTS) for small communities and household applications because it is reliable, affordable, and environmentally acceptable. Sustainable low-cost adsorbents make adsorption more appealing for DWTS to address some of the small communities’ water-related issues. This review contains in-depth information on the classification and toxicity of As species and different treatment options, including ion exchange, membrane technologies, coagulation-flocculation, oxidation, and adsorption, and their effectiveness under various process parameters. Specifically, different kinetic and isotherm models were compared for As adsorption. The characterization techniques that determine various adsorbents’ chemical and physical characteristics were investigated. This review discusses the parameters that impact adsorption, such as solution pH, temperature, initial As concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. Finally, low-cost adsorbents application for the removal of As was discussed. Adsorption was found to be a suitable, cost-effective, and reliable technology for DWTS for small and isolated communities. New locally developed and low-cost adsorbents are promising and could support sustainable adsorption applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Decentralised Water Treatment Technologies)
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