Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Volume II

A special issue of Ceramics (ISSN 2571-6131).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 August 2023) | Viewed by 6154

Special Issue Editors

Laboratory of Composite Ceramic Materials, A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (IMET), Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
Interests: synthesis; nanoparticles; bioceramic; calcium phosphates; magnesium phosphates; additive manufacturing; zirconia; alumina
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
Interests: advanced processing of powder materials; field assisted sintering; sintering-assisted additive manufacturing; numerical and experimental methods in materials science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to recent advances in ceramic processing and sintering. Ceramic materials are characterized by unique properties and applied in infinite aspects of human life, from dentistry to aerospace production. The development of the design, composition, synthesis, formation, and sintering of functional ceramics and the investigation of the processing–structure–property relationship open broad opportunities for creating new and improved materials. Potential topics in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, modern approaches of obtaining powders; product formation, including additive manufacturing methods and ceramic injection molding technology; heat treatment, including hot isostatic pressing; and spark plasma sintering and post-processing operations. Studies incorporating innovative technology approaches of all ceramic types are welcome, including original articles, communications, and reviews.

Dr. Margarita A. Goldberg
Dr. Elisa Torresani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Ceramics is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • powder preparation
  • novel forming technologies
  • additive manufacturing
  • ceramic injection molding
  • sintering additives
  • hot isostatic pressing
  • spark plasma sintering
  • pulse electric current sintering
  • post-processing
  • thermal stability
  • phase transformation
  • phase equilibrium
  • microstructure
  • processing–structure–property relationships
  • phsyical–chemical properties
  • mechanical properties
  • biomedical properties
  • characterization techniques

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 9048 KiB  
Article
Hafnium-Zirconium Carbonitride (Hf,Zr)(C,N) by One Step Mechanically Induced Self-Sustaining Reaction: Powder Synthesis and Spark Plasma Sintering
by Irina Khadyrova, Veronika Suvorova, Andrey Nepapushev, Dmitrii Suvorov, Kirill Kuskov and Dmitry Moskovskikh
Ceramics 2023, 6(2), 1129-1138; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics6020067 - 17 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1286
Abstract
Nanostructured single-phase hafnium-zirconium carbonitride powders were synthesized using a simple and fast mechanochemical synthesis approach. The critical milling duration, after which a (Hf,Zr)(C,N) solid solution formation inside a jar occurred via mechanically induced self-sustained reaction (MSR), was 10 min. After 30 min of [...] Read more.
Nanostructured single-phase hafnium-zirconium carbonitride powders were synthesized using a simple and fast mechanochemical synthesis approach. The critical milling duration, after which a (Hf,Zr)(C,N) solid solution formation inside a jar occurred via mechanically induced self-sustained reaction (MSR), was 10 min. After 30 min of treatment, a solid-gas reaction was completed, and as a result, a homogeneous (Hf,Zr)(C,N) powder consisting of 10–500 nm submicron particles was obtained. The phase and structure evolution of the powders after different treatment durations allowed for the establishment of possible reaction mechanisms, which included the formation of Hf/Zr/C-layered composite particles, their interaction via MSR, and further grinding and nitridization. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to produce bulk hafnium-zirconium carbonitride ceramics from nanostructured powder. The sample had higher values of relative density, hardness, and fracture toughness than those for binary compounds of a similar composition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Volume II)
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16 pages, 12207 KiB  
Article
Water-Assisted Cold Sintering of Alumina Ceramics in SPS Conditions
by Anastasia A. Kholodkova, Maxim V. Kornyushin, Mikhail A. Pakhomov, Andrey V. Smirnov and Yurii D. Ivakin
Ceramics 2023, 6(2), 1113-1128; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics6020066 - 17 May 2023
Viewed by 1573
Abstract
A developing energy-saving approach of cold sintering in a pure aqueous medium was applied to the preparation of α-Al2O3 ceramics and performed on spark plasma sintering equipment. The initial γ-Al(OH)3 and γ-AlOOH powders and the cold-sintered ceramics were studied [...] Read more.
A developing energy-saving approach of cold sintering in a pure aqueous medium was applied to the preparation of α-Al2O3 ceramics and performed on spark plasma sintering equipment. The initial γ-Al(OH)3 and γ-AlOOH powders and the cold-sintered ceramics were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy to reveal the chemical and structural transformations they experienced during the cold sintering. At 450 °C and 70 MPa, initially γ-AlOOH transformed into a fragile α-Al2O3 material. Porous α-Al2O3 ceramics with about 60% porosity were obtained after cold sintering of γ-Al(OH)3 in the same conditions combined with subsequent annealing at 1250 °C for 3 h. The role of water molecules in the studied processes was considered as the enhancement of structural mobility in the cold-sintered material due to its reversible hydroxylation similar to earlier investigated supercritical water actions on the precursors during α-Al2O3 formation. Further improvement of the cold sintering setup and regimens would open prospects in α-Al2O3 ceramics manufacturing by an ecologically benign route. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Volume II)
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14 pages, 9060 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Mechanical Characteristics of Multicomponent Ceramic Solid Solutions of Rare Earth Metal Oxides Synthesized by the SCS Method
by Victor Zhuravlev, Larisa Ermakova, Rina Samigullina and Alexey Ermakov
Ceramics 2023, 6(2), 1017-1030; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics6020060 - 22 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1264
Abstract
A study into the use of the Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) method with glycine and citric acid to synthesize fine powders of multicomponent solid solutions of oxides of rare earth (RE) metals (Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, and Ho) for the preparation of [...] Read more.
A study into the use of the Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) method with glycine and citric acid to synthesize fine powders of multicomponent solid solutions of oxides of rare earth (RE) metals (Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, and Ho) for the preparation of ceramic materials is presented. Synthesis parameters of 4-, 5-, and 6-component entropy-stabilized rare earth oxides (REOs) with a C-type cubic structure are determined. The stability of entropy-stabilized oxides (ESOs) with a C-type structure is shown to depend not only on heavy RE metal quantity, but also on the rate of heating/cooling of the samples. The temperature of the polymorphic transformation of C-type REO structures into B-type (monoclinic) or H-type (hexagonal) structural variants can be described by the equation T (°C) = 0.0214Vcr2 − 62.737Vcr + 46390, where Vcr is the unit cell volume of an oxide with a C-type structure regardless of the number of cations in the solid solution. High-temperature thermal analysis up to 1250 °C revealed that dispersed powders, which contain impurities of basic carbonates along with hydroxocarbonates of RE metals and X-ray amorphous carbon formed during SCS reactions, also react with air moisture during storage. The influence of the ESO phase and cationic composition on the morphology, porosity and microhardness of ceramics was studied. Higher-entropy oxides form samples with higher density, microhardness and a smaller size of particle agglomerates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Volume II)
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Review

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30 pages, 6196 KiB  
Review
Zirconia-Based Ceramics Reinforced by Carbon Nanotubes: A Review with Emphasis on Mechanical Properties
by Soukaina Lamnini, Diego Pugliese and Francesco Baino
Ceramics 2023, 6(3), 1705-1734; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics6030105 - 06 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1541
Abstract
This review outlines the state of the art, processing techniques, and mechanical testing methods of zirconia (ZrO2)-based composites reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The use of CNTs as a secondary phase in a zirconia matrix is motivated by their outstanding crack [...] Read more.
This review outlines the state of the art, processing techniques, and mechanical testing methods of zirconia (ZrO2)-based composites reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The use of CNTs as a secondary phase in a zirconia matrix is motivated by their outstanding crack self-healing ability, the possibility to tailor the desired nano-structural properties, and their exceptional wear behavior. Therefore, a detailed investigation into CNT features has been provided. The debate of using the different Vickers indentation fracture toughness equations to estimate the resistance of crack propagation was critically reviewed according to crack characteristics. Finally, this review particularly highlights the exceptional role of ZrO2-based composites as a promising material owing to their outstanding tribo-mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Volume II)
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