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Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory...
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Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory of Prof. Camillo Golgi

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2023) | Viewed by 14948

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Alexandru Vladimir Ciurea

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
2. Department of Neurosurgery and Scientific Director at the Sanador Clinical Hospital, 70000 Bucharest, Romania
3. Medical Section within the Romanian Academy, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: neurosurgery; high-grade gliomas; tumoral surgery; pediatric neurosurgery; neuro-oncology; neurosciences; neurovascular pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vicentiu Mircea Saceleanu

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Guest Editor
Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitatea Lucian Blaga din Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
Interests: black reaction; nervous system; Golgi
Horia-Petre Costin

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Guest Editor Assistant
Romanian Academy, Sanador Clinical Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: black reaction; nervous system; Golgi
Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc

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Guest Editor Assistant
Romanian Academy, Sanador Clinical Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Alexandria, Romania
Interests: black reaction; nervous system; Golgi
Luca-Andrei Glavan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Romanian Academy, Sanador Clinical Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucuresti (Sector 6), Romania
Interests: black reaction; nervous system; Golgi

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Camillo Golgi is regarded as one of the most influential researchers to ever exist. His passion for science and medicine was transformed into revolutionary discoveries. The creation of the “Black Reaction” enabled him and Santiago Ramón y Cajal the privilege of studying neurons at a pace that was never seen before. Later, this led on to the debate on how the nervous system works, the “Reticular Theory” against “The Neural Theory”.

Discarded at first as being obsolete, the „Reticular Theory” made a comeback according to recent studies that prove Camillo Golgi right regarding most of his views about the nervous system.  Other important breakthroughs of Camillo Golgi include: the description of the Golgi cell, the cycle of plasmodium, and a detailed observation of the juxtaglomerular apparatus. Moreover, the Italian researcher described the Golgi–Mazzoni corpuscles and the Golgi Apparatus. All things considered, Camillo Golgi was a brilliant personality who paved the way for modern medicine and science.

Prof. Dr. Alexandru Vladimir Ciurea
Dr. Vicentiu Mircea Saceleanu
Guest Editors
Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc
Horia-Petre Costin
Luca-Andrei Glavan
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Review

7 pages, 882 KiB  
Editorial
Camillo Golgi’s Impact on Malaria Studies
by Madalina Simoiu, Radu Codreanu, Antonio-Daniel Corlatescu, Andreeea Marilena Pauna and Suzana Elena Cilievici
Cells 2023, 12(17), 2156; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12172156 - 28 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1973
Abstract
Camillo Golgi was an esteemed Italian physician and biologist who made major advances in malaria research between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His groundbreaking contributions in histology, especially through the development of the Golgi staining technique, revolutionized our understanding of cell [...] Read more.
Camillo Golgi was an esteemed Italian physician and biologist who made major advances in malaria research between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His groundbreaking contributions in histology, especially through the development of the Golgi staining technique, revolutionized our understanding of cell structures—including Plasmodium parasites—through visualization. Golgi staining also allowed researchers to observe its complex life cycle while documenting it. His careful observations of malaria led to the identification and characterization of its various stages, both asexual forms within human red blood cells, as well as sexual forms carried by mosquito vectors. Golgi’s research highlighted the key role mosquitoes play in malaria transmission. He demonstrated the presence of Plasmodium sporozoites within the salivary glands of infected mosquitoes, providing insight into its life cycle and the dynamics of parasite transmission. His comprehensive approach contributed significantly to our understanding of malaria as a systemic illness, leading to subsequent research efforts within this field. The Golgi Protein complex is often located within the cis-Golgi of blood parasite life cycles and mosquito stages, indicating its possible role in optimizing asexual development during blood stages. Furthermore, its expression can be conditionally repressed or its gene can be inactivated to optimize this potential role in improving its functionality for optimizing sexual development during blood stages. Camillo Golgi remains one of the leading lights of malaria research today. His innovative staining techniques, detailed observations, and insightful interpretations have laid the groundwork for subsequent discoveries and advancements in malaria studies. By deciphering intricate parasite life cycle interactions with hosts, his work has provided invaluable insights into malaria biology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory of Prof. Camillo Golgi)
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6 pages, 751 KiB  
Editorial
An Important Step in Neuroscience: Camillo Golgi and His Discoveries
by Vicentiu Mircea Saceleanu, Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc, Horia-Petre Costin, Luca-Andrei Glavan and Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
Cells 2022, 11(24), 4112; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11244112 - 18 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2137
Abstract
Camillo Golgi (Figure 1) is one of the most prestigious personalities of modern medicine [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory of Prof. Camillo Golgi)
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Review

Jump to: Editorial

22 pages, 1804 KiB  
Review
The Golgi Apparatus: A Voyage through Time, Structure, Function and Implication in Neurodegenerative Disorders
by Aurel George Mohan, Bogdan Calenic, Nicu Adrian Ghiurau, Roxana-Maria Duncea-Borca, Alexandra-Elena Constantinescu and Ileana Constantinescu
Cells 2023, 12(15), 1972; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12151972 - 31 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4201
Abstract
This comprehensive review article dives deep into the Golgi apparatus, an essential organelle in cellular biology. Beginning with its discovery during the 19th century until today’s recognition as an important contributor to cell function. We explore its unique organization and structure as well [...] Read more.
This comprehensive review article dives deep into the Golgi apparatus, an essential organelle in cellular biology. Beginning with its discovery during the 19th century until today’s recognition as an important contributor to cell function. We explore its unique organization and structure as well as its roles in protein processing, sorting, and lipid biogenesis, which play key roles in maintaining homeostasis in cellular biology. This article further explores Golgi biogenesis, exploring its intricate processes and dynamics that contribute to its formation and function. One key focus is its role in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s, where changes to the structure or function of the Golgi apparatus may lead to their onset or progression, emphasizing its key importance in neuronal health. At the same time, we examine the intriguing relationship between Golgi stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, providing insights into their interplay as two major cellular stress response pathways. Such interdependence provides a greater understanding of cellular reactions to protein misfolding and accumulation, hallmark features of many neurodegenerative diseases. In summary, this review offers an exhaustive examination of the Golgi apparatus, from its historical background to its role in health and disease. Additionally, this examination emphasizes the necessity of further research in this field in order to develop targeted therapeutic approaches for Golgi dysfunction-associated conditions. Furthermore, its exploration is an example of scientific progress while simultaneously offering hope for developing innovative treatments for neurodegenerative disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory of Prof. Camillo Golgi)
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13 pages, 882 KiB  
Review
Golgi Apparatus Target Proteins in Gastroenterological Cancers: A Comprehensive Review of GOLPH3 and GOLGA Proteins
by Sandica Bucurica, Laura Gaman, Mariana Jinga, Andrei Adrian Popa and Florentina Ionita-Radu
Cells 2023, 12(14), 1823; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12141823 - 11 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1438
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in protein sorting, modification and trafficking within cells; its dysregulation has been implicated in various cancers including those affecting the GI tract. This review highlights two Golgi target proteins, namely GOLPH3 and GOLGA proteins, from this [...] Read more.
The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in protein sorting, modification and trafficking within cells; its dysregulation has been implicated in various cancers including those affecting the GI tract. This review highlights two Golgi target proteins, namely GOLPH3 and GOLGA proteins, from this apparatus as they relate to gastroenterological cancers. GOLPH3—a highly conserved protein of the trans-Golgi network—has become a key player in cancer biology. Abnormal expression of GOLPH3 has been detected in various gastrointestinal cancers including gastric, colorectal and pancreatic cancers. GOLPH3 promotes tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration and invasion via various mechanisms including activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway as well as altering Golgi morphology and vesicular trafficking. GOLGA family proteins such as GOLGA1 (golgin-97) and GOLGA7 (golgin-84) have also been implicated in gastroenterological cancers. GOLGA1 plays an essential role in protein trafficking within the Golgi apparatus and has been associated with poor patient survival rates and increased invasiveness; GOLGA7 maintains Golgi structure while having been shown to affect protein glycosylation processes. GOLPH3 and GOLGA proteins play a pivotal role in gastroenterological cancer, helping researchers unlock molecular mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets. Their dysregulation affects various cellular processes including signal transduction, vesicular trafficking and protein glycosylation, all contributing to tumor aggressiveness and progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory of Prof. Camillo Golgi)
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16 pages, 1000 KiB  
Review
The Polyvalent Role of CD30 for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
by Adrian Vasile Dumitru, Dana Antonia Țăpoi, Georgian Halcu, Octavian Munteanu, David-Ioan Dumitrascu, Mihail Constantin Ceaușu and Ancuța-Augustina Gheorghișan-Gălățeanu
Cells 2023, 12(13), 1783; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12131783 - 05 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1921
Abstract
CD30, also known as TNFRSF8 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8), is a protein receptor that is heavily glycosylated inside the Golgi apparatus, as well as a tumor marker that is found on the surface of specific cells in the body, including [...] Read more.
CD30, also known as TNFRSF8 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8), is a protein receptor that is heavily glycosylated inside the Golgi apparatus, as well as a tumor marker that is found on the surface of specific cells in the body, including certain immune cells and cancer ones. This review aims to shed light on the critical importance of CD30, from its emergence in the cell to its position in diagnosing various diseases, including Hodgkin lymphoma, where it is expressed on Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells, as well as embryonal carcinoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). In addition to its role in positive diagnosis, targeting CD30 has been a promising approach treating CD30-positive lymphomas, and there is ongoing research into the potential use of CD30-targeted therapies for autoimmune disorders. We aim to elaborate on CD30’s roles as a tumor marker, supporting thus the hypothesis that this receptor might be the aim of cytostatic treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory of Prof. Camillo Golgi)
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12 pages, 1531 KiB  
Review
Golgi’s Role in the Development of Possible New Therapies in Cancer
by Dragos-Bogdan Vlad, David-Ioan Dumitrascu and Alina-Laura Dumitrascu
Cells 2023, 12(11), 1499; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12111499 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2166
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is an important organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. It plays a vital role in the processing and sorting of proteins, lipids and other cellular components for delivery to their appropriate destinations within the cell or for secretion outside of [...] Read more.
The Golgi apparatus is an important organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. It plays a vital role in the processing and sorting of proteins, lipids and other cellular components for delivery to their appropriate destinations within the cell or for secretion outside of the cell. The Golgi complex also plays a role in the regulation of protein trafficking, secretion and post-translational modifications, which are significant in the development and progression of cancer. Abnormalities in this organelle have been observed in various types of cancer, although research into chemotherapies that target the Golgi apparatus is still in its early stages. There are a few promising approaches that are being investigated: (1) Targeting the stimulator of interferon genes protein: The STING pathway senses cytosolic DNA and activates several signaling events. It is regulated by numerous post-translational modifications and relies heavily on vesicular trafficking. Based on some observations which state that a decreased STING expression is present in some cancer cells, agonists for the STING pathway have been developed and are currently being tested in clinical trials, showing encouraging results. (2) Targeting glycosylation: Altered glycosylation, which refers to changes in the carbohydrate molecules that are attached to proteins and lipids in cells, is a common feature of cancer cells, and there are several methods that thwart this process. For example, some inhibitors of glycosylation enzymes have been shown to reduce tumor growth and metastasis in preclinical models of cancer. (3) Targeting Golgi trafficking: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the sorting and trafficking of proteins within the cell, and disrupting this process may be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer. The unconventional protein secretion is a process that occurs in response to stress and does not require the involvement of the Golgi organelles. P53 is the most frequently altered gene in cancer, dysregulating the normal cellular response to DNA damage. The mutant p53 drives indirectly the upregulation of the Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 55kDa (GRASP55). Through the inhibition of this protein in preclinical models, the reduction of the tumoral growth and metastatic capacity have been obtained successfully. This review supports the hypothesis that the Golgi apparatus may be the target of cytostatic treatment, considering its role in the molecular mechanisms of the neoplastic cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Reaction and Nervous System: An Honorary Issue in Memory of Prof. Camillo Golgi)
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