CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 19097

Special Issue Editors

Institute of Nanostructured Materials, Palermo Research Division, CNR - ISMN, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
Interests: synthesis; characterization and structure-activity relationship of supported noble metal (Pt, Pd, Au) for oxidation reactions; metal-support interaction in gold catalysts for low-temperature CO and VOCs oxidation; use of gold for hydrogen purification by selective oxidation of carbon monoxide (PROX); development of Pd and Au catalysts for abatement at low temperature of VOCs and methane emitted by mobile sources; synthesis and characterization of bimetallic Ni-Au catalysts for hydrocarbon steam reforming reaction and syngas production; optimization of Co-based catalysts composition and preparation method for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Interests: microwave-absorbing materials; oxides; nanomaterial synthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The present Special Issue aims to cover all the aspects related to CO2 recycling from the use of hybrid metal-free nanostructures (like POSS organic–inorganic hybrid molecules) able to convert CO2 into cyclic carbonates, to the production of renewable fuels through methanation, reforming reactions, and the photo-catalytic activation of CO2 over transition metal oxides and perovskites.

Growing concerns about the environmental impacts related to CO2 have led the scientific community to find new solutions for reducing its atmospheric concentration. Therefore, it is indubitable that the capture of CO2 coupled with its conversion into renewable energy vectors represents an appealing environmental solution that merits implementation.

For CO2 conversion reactions, catalyst performance represents a challenge to date. With respect to the selected catalytic reactions, the papers collected in the present Special Issue aim at understanding catalyst properties and possible reaction pathways through a knowledge-driven approach. The insight into the correlation between catalyst formulation, synthesis route parameters, structural features and catalytic performance will provide the opportunity for the fine-tuning of catalysts and ultimately of CO2 recycling.

Dr. Leonarda Francesca Liotta
Dr. Hongjing Wu
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

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5 pages, 198 KiB  
Editorial
CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design
by Leonarda Francesca Liotta and Hongjing Wu
Catalysts 2024, 14(1), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14010080 - 18 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 950
Abstract
Today, the problem of CO2 emission into the atmosphere is one of the most urgent and complex challenges facing humanity [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

26 pages, 5007 KiB  
Article
Theoretical Study on Epoxide Ring-opening in CO2/Epoxide Copolymerization Catalyzed by Bifunctional Salen-Type Cobalt(III) Complexes: Influence of Stereoelectronic Factors
by Karol Dyduch, Aleksandra Roznowska, Monika Srebro-Hooper, Bun Yeoul Lee and Artur Michalak
Catalysts 2021, 11(3), 328; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11030328 - 04 Mar 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2794
Abstract
Propylene oxide (PO) binding and ring-opening reaction with the bifunctional CO2/epoxide copolymerization catalyst, based on the Co(III)-salcy complex including two quaternary ammonium salts with n-butyl substituents (N+-chains) were investigated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and compared with [...] Read more.
Propylene oxide (PO) binding and ring-opening reaction with the bifunctional CO2/epoxide copolymerization catalyst, based on the Co(III)-salcy complex including two quaternary ammonium salts with n-butyl substituents (N+-chains) were investigated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and compared with the model systems without the N+-chains. The importance of the different possible stereoisomers and the stereoselectivity of these processes for (S)- and (R)-enantiomers of PO were considered. To explore the conformational space for the real catalyst, a complex approach, developed previously was applied. The calculations for the model systems directly demonstrate that PO-ring opening proceeds preferentially in trans catalysts’ configuration and no participation of cis-β isomers is viable; nucleophilic attack at the methylene-carbon atom is preferred over that at methine-carbon atom. For the real bifunctional catalyst, with the (S,S)-configuration of cyclohexane, the results indicate a preference of (R)-PO ring-opening over (S)-PO ring-opening (ca. 6:5). Concerning stereoisomers resulting from the orientation of N+-chains in the real catalyst, different groups of structures participate in the ring-opening reaction for (R)-PO, and different for (S)-PO. The high population of nonreactive complexes of (R)-PO may be the key factor responsible for decreasing the activity of the analyzed catalyst in the epoxide ring-opening reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design)
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10 pages, 5510 KiB  
Article
Highly Efficient Heterogeneous Pd@POPs Catalyst for the N-Formylation of Amine and CO2
by Guoqing Wang, Miao Jiang, Guangjun Ji, Zhao Sun, Lei Ma, Cunyao Li, Hong Du, Li Yan and Yunjie Ding
Catalysts 2021, 11(2), 220; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11020220 - 07 Feb 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2560
Abstract
Utilization of CO2 for the production of fine chemicals has become a research hotspot for a long time. In order to make use of CO2, we developed a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst (denoted as Pd@POPs) for the N-formylation reaction of [...] Read more.
Utilization of CO2 for the production of fine chemicals has become a research hotspot for a long time. In order to make use of CO2, we developed a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst (denoted as Pd@POPs) for the N-formylation reaction of amine and CO2 under mild conditions. The Pd catalyst was based on a porous organic polymer derived from the solvothermal polymerization of vinyl-functionalized PPh3. A series of characterizations and comparative experiments demonstrated that the Pd@POPs catalyst has high BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface areas, hierarchical pore structure, and uniform dispersion of Pd active sites resulting from the formation of strong coordination bonds between Pd species and P atoms in the porous organic polymer (POP) support. In addition to the excellent activity, the Pd@POPs catalyst shows good stability for the N-formylation reaction of amine and CO2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design)
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16 pages, 1676 KiB  
Article
Highly Active CO2 Fixation into Cyclic Carbonates Catalyzed by Tetranuclear Aluminum Benzodiimidazole-Diylidene Adducts
by Ángela Mesías-Salazar, Yersica Rios Yepes, Javier Martínez and René S. Rojas
Catalysts 2021, 11(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11010002 - 22 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2746
Abstract
A set of tetranuclear alkyl aluminum adducts 1 and 2 supported by benzodiimidazole-diylidene ligands L1, N,N’-(1,5-diisopropylbenzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)bis(propan-2-amine), and L2, N,N’-(1,5-dicyclohexyl-benzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)dicyclohexanamine were synthetized in exceptional yields and characterized by spectroscopic methods. These compounds were studied as catalysts for cyclic carbonate formation [...] Read more.
A set of tetranuclear alkyl aluminum adducts 1 and 2 supported by benzodiimidazole-diylidene ligands L1, N,N’-(1,5-diisopropylbenzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)bis(propan-2-amine), and L2, N,N’-(1,5-dicyclohexyl-benzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)dicyclohexanamine were synthetized in exceptional yields and characterized by spectroscopic methods. These compounds were studied as catalysts for cyclic carbonate formation (3a–o) from their corresponding terminal epoxides (2a–o) and carbon dioxide utilizing tetrabutylammonium iodide as a nucleophile in the absence of a solvent. The experiments were carried out at 70 °C and 1 bar CO2 pressure for 24 h and adduct 1 was the most efficient catalyst for the synthesis of a large variety of monosubstituted cyclic carbonates with excellent conversions and yields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design)
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18 pages, 7253 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Direct Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from CO2-Rich Syngas with Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 Catalysts Prepared by Continuous Co-Precipitation
by Sabrina Polierer, David Guse, Stefan Wild, Karla Herrera Delgado, Thomas N. Otto, Thomas A. Zevaco, Matthias Kind, Jörg Sauer, Felix Studt and Stephan Pitter
Catalysts 2020, 10(8), 816; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10080816 - 22 Jul 2020
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3975
Abstract
The manufacturing of technical catalysts generally involves a sequence of different process steps, of which co-precipitation is one of the most important. In this study, we investigate how continuous co-precipitation influences the properties of Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 (CZZ) catalysts and their application in the [...] Read more.
The manufacturing of technical catalysts generally involves a sequence of different process steps, of which co-precipitation is one of the most important. In this study, we investigate how continuous co-precipitation influences the properties of Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 (CZZ) catalysts and their application in the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from CO2/CO/H2 feeds. We compare material characteristics investigated by means of XRF, XRD, N2 physisorption, H2-TPR, N2O-RFC, TEM and EDXS as well as the catalytic properties to those of CZZ catalysts prepared by a semi-batch co-precipitation method. Ultra-fast mixing in continuous co-precipitation results in high BET and copper surface areas as well as in improved metal dispersion. DME synthesis performed in combination with a ferrierite-type co-catalyst shows correspondingly improved productivity for CZZ catalysts prepared by the continuous co-precipitation method, using CO2-rich as well as CO-rich syngas feeds. Our continuous co-precipitation approach allows for improved material homogeneity due to faster and more homogeneous solid formation. The so-called “chemical memory” stamped during initial co-precipitation is kept through all process steps and is reflected in the final catalytic properties. Furthermore, our continuous co-precipitation approach may be easily scaled-up to industrial production rates by numbering-up. Hence, we believe that our approach represents a promising contribution to improve catalysts for direct DME synthesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design)
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14 pages, 2642 KiB  
Article
Kinetics and Mechanisms of Metal Chlorides Catalysis for Coal Char Gasification with CO2
by Yong He, Ye Yuan, Zhihua Wang, Longlong Liu, Jiaxin Tan, Jiahao Chen and Kefa Cen
Catalysts 2020, 10(6), 715; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10060715 - 26 Jun 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2086
Abstract
The gasification experiments of coal chars with CO2 were carried out isothermally, with K, Ca, Ni, and Zn chloride catalysts, adopting a thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) from 800 to 1100 °C. The kinetic characteristic of the samples were described using the volumetric [...] Read more.
The gasification experiments of coal chars with CO2 were carried out isothermally, with K, Ca, Ni, and Zn chloride catalysts, adopting a thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) from 800 to 1100 °C. The kinetic characteristic of the samples were described using the volumetric model (VM), the grain model (GM), and the random pore model (PRM). The morphology patterns of the samples were tested applying X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the catalytic mechanisms concerning the phase changes were proposed. The results confirm that the gasification rate and char reactivities are enhanced by K, Ca and Ni chlorides, while ZnCl2 inhibited the process. The catalysis ability shows the following cation order: Ca > K > Ni > Zn. Among the models described above, PRM was proven to give the best fitting value and hence adopted to kinetics parameters calculation. The activation energies in promoting conditions were lower than that of the uncatalyzed cases. In view of the catalytic mechanism, the K metals tend to form intermediate complexes and repeatedly connect with coal char, while the Ca species may follow the oxidation-reduction mechanism and the Ni metals catalyze the gasification process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design)
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13 pages, 2405 KiB  
Article
Highly Carbon-Resistant Y Doped NiO–ZrOm Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane
by Ye Wang, Li Li, Yannan Wang, Patrick Da Costa and Changwei Hu
Catalysts 2019, 9(12), 1055; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9121055 - 11 Dec 2019
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 2746
Abstract
Yttrium-doped NiO–ZrOm catalyst was found to be novel for carbon resistance in the CO2 reforming of methane. Yttrium-free and -doped NiO–ZrOm catalysts were prepared by a one-step urea hydrolysis method and characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), TPR-H2, CO2 [...] Read more.
Yttrium-doped NiO–ZrOm catalyst was found to be novel for carbon resistance in the CO2 reforming of methane. Yttrium-free and -doped NiO–ZrOm catalysts were prepared by a one-step urea hydrolysis method and characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), TPR-H2, CO2-TPD, XRD, TEM and XPS. Yttrium-doped NiO–ZrOm catalyst resulted in higher interaction between Ni and ZrOm, higher distribution of weak and medium basic sites, and smaller Ni crystallite size, as compared to the Y-free NiO–ZrOm catalyst after reaction. The DRM catalytic tests were conducted at 700 °C for 8 h, leading to a significant decrease of activity and selectivity for the yttrium-doped NiO–ZrOm catalyst. The carbon deposition after the DRM reaction on yttrium-doped NiO–ZrOm catalyst was lower than on yttrium-free NiO–ZrOm catalyst, which indicated that yttrium could promote the inhibition of carbon deposition during the DRM process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage: Catalysts Design)
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