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Buildings
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Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions
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Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2023) | Viewed by 12438

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Guoming Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
Interests: shotcrete; coal mining; rheology; dust suppression
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Ben Li

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Civil Engineering and Architecture, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
Interests: new building materials; recycled aggregate concrete; high performance concrete

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aggregate concrete plays a very important role in both underground engineering support and ground building structures. Aggregate concrete is one of the most important civil engineering materials. It is made up of cementitious materials, aggregates, water, and admixtures in a certain proportion. Aggregate concrete has the characteristics of high compressive strength, good durability, and wide range of strength grades. However, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, a large number of sand and gravel mining is prohibited, and sand and gravel aggregate is gradually in shortage. Solid waste such as recycled aggregate mixed into concrete has become a hot research direction. In addition, the application of aggregate concrete in different extreme environments still needs further research, such as underground high-temperature mining, railway in alpine areas, and underwater construction. The cracking characteristics and optimal design of aggregate concrete are research hotspots.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: shotcrete, recycled aggregate concrete, concrete deterioration mechanisms in high temperature or high cold areas, underwater concrete, thin-layer sprayed concretes, and so on.

Dr. Guoming Liu
Prof. Dr. Ben Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aggregate shotcrete
  • recycled aggregate concrete
  • concrete deterioration mechanism in high temperature or high cold areas
  • underwater aggregate concrete
  • thin-layer sprayed concrete
  • aggregate geopolymer
  • rheology of aggregate concrete

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 7487 KiB  
Article
Wear Regularity of Shotcrete Conveying Bend Based on CFD-DEM Simulation
by Yujie Hou, Siyuan Song, Jiahao Sun, Guoming Liu, Jianguo Liu, Xiangfei Cui and Qianqian Xu
Buildings 2023, 13(2), 415; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020415 - 02 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1341
Abstract
To reveal the flow characteristics of shotcrete during pneumatic transportation, the numerical simulation of the gas–solid flow of shotcrete in the pipeline transportation process was carried out based on a CFD-DEM coupling simulation method. When the particle diameter increased from 7 mm to [...] Read more.
To reveal the flow characteristics of shotcrete during pneumatic transportation, the numerical simulation of the gas–solid flow of shotcrete in the pipeline transportation process was carried out based on a CFD-DEM coupling simulation method. When the particle diameter increased from 7 mm to 12 mm, the maximum wear depth of the pipeline increased from 1.48 × 10−6 mm to 4.58 × 10−6 mm. With an increase in particle diameter, the maximum wear depth of the pipeline increased. Moreover, the wear position gradually concentrated to a fixed area with the increase in particle diameter. In the wind speed range of this simulation study, when the wind speed increased from 42 m/s to 52 m/s, the maximum wear depth of the pipeline increased from 2.53 × 10−6 mm to 5.26 × 10−6 mm. The change in wind speed had little effect on the wear location of the pipeline. However, the wear depth of the pipeline increased with the increase in wind speed. When the curvature radius increased from 200 mm to 250 mm, the maximum wear depth decreased from 5.83 × 10−6 mm to 4.47 × 10−6 mm. When the curvature radius increased to 300 mm, the maximum wear depth increased to 6.58 × 10−6 mm. Finally, according to the law of pipeline wear and combined with the actual situation of pipeline wear in engineering, measures were put forward to prevent or reduce the degree of pipeline wear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions)
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24 pages, 8067 KiB  
Article
An Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fibre-Reinforced Graphite Tailings Cement Mortar
by Chen Zhang, Ben Li, Ying Yu, Yu Zhang, Hu Xu and Wen-xue Wang
Buildings 2022, 12(12), 2106; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122106 - 01 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1088
Abstract
In order to solve the limitation of graphite tailings in improving the toughness of cement-based materials, this paper aims to study the effect of basalt fibres (BF) on the mechanical properties of graphite tailings cement mortar (GTCM). Basic physical and mechanical tests such [...] Read more.
In order to solve the limitation of graphite tailings in improving the toughness of cement-based materials, this paper aims to study the effect of basalt fibres (BF) on the mechanical properties of graphite tailings cement mortar (GTCM). Basic physical and mechanical tests such as fluidity, water absorption, surface water content, flexural strength, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity were conducted on basalt fibre-reinforced graphite tailings cement mortar (BFR-GTCM), and combined with microscopic tests such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) for the enhancement mechanism were deeply analysed. The results show that 0.3% BF and 20% GT are the optimal doping amounts for the mechanical response of BFR-GTCM, which especially significantly improves the flexural and crack resistance. In addition, the synergistic effect of basalt fibres and graphite tailings optimizes the spatial structure and pore distribution of the cement matrix and promoted the hydration of the cementitious material, thus improving the mechanical properties of BFR-GTCM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions)
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16 pages, 664 KiB  
Article
Developing a Model Based on the Radial Basis Function to Predict the Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Fly Ash
by Abdulilah Mohammad Mayet, Ali Awadh Al-Qahtani, Ramy Mohammed Aiesh Qaisi, Ijaz Ahmad, Hala H. Alhashim and Ehsan Eftekhari-Zadeh
Buildings 2022, 12(10), 1743; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101743 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1219
Abstract
A supplemental pozzolanic material such as fly ash may result in a reduction in the concrete’s adverse environmental effect by reducing the discharge of carbon dioxide throughout the cement production procedure. This pozzolanic material also enhances the mechanical characteristics as well as the [...] Read more.
A supplemental pozzolanic material such as fly ash may result in a reduction in the concrete’s adverse environmental effect by reducing the discharge of carbon dioxide throughout the cement production procedure. This pozzolanic material also enhances the mechanical characteristics as well as the durability of concrete material. Considering the boundless passion for utilizing fly ash and conducting extensive research studies, the extent to which this supplement can be added to concrete has a limitation equal to almost one-third of cement material’s weight. In the current study, a model based on the Radial Basis Function (RBF) is developed to estimate the compressive strength of concrete containing various amounts of fly ash at any arbitrary age. Having parameters used as inputs in ANN modeling such as concrete additives and characteristics of fly ash, the output was compressive strength. It was concluded that the estimated results agree well with the experimental measurements with an MSE of 0.0012 for the compressive strength. Simple and practical equations are proposed to present a simple means to determine the compressive strength of fly ash-based concrete. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions)
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20 pages, 11411 KiB  
Article
Fractal Analysis of Tunnel Structural Damage Caused by High-Temperature and Explosion Impact
by Zhaopeng Yang and Linbing Wang
Buildings 2022, 12(9), 1410; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091410 - 08 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1443
Abstract
The tunnel is one of the most important components in modern underground engineering. Due to long and narrow shape constraints, it very easily results in large-scale fire and explosion when deflagration is caused by the accidents of vehicles that transport dangerous goods in [...] Read more.
The tunnel is one of the most important components in modern underground engineering. Due to long and narrow shape constraints, it very easily results in large-scale fire and explosion when deflagration is caused by the accidents of vehicles that transport dangerous goods in the tunnel. Previously, the studies on the damage to tunnel lining caused by high-temperature impacts in these kinds of disasters were often limited to a discussion of only one influencing factor, either fire or explosion, but they rarely considered the two factors simultaneously. In this work, the damage properties of full-size tunnel lining induced by high temperature and impact were evaluated, and the concrete samples from the whole lining arch were selected for CT scanning. The improved differential box-counting method was used for the fractal analysis of the CT images to obtain the damage-distribution properties of the tunnel lining structure under the two coupled influencing factors: the high temperature caused by fire, and the impact caused by deflagration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions)
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18 pages, 3888 KiB  
Article
Study on Flexural Behavior of Self-Compacting Concrete Beams with Recycled Aggregates
by Fang Yu, Min Wang, Dali Yao and Weichuang Yang
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 881; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070881 - 22 Jun 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1294
Abstract
Currently, numerous studies have focused on the differences in the properties of self-compacting concrete with recycled aggregate (RASCC) and normal concrete (NC), while less attention has been paid to the application of RASCC in reinforced concrete structures. In this paper, four-point bending loading [...] Read more.
Currently, numerous studies have focused on the differences in the properties of self-compacting concrete with recycled aggregate (RASCC) and normal concrete (NC), while less attention has been paid to the application of RASCC in reinforced concrete structures. In this paper, four-point bending loading tests were performed on seven RASCC beams and four NC beams, considering the parameter of reinforcement ratio, and the flexural properties were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the failure form, moment–deflection curves, and flexural capacity of the RASCC beams were similar to those of the NC beams. However, the cracking moment and the crack width of the RASCC beams were significantly smaller than that of the NC beams. With an increase in the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, the cracking resistance and flexural capacity of the RASCC beams increased significantly. The cracking moment and flexural capacity could be calculated using the method of the Chinese code GB50010-2010. However, compared with the test values, the predicted deflection was slightly less safe, while the maximum crack width calculation was slightly more conservative. Therefore, the current code formula was revised according to the test results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions)
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25 pages, 6964 KiB  
Article
Examination of Mixing Proportion in Self-Compacting Gangue-Based Pavement Concrete
by Lianjun Chen, Nan Guo, Guoming Liu, Xiaohan Guo, Jipeng Zhao and Zhaoxia Liu
Buildings 2022, 12(5), 591; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12050591 - 02 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1455
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of the coal-mining industry, the output of gangue has increased at a faster pace, while its utilization remains relatively low. The accumulation of a large amount of gangue has brought about a large environmental problem. In [...] Read more.
In recent years, with the rapid development of the coal-mining industry, the output of gangue has increased at a faster pace, while its utilization remains relatively low. The accumulation of a large amount of gangue has brought about a large environmental problem. In order to improve the utilization rate of waste gangue, and to solve the secondary environmental problems caused by gangue pollution, this paper conducted research on an economic and environmentally friendly gangue-based self-compacting concrete. This study designed aggregate industrial-analysis experiments to analyze the moisture content of the gangue and limestone, finding that the moisture content of gangue is 39% higher than that of limestone. By orthogonal experimental methods, the study investigated the fluidity, compressive strength, splitting strength and abrasion resistance of self-compacting gangue concrete. It was concluded that the optimal replacement rate of gangue for coarse aggregate is around 30%, the optimal replacement rate of fly ash for cement is around 30%, the optimal addition of polycarboxylate superplasticizer is 0.5% of the mass of cementitious materials, and the optimal rate of shear steel fibers is around 1% of the concrete capacity. In addition, this paper investigated the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of the aggregate–cement slurry and found that the ITZ of gangue aggregate and cement mortar is more likely to generate AFT crystals, which will contribute more to the improvement of the strength of concrete in the early stage. In addition, a field-effect analysis was carried out in this study, and it found that gangue-based self-compacting concrete, as an environmentally friendly material, can basically meet the design requirements of C30 paving concrete. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions)
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24 pages, 8922 KiB  
Article
Finite Element Analysis of Frames with Reinforced Concrete Encased Steel Composite Columns
by Gokhan Tunc, Mohammed Moatasem Othman and Halit Cenan Mertol
Buildings 2022, 12(3), 375; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12030375 - 18 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3518
Abstract
Structural frame systems that consists of concrete-encased-steel-embedded composite columns and reinforced concrete beams are typically used in mid-rise to tall buildings. In order to understand their overall structural behavior, a total of 12 frame models with high and low ductility features were constructed [...] Read more.
Structural frame systems that consists of concrete-encased-steel-embedded composite columns and reinforced concrete beams are typically used in mid-rise to tall buildings. In order to understand their overall structural behavior, a total of 12 frame models with high and low ductility features were constructed and analyzed using LS-DYNA software. Two of these models were validated using the results of previously tested frames. The remaining 10 models were studied to predict the behavior of frames with varying concrete strengths, reinforcement configurations, and structural steel sections under vertical and lateral loads. The results were investigated in terms of cracks and failure patterns, load-deflection relationships, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation. The analytical results indicated that the high ductile frame models showed slightly better lateral load carrying performances compared to low ductility frame models. Moreover, the analytical studies demonstrated that the existence of structural steel in a column, regardless of its cross-sectional shape, was the most important parameter in improving the lateral load carrying capacity of a frame. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aggregate Concrete Materials in Constructions)
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