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Catalysts
Special Issues
Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Catalytic and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors
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Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Catalytic and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Photocatalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 7327

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Raffaele Molinari

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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 45/A, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
Interests: membrane processes; catalytic and photocatalytic membrane reactors; complexation reactions coupled with membranes (supported liquid membranes; ultrafiltration assisted by polymers); saving, recovery, and recycling of matter and energy by membrane processesers); saving, recovery, and recycling of matter and energy by membrane processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Sylwia Mozia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, ul. Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: inorganic chemical technology; water/wastewater treatment; membrane processes, especially pressure-driven membrane techniques and membrane distillation; hybrid membrane processes; advanced oxidation processes; photocatalysis; photocatalytic membrane reactors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce this Special Issue titled “Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Catalytic and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors”. This issue will comprise a collection of research papers invited by the Editorial Board members with the aim of covering all aspects of hybrid catalytic and photocatalytic membrane systems. To this end, we are inviting the submission of experimental and theoretical contributions within the scope of this Special Issue, including original research papers, short communications, and review articles. All papers will be fully open access upon publication after completing peer review.

Prof. Dr. Raffaele Molinari
Prof. Dr. Sylwia Mozia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • catalysis
  • photocatalysis
  • membrane separation
  • catalytic membrane reactor
  • photocatalytic membrane reactor
  • catalytic membrane
  • photocatalytic membrane
  • immobilized photocatalyst
  • organic synthesis
  • organic photosynthesis
  • hydrogen production
  • water treatment
  • wastewater treatment
  • photodegradation
  • photodecomposition
  • production of biofuels
  • methane steam reforming

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 5345 KiB  
Article
Nanocomposite PVDF/TiO2 Photocatalytic Membranes for Micropollutant Removal in Secondary Effluent
by Juan C. Aldana, Marta Pedrosa, Adrián M. T. Silva, Joaquim L. Faria, Juan L. Acero and Pedro M. Álvarez
Catalysts 2024, 14(2), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14020109 - 28 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1289
Abstract
In this study, a mixed-matrix method was used to prepare PVDF polymeric membranes with different amounts of TiO2 P25 photocatalyst embedded, which were employed in filtration processes in the presence of UV radiation (LED, peak emission at 375 nm) to eliminate two [...] Read more.
In this study, a mixed-matrix method was used to prepare PVDF polymeric membranes with different amounts of TiO2 P25 photocatalyst embedded, which were employed in filtration processes in the presence of UV radiation (LED, peak emission at 375 nm) to eliminate two aqueous micropollutants (MPs) used as model compounds (venlafaxine and metoprolol). The obtained membranes were characterized to gain insights into their texture, morphology, composition, and other catalyst-related properties that could affect the photocatalytic filtration process. For that purpose, N2 adsorption–desorption, contact angle, SEM-EDX, thermal analysis, FTIR, XPS, UV-vis DRS, and PL spectroscopy were used. Filtration tests were carried out in continuous mode using a dead-end filtration cell to evaluate the performance of the prepared membranes in removing the selected MPs. Experiments were performed both in ultrapure water and a secondary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. It was found that the synthesized membranes could effectively remove the target MPs in ultrapure water, achieving up to 99% elimination. Such process performance decreased drastically in the secondary effluent with removals below 35%. Carbonate/bicarbonate ions in the secondary effluent were identified as the main scavenging substances. Thus, after the partial removal of carbonate/bicarbonate ions from the secondary effluent, the removal of MPs achieved was above 60%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Catalytic and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors)
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19 pages, 4869 KiB  
Article
Metallic Supported Pd-Ag Membranes for Simultaneous Ammonia Decomposition and H2 Separation in a Membrane Reactor: Experimental Proof of Concept
by Valentina Cechetto, Serena Agnolin, Luca Di Felice, Alfredo Pacheco Tanaka, Margot Llosa Tanco and Fausto Gallucci
Catalysts 2023, 13(6), 920; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13060920 - 23 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2047
Abstract
The use of ammonia as a hydrogen carrier requires efficient cracking technology. A promising solution is the use of a membrane reactor (MR), which enables both ammonia decomposition and hydrogen separation to take place within the same device, providing advantages in terms of [...] Read more.
The use of ammonia as a hydrogen carrier requires efficient cracking technology. A promising solution is the use of a membrane reactor (MR), which enables both ammonia decomposition and hydrogen separation to take place within the same device, providing advantages in terms of efficiency and compactness compared to conventional systems. The literature reports that ceramic-supported double-skinned Pd-Ag membranes show outstanding performance for hydrogen separation as well as good stability of the separation layer during ammonia decomposition. However, their sealing in the reactor may result in leakage increase, while their mechanical stability remains an unresolved issue. To circumvent these limitations, the use of metallic supported Pd-based membranes is recommended, due to their higher mechanical stability and ease of sealing and integration in the reactor. In this work, we propose the development of robust metallic supported hydrogen-selective membranes for integration in membrane reactors for ammonia cracking. A conventional Pd-Ag membrane was prepared on a low-cost porous Hastelloy X tubular filter, modified with α-Al2O3/γ-Al2O3 to reach the desired surface quality. The membrane was then tested for ammonia decomposition in a MR configuration, showing the ability to reach >99% NH3 conversion above 475 °C with H2 feed recovery >60%. The results achieved pave the way towards a possible substitute for the ceramic-supported alternatives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Catalytic and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors)
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17 pages, 5644 KiB  
Article
Photodegradation of Bisphenol a in Water via Round-the-Clock Visible Light Driven Dual Layer Hollow Fiber Membrane
by Khalis Sukaini, Siti Hawa Mohamed Noor, Sumarni Mansur, Filzah Hazirah Jaffar, Roziana Kamaludin, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Tutuk Djoko Kusworo and Keng Yinn Wong
Catalysts 2023, 13(5), 816; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13050816 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1000
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that can cause adverse effects on human health. The incorporation of materials as visible light photocatalysts and its energy storage capability allow for the photodegradation of BPA, especially in the absence of a light source. [...] Read more.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that can cause adverse effects on human health. The incorporation of materials as visible light photocatalysts and its energy storage capability allow for the photodegradation of BPA, especially in the absence of a light source. To date, there have been no significant studies regarding energy storage in membrane technology, with only a focus on the suspension form. Hence, this study was conducted to degrade the pollutant through a co-extrusion process using a mixture of copper (II) oxide and tungsten oxide as the photocatalyst and energy storage materials, respectively. Both materials were embedded into polyvinylidene (PVDF) membranes to produce a Cu2O/WO3/PVDF dual-layer hollow fiber (DLHF) membrane. The outer dope extrusion flow rate was set at 3 mL/min, 6 mL/min, and 9 mL/min with photocatalyst:polymer ratios of 0.3, 0.50, and 0.7 Cu2O/WO3/PVDF, respectively. The performance of the membranes for each ratio was evaluated using 2 ppm of BPA with visible light irradiation. The results showed that each membrane’s outer and inner layers featured finger-like void structures, while the intermediate part had a sponge-like structure. The membrane with the photocatalyst:polymer ratio of 0.5 was hydrophilic and had a high porosity of 54.97%, resulting in a high flow of 510 L/m2h. Under visible light irradiation, a 0.5 Cu2O/PVDF DLHF membrane with a 6-mL/min outer dope flow rate was able to remove 97.82% of 2-ppm BPA without copper leaching into the water sample. Under dark conditions, the DLHF sample showed the capability of energy storage performance and could drive certain degradation after lighting off up to 70.73% of 2-ppm BPA. The photocatalytic DLHF membrane with the ratio of 0.5 was the most optimal due to its potential morphology and ability to degrade a large amount of BPA. It is important to emphasize that usage of materials with the capability for energy storage can provide a significant contribution toward more practical membranes, so photodegradation can occur even in dark conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Catalytic and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors)
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Review

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33 pages, 4979 KiB  
Review
Which Configuration of Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors Has a Major Potential to Be Used at an Industrial Level in Tertiary Sewage Wastewater Treatment?
by Raffaele Molinari, Angela Severino, Cristina Lavorato and Pietro Argurio
Catalysts 2023, 13(8), 1204; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13081204 - 11 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2634
Abstract
Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) have been found to be very effective in the removal of organic pollutants (particularly recalcitrant compounds) from wastewater because they allow for the mineralization of organic pollutants to innocuous by-products, thus achieving high-quality treated water. Owing to the very [...] Read more.
Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) have been found to be very effective in the removal of organic pollutants (particularly recalcitrant compounds) from wastewater because they allow for the mineralization of organic pollutants to innocuous by-products, thus achieving high-quality treated water. Owing to the very high volumes of water involved, treated sewage wastewater could be reused if a very efficient tertiary stage, like a PMR, can be foreseen. In this review, the two main PMR configurations (photocatalytic membranes and slurry PMRs) were analyzed as requirements of a tertiary treatment of sewage wastewater considering six design and operational parameters of such plants: (i) continuous wastewater flow rate from the secondary stage; (ii) the self-control of the photodegradation rate related to wastewater chemical–physical parameters; (iii) ability to handle variations of wastewater concentration and flow rate; (iv) the control of the quality of treated wastewater; (v) low plant footprint; and (vi) easy maintenance. In this analysis, some characteristics of photocatalysis (which involves three phases: solid (the photocatalyst), liquid (the wastewater), and gas (oxygen or air)) and those of membranes (they can be produced using different materials and configurations, different processes (pressure-driven or not pressure-driven), etc.) were considered. The obtained results show that slurry PMRs seem more suitable than photocatalytic membranes for such applications. We believe this review can trigger a shift in research from the laboratory to industry in using photocatalytic membrane reactors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Catalytic and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors)
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