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Buildings
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Recent Advances in Constructional Steel Research
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Recent Advances in Constructional Steel Research

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 6068

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shuling Hu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
Interests: sustainable and resilient steel structures; resilience-based design of steel structures; machine learning for earthquake engineering; performance-based earthquake engineering; structural damage detection; non-structural damage mitigation
Prof. Dr. Wei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: high performance steel and composite structural system; seismic resilience of steel and composite structures; behavior and design of steel and composite structures under multi-hazard scenario
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Songye Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engieering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Interests: smart materials and structures; structural health monitoring; energy harvesting
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Shahria Alam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 1137 Alumni Avenue, EME 4242, Kelowna, BC V1V1V7, Canada
Interests: smart materials and structures; sustainable construction materials; seismic retrofitting; shape memory alloy; FEM simulations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Constructional steel has been used widely for developing infrastructures, e.g., bridges, building structures, offshore structures, and tower structures. Theoretically, constructional steel is fully recyclable, which is promising for promoting carbon neutrality. Benefiting from the inherent advantages, constructional steel is increasingly popular in developing fabricated infrastructures. Nevertheless, the robustness, sustainability, and resilience of constructional steel and steel infrastructures under extreme loads and natural hazards need to be further investigated.

This Special Issue is aiming to disseminate state-of-the-art achievements in fundamental and applied research for promoting the development and practical application of constructional steel. The topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

  • The mechanical behavior of constructional steel under fracture, fatigue, fire, corrosion, etc.;
  • Experiments and constitutive modeling of constructional steel;
  • Development of high-performance steel infrastructures;
  • Experimental and numerical study of steel infrastructures;
  • Topology optimization of steel structural components;
  • Seismic-resilient steel structural systems;
  • Behavior and design of steel structures under natural hazards;
  • Progressive collapse performance of steel structural systems;
  • Performance enhancement of existing steel infrastructures;
  • Life-cycle assessment and optimization;
  • Machine learning application for constructional steel research.

Dr. Shuling Hu
Prof. Dr. Wei Wang
Prof. Dr. Songye Zhu
Prof. Dr. Shahria Alam
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • constructional steel
  • mechanical behavior
  • experimental and numerical study
  • topology optimization
  • behavior and design of steel structures
  • natural hazards
  • progressive collapse performance
  • performance enhancement
  • life-cycle assessment
  • machine learning

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1652 KiB  
Article
A Constitutive Model for Stud Connection in Composite Structures
by Xi Qin and Wei Zhao
Buildings 2024, 14(4), 1018; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041018 - 05 Apr 2024
Viewed by 284
Abstract
The complexity of finite element analysis for composite structures can be significantly reduced by representing the connector and adjacent concrete as a macroscopic element. Nevertheless, the prevailing macroscopic models for shear connections predominantly employ nonlinear elastic theory. This approach introduces inaccuracies in estimating [...] Read more.
The complexity of finite element analysis for composite structures can be significantly reduced by representing the connector and adjacent concrete as a macroscopic element. Nevertheless, the prevailing macroscopic models for shear connections predominantly employ nonlinear elastic theory. This approach introduces inaccuracies in estimating structural stiffness and load-bearing capabilities, primarily due to its inability to precisely capture the cumulative effects of plastic damage. In response, this study introduces a novel macroscopic elastoplastic model grounded in plasticity theory, aimed at accurately characterizing the nonlinear behavior of stud connections subjected to concurrent shear and tensile forces. This paper meticulously delineates the implementation of the elastoplastic constitutive model using the backward Euler method for numerical integration. It further articulates the derivation of the consistent tangent stiffness, which aligns with the convergence efficiency of the Newton–Raphson iterative approach. The computation of the element stiffness matrix for a two-node element is executed via the governing equation inherent to the finite element method. An exemplar macroelement test conducted in ABAQUS affirms the implicit backward Euler scheme’s stability and consistency across varying tolerances. Validation of the elastoplastic model against empirical test outcomes corroborates its efficacy, demonstrating the model’s precision in predicting the load–displacement behavior of stud connections under the influence of shear and tensile forces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Constructional Steel Research)
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17 pages, 7668 KiB  
Article
Rotational Stiffness Investigation and Parametric Analysis of a Novel Assembled Joint in Lattice Shells
by Jianshe Xu, Yazhi Zhu, Jin Wu, Jin Lu, Qian Zhang and Wei Wang
Buildings 2024, 14(1), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010261 - 17 Jan 2024
Viewed by 646
Abstract
Although there are currently many types of lattice shell joints with different characteristics, assessing the flexural capacity of lattice shell joints is always a great challenge. In this paper, a fan-shaped assembled joint and a welded joint for comparison were subjected to bending [...] Read more.
Although there are currently many types of lattice shell joints with different characteristics, assessing the flexural capacity of lattice shell joints is always a great challenge. In this paper, a fan-shaped assembled joint and a welded joint for comparison were subjected to bending tests to investigate the flexural behavior and rotational stiffness of the assembled joint. The strain distribution, load–displacement curve, moment–rotation curve, and damage modes of key parts were analyzed to determine the vulnerable parts of the joints. Our test results show that, with an initial rotational stiffness of about one third of that of the welded joint, the assembled joint specimen exhibits the obvious characteristics of a semi-rigid joint. The finite element analysis results were in good agreement with the experimental results. The results of our parametric analysis show that the rotational stiffness and ultimate moment of the assembled joint increase with increases in the spacing of the bolts and the number of bolts. The performance of the high-strength bolts had a significant influence on the flexural stiffness of the assembled joints. The spacing of the bolts and the number of bolts for the assembled joint are suggested to be greater than the height of the member section and more than three, respectively. The proposed theoretical formula can approximately simulate the initial rotational stiffness of the joint. More in-depth investigations are required in the future for assessing the mechanical behavior of FSA joints subjected to combined bending–compression loads. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Constructional Steel Research)
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17 pages, 5600 KiB  
Article
Development of a New Response Spectrum Analysis Approach for Determining Elastic Shear Demands on Shear-Dominated Steel Building Frames
by Junlin Li and Wei Wang
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 258; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010258 - 16 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1556
Abstract
This research is focused on improving the conventional response spectrum analysis (CRSA) method for the elastic shear demands estimation of shear-dominated steel building frames. An alternative approach named the improved response spectrum analysis (IRSA) method is proposed and validated in this paper. A [...] Read more.
This research is focused on improving the conventional response spectrum analysis (CRSA) method for the elastic shear demands estimation of shear-dominated steel building frames. An alternative approach named the improved response spectrum analysis (IRSA) method is proposed and validated in this paper. A simplified procedure to capture the dynamic features of a continuous shear beam (CSB) with stepped stiffness is first presented, and then validated. The CSB is employed in IRSA to replace the original eigenvalue analysis in CRSA to provide the modal parameter estimation for the considered system. A modified SRSS (MSRSS) mode superposition based on a genetic algorithm is then proposed and employed in IRSA. Based on the analyses conducted in this research, it is found that using first three modes in MSRSS to execute mode superposition could provide a great estimation of the elastic shear demands distribution. The amplification of weighting coefficients for the second and third mode contribution indicates the underestimation of the high mode effect in CSRSS. Further, response history analyses (RHA) are performed on two demonstration building frames to evaluate the improvement of the IRSA. The results indicate that IRSA provides a more precise estimation on the elastic shear force demand distribution in shear-dominated steel building frames under seismic effects compared with that which was achieved by CRSA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Constructional Steel Research)
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24 pages, 9965 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Property Model of Q620 High-Strength Steel with Corrosion Effects
by Xuanyi Xue, Jianmin Hua, Fei Wang, Neng Wang and Shuang Li
Buildings 2022, 12(10), 1651; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101651 - 11 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1207
Abstract
High-strength steel (HSS) is widely used in engineering structures, due to its superior material performance, but corrosion tends to occur in steel structures with time. The corrosion effects on mechanical performance of Q620 HSS were investigated experimentally. The electrochemical accelerated corrosion test was [...] Read more.
High-strength steel (HSS) is widely used in engineering structures, due to its superior material performance, but corrosion tends to occur in steel structures with time. The corrosion effects on mechanical performance of Q620 HSS were investigated experimentally. The electrochemical accelerated corrosion test was conducted to generate corroded Q620 HSS specimens (ρ = 0~60%). With increases in the corrosion degree, corrosion performance became more and more non-uniform. The tensile coupon test was conducted to clarify mechanical properties of corroded Q620 HSS specimens. With increases in corrosion degree, fy, fu, εu and E decreased, correspondingly. The effect of corrosion on εy could be ignored. With the deepening of corrosion, the necking of Q620 HSS specimens was weakened, which reduced their ductility. The simplified constitutive model consisting of nominal yield point (εy, fy) and ultimate point (εu, fu) was proposed to quantify the mechanical properties of Q620 HSS with different corrosion degrees. After the numerical fitting, relationships between the corrosion degree and mechanical properties were clarified. Based on the results of numerical fitting, mechanical properties of corroded Q620 HSS specimens were worse than those of specimens with idealized uniform corrosion. The adverse effect of corrosion on εuc was more obvious than that on strength properties. Comparison among different mild steels and HSSs was performed. Different indexes were chosen to clarify corrosion effects on the ductility of corroded Q620 HSS specimens. This study considers and discusses the research on corrosion rates, the relationships between service time, service environment, corrosion form and strength properties of Q620 HSS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Constructional Steel Research)
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22 pages, 7359 KiB  
Article
Machine Learning-Aided Prediction of Post-Fire Shear Resistance Reduction of Q690 HSS Plate Girders
by Guiwen Liu, Jie Liu, Neng Wang, Xuanyi Xue and Youjia Tan
Buildings 2022, 12(9), 1481; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091481 - 17 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1521
Abstract
Fire has significant effects on the residual resistance of steel structures. It is necessary to accurately clarify its effects on Q690 HSS plate girders, which have been widely used. In this paper, the ultimate resistance and effective service resistance of Q690 HSS plate [...] Read more.
Fire has significant effects on the residual resistance of steel structures. It is necessary to accurately clarify its effects on Q690 HSS plate girders, which have been widely used. In this paper, the ultimate resistance and effective service resistance of Q690 HSS plate girders after a fire are obtained using material tests and finite element (FE) analysis including parametric studies, where the data of 210 models were collected. The effects of four key parameters (hw/tw ratio, a/hw ratio, exposure temperature and cooling method) on post-fire shear resistance reduction of Q690 HSS plate girders are roughly investigated by individual conditional expectation (ICE), showing exposure temperature is the most important factor. The popular algorithms of machine learning (ML), namely artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector regression (SVR) algorithms, are utilized in model training to predict the reduction factors of both ultimate resistance and effective service resistance. Finally, the results indicate that the prediction using ML shows much better performance than that with traditional ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, and SVR with genetic algorithm (GA) provides the highest prediction accuracy. The results of this paper show the superiority of machine learning for solving prediction problems of steel structures, compared with conventional methods such as linear regression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Constructional Steel Research)
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