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Sustainable Architecture and Healthy Indoor Environment
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Sustainable Architecture and Healthy Indoor Environment

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Energy, Physics, Environment, and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 6407

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Bin Chen

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Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: smart building; from the point of view of Chinese culture: on the approach of living and well-being; adaptive sensory environments; experimental technology for adaptive sensory environments based on artificial intelligence and big data; sustainable buildings and indoor environments; energy resources and indoor environments in rural houses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Yu Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
Interests: green building design; sustainable building and environmental assessment; solar building
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Shen Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: sustainable building; healthy building; building energy efficiency; solar architecture design; urban solar potential
Prof. Dr. Shui Yu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
Interests: the theory and technology of heat and mass transfer; sustainable and green eco-building technology; indoor air quality guarantee technology
Dr. Yu Chen

E-Mail
Guest Editor
1. School of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
2. College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Interests: building environment and health; healthy cities
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on the relationship between architecture, man and nature. It discusses the interaction between regional culture, lifestyle, bedroom hygiene, housing construction strategy and the needs of healthy and pleasant indoor environments, as well as the scientific evidence based on the philosophy of "moving by feeling".

The topics of this Special Issues are as follows:

(1) Description and evaluation method of healthy and pleasant indoor environment requirements combined with cultural background;

(2) Design parameters of building openings and acceptable indoor environment based on the requirements of photothermal environment;

(3) Data collection technology and evaluation tools for intelligent human settlements;

(4) Low-carbon building suitability solutions and evidence.

Prof. Dr. Bin Chen
Prof. Dr. Yu Liu
Prof. Dr. Shen Xu
Prof. Dr. Shui Yu
Dr. Yu Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green architecture design
  • healthy indoor environment
  • smart building
  • thermal comfort
  • cultural responses to primitive needs
  • sustainable architecture
  • occupants’ adaptive comfort behaviors
  • design and assessment
  • localization design
  • physical and mental pleasure

Published Papers (4 papers)

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22 pages, 8216 KiB  
Article
Research on Light Comfort of Waiting Hall of High-Speed Railway Station in Cold Region Based on Interpretable Machine Learning
by Falian Xie, Haihong Song and Huina Zhang
Buildings 2023, 13(4), 1105; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13041105 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1069
Abstract
Upon the need for sustainability and natural lighting performance simulation for high-speed railway station waiting halls in cold regions, a new prediction method was proposed for the quantitative analysis of their natural lighting performance in the early design stage. Taking the waiting hall [...] Read more.
Upon the need for sustainability and natural lighting performance simulation for high-speed railway station waiting halls in cold regions, a new prediction method was proposed for the quantitative analysis of their natural lighting performance in the early design stage. Taking the waiting hall of Harbin West Railway Station as the prototype, the authors explore the optimization design of green performance-oriented waiting halls in this paper. To maximize daylight and minimize visual discomfort, and with the help of Rhinoceros and Grasshopper and Ladybug, and Honeybee platform simulation programs, spatial elements such as building orientation, shape and windowing were simulated through optimizing target sDA, UDI and DGPexceed, respectively, based on natural lighting performance. Additionally, a dataset covering several light environment influencing factors was constructed by parametric simulations to develop a gradient boosted regression tree (GBRT) model. The results showed that the model was valid; that is, the coefficient of determination between the predicted value and the target one exceeds 0.980 without overfitting, indicating that the interpretability analysis based on the GBRT prediction model can be used to fully explore the contribution of related design parameters of the waiting hall to the indoor light environment indexes, and to facilitate more efficient lighting design in the early design stage without detailed analysis. In addition, the GBRT prediction model can be used to replace the traditional one as the effective basis for decision support. To conclude, the skylight ratio played a significant role in UDI, while the section aspect ratio (SAR) and plan aspect ratio (PAR) served as the key design parameters for sDA and DGPexceed, respectively. At the same time, the building orientation had the least degree of influence on the natural lighting of the waiting hall. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Architecture and Healthy Indoor Environment)
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19 pages, 22907 KiB  
Article
Influence of Cooking Pollutant Diffusion Regularity by High-Rise Residential Inner-Courtyard Forms in Wuhan
by Jieqi You, Minghao Wang, Jianru Li, Shen Xu, Changsheng Cao and Shuangquan Shao
Buildings 2022, 12(9), 1452; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091452 - 15 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1479
Abstract
In China’s typical high-density cities, in order to meet the residential needs, a Chinese characteristic and typical high-rise residence with multiple flats sharing one staircase has been created. Due to the Chinese cooking methods, such as frying and stir-frying, the middle flats’ kitchens [...] Read more.
In China’s typical high-density cities, in order to meet the residential needs, a Chinese characteristic and typical high-rise residence with multiple flats sharing one staircase has been created. Due to the Chinese cooking methods, such as frying and stir-frying, the middle flats’ kitchens of these high-rise residences are easily exposed to cooking pollutants, which endanger people’s health. As the outdoor transition space directly adjacent to the kitchens of the middle flats, the inner-courtyards in high-rise residences make the cooking pollutants easier to be diffused. Therefore, the inner-courtyard form has a significant impact on the ventilation and diffusion of cooking pollutants. In this study, with the method of measurement and CFD simulation, the relationship between cooking pollutants diffusion in the kitchens of the middle flats and the flow field in inner-courtyards was analyzed, and the impact of different inner-courtyard forms on cooking pollutants diffusion distribution in high-rise residential under natural ventilation was discussed. The results show that different inner-courtyard forms have different effects on the diffusion of cooking pollutants: the enclosed courtyards will greatly increase the cross-contamination between the kitchen and the adjacent space; increasing the openness of the courtyard will not enhance the diffusion level of pollutants, but has a negative effect; compared with centralized courtyards, symmetrical courtyards have a better echo with the kitchen in the layout, which is more conducive to the diffusion of cooking pollutants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Architecture and Healthy Indoor Environment)
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13 pages, 2695 KiB  
Article
Solar Radiation in Architectural Projects as a Key Design Factor for the Well-Being of Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease
by Jose-Manuel Almodóvar-Melendo, Santiago Quesada-García, Pablo Valero-Flores and Joseph Cabeza-Lainez
Buildings 2022, 12(5), 603; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12050603 - 05 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1889
Abstract
The beneficial effects of solar radiation on human health are well documented. One necessary mechanism triggers the production of vitamin D, whose insufficiency has been linked to a variety of disorders such as diabetes; hypertension; and, more recently, amyloidosis and Alzheimer’s disease. However, [...] Read more.
The beneficial effects of solar radiation on human health are well documented. One necessary mechanism triggers the production of vitamin D, whose insufficiency has been linked to a variety of disorders such as diabetes; hypertension; and, more recently, amyloidosis and Alzheimer’s disease. However, there are few architectural designs capable of ensuring the adequate provision of solar radiation inside buildings. Conventional fenestration is not sufficient to provide for significant doses of sunlight, even to prevent seasonal affective disorder (SAD). In this paper, we discuss the effect of new design alternatives for skylights, especially in the refurbishment of obsolete facilities. Based on the authors’ previous studies, we defined a theoretical model that was subsequently adapted to a real building that was to be retrofitted in an area near Sevilla. After such complex refurbishment was executed, we analyzed the performance of buildings in warm and sunny climates, as is the case of southern Spain, where cloudiness is very scarce and available simulation models are not useful. The study of the factors that relate to sunlight; UV reception and energy; and, to a certain extent, other aspects such as ventilation and insulation has been considered a priority. Many architectural designs are presented as correct if the thermal requirements alone are met, even at the risk of later energy waste in lighting devices and visual or physical discomfort. On the other hand, large glazed areas allow for more daylight and UV radiation into a space if properly treated, but they may also produce excessive heat gains or losses, which increase the air-conditioning cooling or heating load, respectively. The uncontrolled increase in temperature can have negative effects on the well-being of a person with Alzheimer’s dementia. To avoid these problems, we have considered the combined effect of daylight and energy from the beginning of the skylight design-process. Daylighting software, based on configuration factors that we have applied in studies of the complex problem of there being direct sunlight over architectural structures, has been used. This question cannot be treated adequately with conventional programs for overcast skies. The skylights have already been constructed, with special UV increasing glazing and on-site measurements in the offices to complement the computer simulation data. The results show that it is possible to achieve energy saving and high radiation levels in winter without increasing heat loads during the summer. Ventilation is also improved through the aerodynamic design of the clerestories. All this is considered beneficial to improve the condition of users with cognitive diseases as Alzheimer’s disease, by virtue of adapted spaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Architecture and Healthy Indoor Environment)
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29 pages, 16129 KiB  
Concept Paper
Constructing Hospitals for Functionality after Earthquakes: Saves Lives and Costs!
by Victor Zayas, Anoop Mokha and Stanley Low
Buildings 2023, 13(11), 2741; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112741 - 30 Oct 2023
Viewed by 729
Abstract
Applications of the American Seismic Isolator Standard “SIS” are summarized. The SIS is the only construction standard that specifies design criteria for retaining the functionality of hospitals after earthquakes. The SIS specifies limits for in-structure accelerations and deformations. Earthquake data shows that the [...] Read more.
Applications of the American Seismic Isolator Standard “SIS” are summarized. The SIS is the only construction standard that specifies design criteria for retaining the functionality of hospitals after earthquakes. The SIS specifies limits for in-structure accelerations and deformations. Earthquake data shows that the SIS limits are the maximum that can be tollerated and retain the functionaluity of hospitals after earthquakes. The Adana and Elazig hospital complexes retained 100% functionality after the severe earthquakes that occurred in Turkey in 2023 and 2020. These earthquakes resulted in 55,000 fatalities and 236 health care facilities losing functionality. Since the 1989 California earthquake, 18 structures with SIS isolators have retained 100% functionality after major earthquakes that caused over 800,000 deaths, and over 700,000 structures to be demolished. The functionality of these SIS structures saved many lives by enabling post-earthquake emergency services. Since 1985, SIS isolators have been implemented in over 40 million square meters of important buildings, bridges, and industrial facilities, in 34 countries. The cost to build these 40 million square meters of important structures with SIS isolators was about the same as constructing ductile moment frames for only collapse avoidance without isolators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Architecture and Healthy Indoor Environment)
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