Special Issue "Molecular Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases"

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cells of the Nervous System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2023 | Viewed by 6331

Special Issue Editor

Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
Interests: neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer’s disease; dementia; cell biology; molecular biology; ageing; therapeutics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative disorders/diseases is an umbrella term that refers to diseases of the nervous system. The main components of the nervous system are neurons and neuroglial cells. The functioning of these cells is paramount to the existence of life. Stress, toxins, lifestyle, environmental factors and genetics are a few of the numerous factors that can influence the cellular and molecular functioning of neurons and neuroglia. Recent advances in the fields of molecular biology, genomics and proteomics have provided significant insight into the functioning of the nervous system. Advances in technologies that garner information from the fields of bioinformatics and next generation and whole genome sequencing have added invaluable support in identifying ‘culprit’ genes and proteins. Using this information, scientists and clinicians have ventured into areas previously deemed ‘fiction’.

In this Special Issue, we aim to draw together research from experts in the field that highlight discoveries of novel molecular underpinnings of neurodegenerative diseases. These discoveries could lead to the identification of therapeutic agents and strategies and identify future directions that will lead to discoveries and therapies for neurological disorders. 

Dr. Damian Holsinger
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • Huntington’s disease
  • multiple system atrophy
  • Prion diseases
  • Synucleinopathies
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia
  • Frontotemporal Dementia

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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Article
Basal Ganglia Compensatory White Matter Changes on DTI in Alzheimer’s Disease
Cells 2023, 12(9), 1220; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12091220 - 23 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1011
Abstract
The volume reduction of the gray matter structures in patients with Alzheimer’s disease is often accompanied by an asymmetric increase in the number of white matter fibers located close to these structures. The present study aims to investigate the white matter structure changes [...] Read more.
The volume reduction of the gray matter structures in patients with Alzheimer’s disease is often accompanied by an asymmetric increase in the number of white matter fibers located close to these structures. The present study aims to investigate the white matter structure changes in the motor basal ganglia in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared to healthy controls using diffusion tensor imaging. The amounts of tracts, tract length, tract volume, quantitative anisotropy, and general fractional anisotropy were measured in ten patients with Alzheimer’s disease and ten healthy controls. A significant decrease in the number of tracts and general fractional anisotropy was found in patients with Alzheimer’s disease compared to controls in the right caudate nucleus, while an increase was found in the left and the right putamen. Further, a significant decrease in the structural volume of the left and the right putamen was observed. An increase in the white matter diffusion tensor imaging parameters in patients with Alzheimer’s disease was observed only in the putamen bilaterally. The right caudate showed a decrease in both the diffusion tensor imaging parameters and the volume in Alzheimer’s disease patients. The right pallidum showed an increase in the diffusion tensor imaging parameters but a decrease in volume in Alzheimer’s disease patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases)
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Article
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Reduces Pathology and Improves Cognition in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Cells 2023, 12(1), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010119 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2104
Abstract
Characterized by the presence of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no known treatment or cure. Global disease projections warrant an urgent and rapid therapeutic for the treatment of this devastating disease. Fecal microbiota [...] Read more.
Characterized by the presence of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no known treatment or cure. Global disease projections warrant an urgent and rapid therapeutic for the treatment of this devastating disease. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a widely accepted and safely used treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and other metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. FMT has also been demonstrated to be a possible AD therapeutic. We examined the potential of FMT for the treatment of AD in a robust, mouse model of the disease and report that a brief, 7-day treatment regimen demonstrated ‘plaque-busting’ and behavior-modifying effects in treated 5xFAD mice. Importantly, we show that donor age plays an important role in the efficacy of the treatment and these findings warrant further investigation in human trials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases)
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Review

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Review
Pharmacotherapy Evolution in Alzheimer’s Disease: Current Framework and Relevant Directions
Cells 2023, 12(1), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010131 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2445
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), once considered a rare disease, is now the most common form of dementia in the elderly population. Current drugs (cholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate antagonists) are safe but of limited benefit to most patients, offering symptomatic relief without successful cure of [...] Read more.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), once considered a rare disease, is now the most common form of dementia in the elderly population. Current drugs (cholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate antagonists) are safe but of limited benefit to most patients, offering symptomatic relief without successful cure of the disease. Since the last several decades, there has been a great need for the development of a treatment that might cure the underlying causes of AD and thereby slow its progression in vulnerable individuals. That is why phase I, II, and III studies that act on several fronts, such as cognitive improvement, symptom reduction, and enhancing the basic biology of AD, are imperative to stop the disease. This review discusses current treatment strategies, summarizing the clinical features and pharmacological properties, along with molecular docking analyses of the existing medications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases)
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