Chromatin Remodeling Control of Neural Development and Regeneration

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cells of the Nervous System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2023) | Viewed by 1083

Special Issue Editors

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
Interests: epigenetics; neural repair; brain tumors
Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
Interests: epigenetic regulation of gene expression in neural development and disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances have revealed that modification of the chromatin structure is an important determinant of neural cell development and function, as well as a determinant of the maintenance of brain health. Chromatin-modifying enzymes, through the regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, and histone post-translational modifications, are critical for gene transcriptional processes to control and maintain cell-type identity and functions. Aberrant epigenetic mechanisms exerted through chromatin modifications contribute to diverse facets of neurological diseases. In addition, the pro-regenerative program is likely silenced or repressed transcriptionally in adult neural cells, including neurons and glial cells, limiting the capacity for repair after injury in the central nervous system. Here, we present recent advances with a focus on chromatin modifications for transcriptional regulation in both cellular and developmental contexts. We discuss the contribution of chromatin modifications to various pathophysiological aspects of neurological diseases and the potential implications for therapeutic approaches.

Dr. Qing Richard Lu
Dr. Jiang Wu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chromatin remodeling
  • histone-modifying enzymes
  • neurodevelopmental disorders
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • neural repair

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 20409 KiB  
Article
PBAF Subunit Pbrm1 Selectively Influences the Transition from Progenitors to Pre-Myelinating Cells during Oligodendrocyte Development
by Vanessa Waldhauser, Tina Baroti, Franziska Fröb and Michael Wegner
Cells 2023, 12(12), 1556; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12121556 - 06 Jun 2023
Viewed by 885
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte development is accompanied by defined changes in the state of chromatin that are brought about by chromatin remodeling complexes. Many such remodeling complexes exist, but only a few have been studied for their impact on oligodendrocytes as the myelin-forming cells of the [...] Read more.
Oligodendrocyte development is accompanied by defined changes in the state of chromatin that are brought about by chromatin remodeling complexes. Many such remodeling complexes exist, but only a few have been studied for their impact on oligodendrocytes as the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system. To define the role of the PBAF remodeling complex, we focused on Pbrm1 as an essential subunit of the PBAF complex and specifically deleted it in the oligodendrocyte lineage at different times of development in the mouse. Deletion in late oligodendrocyte progenitor cells did not lead to substantial changes in the ensuing differentiation and myelination processes. However, when Pbrm1 loss had already occurred in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells shortly after their specification, fewer cells entered the pre-myelinating state. The reduction in pre-myelinating cells later translated into a comparable reduction in myelinating oligodendrocytes. We conclude that Pbrm1 and, by inference, the activity of the PBAF complex is specifically required at the transition from oligodendrocyte progenitor to pre-myelinating oligodendrocyte and ensures the generation of normal numbers of myelinating oligodendrocytes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chromatin Remodeling Control of Neural Development and Regeneration)
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