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Special Issue "Focus on Molecular Basis of Cardiac Diseases"

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A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2023 | Viewed by 4025

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kevin Willy

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Guest Editor

Department for Cardiology II-Electrophysiology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
Interests: Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators; defibrillation; sudden cardiac death; catheter ablation; cardiac electrophysiologic; risk stratification for sudden cardiac death; biomarkers for development or progression of cardiac diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The diagnostic and therapeutic options in cardiovascular medicine are continuously improving. While the ability to help and protect patients using different devices has massively improved in recent years, risk stratification remains very difficult. Stepwise approaches combining different modalities such as ECG, imaging modalities and cardiac biomarkers are therefore of eminent importance. Furthermore, molecular pathways of many cardiac diseases and the modes of action of new drugs involved in cardiac metabolism have to be further elucidated.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to submit their work highlighting new pathways in cardiac metabolism explaining drug or intervention effects as well as biomarkers improving risk stratification for cardiac diseases, such as the development of arrhythmias or sudden cardiac death. All kinds of evidence are welcome, with the exception of case reports.

Dr. Kevin Willy
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

biomarkers
cardiac metabolism
risk stratification
sudden cardiac death
arrhythmias

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Open AccessCommunication

Antioxidant Flavonoid Diosmetin Is Cardioprotective in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction Induced by Beta 1-Adrenergic Receptors Activation

and

Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45(6), 4675-4686; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45060297 - 29 May 2023

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Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common and life-threatening manifestation of ischemic heart diseases (IHD). The most important risk factor for MI is hypertension. Natural products from medicinal plants have gained considerable attention globally due to their preventive and therapeutic effects. Flavonoids have been found to be efficacious in ischemic heart diseases (IHD) by alleviating oxidative stress and beta-1 adrenergic activation, but the mechanistic link is not clear. We hypothesized that antioxidant flavonoid diosmetin is cardioprotective in a rat model of MI induced by beta 1-adrenergic receptor activation. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the cardioprotective potential of diosmetin on isoproterenol-induced MI in rats by performing lead II electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac biomarkers including troponin I (cTnI) and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), CK-myocardial band, (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotranferase (AST) by using biolyzer 100, as well as histopathological analysis. We found that diosmetin (1 and 3 mg/kg) attenuated isoproterenol-induced elevation in the T-wave and deep Q-wave on the ECG, as well as heart-to-body weight ratio and infarction size. In addition, pretreatment with diosmetin attenuated the isoproterenol-induced increase in serum troponin I. These results demonstrate that flavonoid diosmetin may provide therapeutic benefit in myocardial infarction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Molecular Basis of Cardiac Diseases)

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Open AccessArticle

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) Haplotypes in Healthy Subjects from Worldwide Macroareas: A Population Genetics Perspective for Cardiovascular Disease, Neurodegeneration, and Dementia

Paolo Abondio

Francesco Bruno

and

Donata Luiselli

Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45(4), 2817-2831; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45040184 - 31 Mar 2023

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Abstract

Human APOE is a 299-amino acid long protein expressed and secreted in several tissues and body districts, where it exerts different functions mainly related to lipid metabolism, with specific activities around cholesterol transport and absorption/elimination. It has three main isoforms, determined by the pair of mutations rs7412-C/T and rs429358-C/T, which gives rise to the functionally different APOE variants ε2, ε3, and ε4. These have a distinct impact on lipid metabolism and are differentially implicated in Alzheimer’s disease and neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, and dyslipidemia. A plethora of other single nucleotide variants along the sequence of the APOE gene have been studied in cohorts of affected individuals, where they also modulate the influence of the three main isoforms to determine the risk of developing the disease. However, no contextual analysis of gene-long haplotypes has been carried out so far, and never extensively in cohorts of healthy individuals from different worldwide populations. Leveraging a rich population genomics dataset, this study elucidates the distribution of APOE variants and haplotypes that are shared across populations and to specific macroareas, revealing a variety of risk-allele associations that distinguish specific ancestral backgrounds and can be leveraged for specific ancestry-informed screenings in medicine and public health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Molecular Basis of Cardiac Diseases)

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Open AccessReview

The Link between Magnesium Supplements and Statin Medication in Dyslipidemic Patients

Roxana Nartea

Brindusa Ilinca Mitoiu

and

Ioana Ghiorghiu

Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45(4), 3146-3167; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45040205 - 05 Apr 2023

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Abstract

Many investigations have discovered a connection between statins and magnesium supplements. On one hand, increasing research suggests that chronic hypomagnesemia may be an important factor in the etiology of some metabolic illnesses, including obesity and overweight, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, alterations in lipid metabolism, and low-grade inflammation. Chronic metabolic problems seem to be prevented by a high Mg intake combined with diet and/or supplements. On the other hand, it is known that statins lower the frequency of cardiac events, stroke, and mortality, not by lowering LDL-C, but by the capacity to reduce mevalonate formation. That will enhance endothelial function, inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and encourage macrophages to promote plaque stability and regression while reducing inflammation. Taking these factors into consideration, we did an extensive analysis of the relevant literature, comparing the effects of Mg² and statin medications on lipoproteins and, implicitly, on the key enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Molecular Basis of Cardiac Diseases)

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Open AccessCase Report

A Novel Nonsense Pathogenic TTN Variant Identified in a Patient with Severe Dilated Cardiomyopathy

and

Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45(3), 2422-2430; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45030157 - 15 Mar 2023

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Abstract

Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy. Among the genes involved, TTN mutations, including truncated variants, explain 25% of DCM cases. We performed genetic counseling and analysis on a 57-year-old woman diagnosed with severe DCM and presenting relevant acquired risk factors for DCM (hypertension, diabetes, smoking habit, and/or previous alcohol and cocaine abuse) and with a family history of both DCM and sudden cardiac death. The left ventricular systolic function, as assessed by standard echocardiography, was 20%. The genetic analysis performed using TruSight Cardio panel, including 174 genes related to cardiac genetic diseases, revealed a novel nonsense TTN variant (TTN:c.103591A > T, p.Lys34531*), falling within the M-band region of the titin protein. This region is known for its important role in maintaining the structure of the sarcomere and in promoting sarcomerogenesis. The identified variant was classified as likely pathogenic based on ACMG criteria. The current results support the need of genetic analysis in the presence of a family history, even when relevant acquired risk factors for DCM may have contributed to the severity of the disease. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Molecular Basis of Cardiac Diseases)

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