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The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem...
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The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Obesity and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Stem Cells".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2022) | Viewed by 8296

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Assia Eljaafari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. CarMeN Laboratory: Inserm U1060, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INRAE U1397, France
2. Hospices Civils de,69310 Pierre Bénite, France
Interests: mesenchymal stem cells; adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; chronic inflammatory diseases; immunomodulation; obesity; cancer; infection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mesenchymal stem cells, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs/ASCs) are adult stem cells with self-renewal and multipotency capacities. In addition, MSCs/ASCs display properties such as immunomodulation. These properties have led to numerous clinical trials aiming to repair tissues or organs, or to alleviate unwanted immune responses. However, in a pathological context, MSCs/ASCs may exhibit pro-inflammatory properties and lose their immunomodulatory capacities. One such example is given by obesity, in which ASC modify their cytokine secretion pattern towards a pro-inflammatory pattern, with interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and/or Tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion, and polarize adipose tissue infiltrating -T cells towards the Th17 subset, and/or -macrophages towards the M1 phenotype, promoting thus inflammation (cf graphical abstract). These opposing properties led to the classification of MSCs into two categories: pro-inflammatory MSCs (MSC1 or MSC1’) or anti-inflammatory MSCs (MSC2) depending on the microenvironment. The aim of this issue is to highlight the pathogenic role of MSCS/ASCs during obesity and/or other inflammatory diseases, in which obesity is known to major the risk of worsening, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, cancer, infections, or even other diseases.

The mechanisms leading to microenvironment-mediated changes in the MSC/ASC transcriptomic, cytokinic and/or functional profile will also be interesting to develop in this issue, as well as the putative drugs or nutriments able to restore MSC/ASC stemness and/or remedial functions.

Dr. Assia Eljaafari
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mesenchymal stem cells
  • adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
  • chronic inflammatory diseases
  • obesity

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3425 KiB  
Article
Smoking Suppresses the Therapeutic Potential of Adipose Stem Cells in Crohn’s Disease Patients through Epigenetic Changes
by Albert Boronat-Toscano, Irene Vañó, Diandra Monfort-Ferré, Margarita Menacho, Gemma Valldosera, Aleidis Caro, Beatriz Espina, Maria José Mañas, Marc Marti, Eloy Espin, Alfonso Saera-Vila and Carolina Serena
Cells 2023, 12(7), 1021; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12071021 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2206
Abstract
Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) who smoke are known to have a worse prognosis than never-smokers and a higher risk for post-surgical recurrence, whereas patients who quit smoking after surgery have significantly lower post-operative recurrence. The hypothesis was that smoking induces epigenetic changes [...] Read more.
Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) who smoke are known to have a worse prognosis than never-smokers and a higher risk for post-surgical recurrence, whereas patients who quit smoking after surgery have significantly lower post-operative recurrence. The hypothesis was that smoking induces epigenetic changes that impair the capacity of adipose stem cells (ASCs) to suppress the immune system. It was also questioned whether this impairment remains in ex-smokers with CD. ASCs were isolated from non-smokers, smokers and ex-smokers with CD and their interactions with immune cells were studied. The ASCs from both smokers and ex-smokers promoted macrophage polarization to an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, were not able to inhibit T- and B-cell proliferation in vitro and enhanced the gene and protein expression of inflammatory markers including interleukin-1b. Genome-wide epigenetic analysis using two different bioinformatic approaches revealed significant changes in the methylation patterns of genes that are critical for wound healing, immune and metabolic response and p53-mediated DNA damage response in ASCs from smokers and ex-smokers with CD. In conclusion, cigarette smoking induces a pro-inflammatory epigenetic signature in ASCs that likely compromises their therapeutic potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Obesity and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases)
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Review

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16 pages, 1367 KiB  
Review
Unraveling White Adipose Tissue Heterogeneity and Obesity by Adipose Stem/Stromal Cell Biology and 3D Culture Models
by Leandra S. Baptista, Karina R. Silva, Lara Jobeili, Lucile Guillot and Dominique Sigaudo-Roussel
Cells 2023, 12(12), 1583; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12121583 - 08 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2021
Abstract
The immune and endocrine dysfunctions of white adipose tissue are a hallmark of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In humans, white adipose tissue comprises distinct depots broadly distributed under the skin (hypodermis) and as internal depots (visceral). Depot-specific ASCs [...] Read more.
The immune and endocrine dysfunctions of white adipose tissue are a hallmark of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In humans, white adipose tissue comprises distinct depots broadly distributed under the skin (hypodermis) and as internal depots (visceral). Depot-specific ASCs could account for visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue properties, by regulating adipogenesis and immunomodulation. More importantly, visceral and subcutaneous depots account for distinct contributions to obesity and its metabolic comorbidities. Recently, distinct ASCs subpopulations were also described in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Interestingly, the superficial layer closer to the dermis shows hyperplastic and angiogenic capacities, whereas the deep layer is considered as having inflammatory properties similar to visceral. The aim of this focus review is to bring the light of recent discoveries into white adipose tissue heterogeneity together with the biology of distinct ASCs subpopulations and to explore adipose tissue 3D models revealing their advantages, disadvantages, and contributions to elucidate the role of ASCs in obesity development. Recent advances in adipose tissue organoids opened an avenue of possibilities to recreate the main cellular and molecular events of obesity leading to a deep understanding of this inflammatory disease besides contributing to drug discovery. Furthermore, 3D organ-on-a-chip will add reproducibility to these adipose tissue models contributing to their translation to the pharmaceutical industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Obesity and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases)
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24 pages, 1443 KiB  
Review
Pathogenic Role of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Obesity and Obesity-Related Inflammatory Diseases
by Julien Pestel, Ferdinand Blangero and Assia Eljaafari
Cells 2023, 12(3), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12030348 - 17 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3262
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are adult stem cells, endowed with self-renewal, multipotent capacities, and immunomodulatory properties, as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from other origins. However, in a pathological context, ASCs like MSCs can exhibit pro-inflammatory properties and attract inflammatory immune cells [...] Read more.
Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are adult stem cells, endowed with self-renewal, multipotent capacities, and immunomodulatory properties, as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from other origins. However, in a pathological context, ASCs like MSCs can exhibit pro-inflammatory properties and attract inflammatory immune cells at their neighborhood. Subsequently, this creates an inflammatory microenvironment leading to ASCs’ or MSCs’ dysfunctions. One such example is given by obesity where adipogenesis is impaired and insulin resistance is initiated. These opposite properties have led to the classification of MSCs into two categories defined as pro-inflammatory ASC1 or anti-inflammatory ASC2, in which plasticity depends on the micro-environmental stimuli. The aim of this review is to (i) highlight the pathogenic role of ASCs during obesity and obesity-related inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer; and (ii) describe some of the mechanisms leading to ASCs dysfunctions. Thus, the role of soluble factors, adhesion molecules; TLRs, Th17, and Th22 cells; γδ T cells; and immune checkpoint overexpression will be addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Obesity and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases)
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