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Buildings
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Advances in Modeling and Characterization of Cementitious Composites
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Advances in Modeling and Characterization of Cementitious Composites

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 4011

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Abedulgader Baktheer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Structural Concrete, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
Interests: concrete structures; cementitious composites; constitutive modeling; fracture and damage mechanics; fatigue of cementitious materials; nonlinear finite element analysis
Prof. Dr. Farid Abed

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
Interests: advanced structural analysis; advanced mechanics of materials; finite element method; FRP composites materials; fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM); theory of elasticity and plasticity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The urgent need for more efficient, innovative design concepts for sustainable infrastructures as well as binder substitution becomes evident when considering the annual global cement production and the corresponding CO2 emission. A fundamental prerequisite for achieving this goal is a deep understanding of the main dissipative mechanisms and a realistic prediction of the behavior of cementitious composites under general loading conditions. This Special Issue addresses the most recent research findings related to recent advances in modeling approaches and characterization methods for cementitious composites. Topics may include the constitutive modeling of cementitious composites and their applications within the nonlinear finite element analysis of concrete members and structures under general loading conditions. This Special Issue may also cover topics related to recent characterization methods and experimental approaches of cementitious composites in combination with various types of metallic and non-metallic reinforcements.

Dr. Abedulgader Baktheer
Prof. Dr. Farid Abed
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • concrete
  • reinforced concrete
  • non-metallic reinforcement
  • bond behavior
  • constitutive modeling
  • nonlinear finite element analysis
  • damage and plasticity
  • time-dependent behavior
  • multiscale and multiphysics modeling
  • impact loading
  • cyclic loading
  • progressive collapse

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5000 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Mechanical and Physical Features of Cementitious Jet Grout Applications for Various Soil Types
by Muhammet Cinar
Buildings 2023, 13(11), 2833; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112833 - 11 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 863
Abstract
The cementitious jet grout method (CJG) is one of the most preferred methods for the ground reinforcement of building foundations. As a result of the soil improvement made with the CJG, it was observed that there was a decrease in settlement, permeability, and [...] Read more.
The cementitious jet grout method (CJG) is one of the most preferred methods for the ground reinforcement of building foundations. As a result of the soil improvement made with the CJG, it was observed that there was a decrease in settlement, permeability, and liquefaction potential and an increase in the bearing capacity. In this study, columns with different grouting pressures (400, 450, and 500 bar) and water/cement ratios of 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 were produced on several soil types (sand, clay, and alluvial soil) that have high liquefaction, settlement potential, and low bearing capacity. CJG columns were kept for 28 days after completion and then removed from the soil, and diameter measurements were made and significant differences were observed according to pressure and w/c ratios. Three samples were taken in CJG columns extracted from the ground. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the physical (water absorption rate, density, and porosity) and mechanical (UCS and UPV) properties of CJG column samples. The highlighting of this paper is to build full-scale CJG columns in sandy soil, clay soil, and alluvial soil, increase the geotechnical engineering properties, and investigate the strength development, and diameter under different w/c ratios and different injection pressures. The strength of CJG columns in sandy soils was found between 36 and 15 MPa, in clay soils between 15 and 4 MPa and in alluvial soils between 32 and 15 MPa. Moreover, it was observed that there was a significant increase in the diameters with the increase in the injection pressure and a decrease in the compressive strengths. When the CJG column diameters were compared with constant injection pressure and increasing w/c ratios, the maximum increase was found to be 13% for sandy soils, 10% for clayey soils, and 14% for alluvial soils. The column diameters were 37% larger for sandy soils than clayey soils and 26% larger than alluvial soils at the same w/c ratio and constant injection pressure. In conclusion, since the results found in this study were made on a real scale in the field and for three different soil conditions, the results can be used directly in future engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Modeling and Characterization of Cementitious Composites)
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15 pages, 6470 KiB  
Article
CFD Study of Pressure Distribution on Recessed Faces of a Diamond C-Shaped Building
by Arun Kumar, Rahul Kumar Meena, Ritu Raj, Mohammad Iqbal Khan and Jamal M. Khatib
Buildings 2023, 13(11), 2800; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112800 - 08 Nov 2023
Viewed by 625
Abstract
A building situated in the flow path of the wind is subjected to differential velocity and pressure distribution around the envelope. Wind effects are influenced by and vary for each individual shape of a tall building. Tall building structures are considered as cantilever [...] Read more.
A building situated in the flow path of the wind is subjected to differential velocity and pressure distribution around the envelope. Wind effects are influenced by and vary for each individual shape of a tall building. Tall building structures are considered as cantilever structures with fixed ends at the ground. Wind velocity acting along the height of the building makes the velocity and pressure distribution more complex; as the height of the building structure increases, wind velocity increases. This study discusses the effect of the wind on an irregular cross-section shape. The present study was conducted numerically with a building model placed in a virtual wind tunnel using the ANSYS (CFX 2020 Academic Version) software tool. Wind effects are investigated on a building model situated in a terrain category-II defined in IS: 875 (Part 3): 2015; wind scale model of 1:100 and turbulence intensity are at 5% and power law index α is considered to be 0.143. The validation and verification of the study were made by comparing pressure coefficients on different faces of a rectangular model of similar floor area and height as that taken for a C-plan dia-mond-shaped model under similar boundary conditions, wind environment, and solver setting of numerical setups. The values of surface pressures generated on the recessed faces of the model and wind flow patterns within the recessed cavity were studied at wind incident angles 0°, 30°, 60°, 105°, 135°, and 180°. The critical suction on all the recessed faces was observed to be at a 105° angle of wind attack. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Modeling and Characterization of Cementitious Composites)
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21 pages, 5197 KiB  
Article
Multi-Response Optimization on Hydrated Calcium Aluminate Rich Ternary Binders Using Taguchi Design of Experiments and Principal Component Analysis
by Anxhelina Myftarago, Thomas A. Bier, Elsa Qoku, Ramadan Aliti and Milazim Zogaj
Buildings 2023, 13(10), 2494; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102494 - 30 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1022
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of various factors on the performance of ternary binders, utilizing statistical approaches. The research focuses on the influence of varying compositions of Portland Cement-Calcium Aluminate Cement-Calcium Sulphate (PC-CAC-CŜ), types and amounts of mineral powders, and chemical admixtures in [...] Read more.
This study investigates the influence of various factors on the performance of ternary binders, utilizing statistical approaches. The research focuses on the influence of varying compositions of Portland Cement-Calcium Aluminate Cement-Calcium Sulphate (PC-CAC-CŜ), types and amounts of mineral powders, and chemical admixtures in ternary binders. Using the Taguchi design, the study required a limited number of experimental trials, utilizing a standard orthogonal array of seven factors across three levels. These factors encompassed binder composition (C1-C2-C3), mineral powder types (limestone, quartz, slag), replacement ratio (0%, 25%, 50%), retarder (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%), superplasticizer, viscosity modifying agent (stabilizer) and accelerator (0%, 0.05%, 0.1%). Measurements on hydration kinetics, dimensional stability, compressive strength, and microstructural analyses like X-ray diffraction were conducted. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to interpret the continuous data derived from heat of hydration curves, length change curves and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Results indicated that retarder quantity and binder type significantly impacted paste workability. Higher powder content led to reduced strength, whereas increased accelerator improved strength. A strong correlation was observed between accelerator content and the dimensional stability. The primary hydration product’s formation was predominantly influenced by the PC-CAC-CŜ ratio, accelerator, and cement substitutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Modeling and Characterization of Cementitious Composites)
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25 pages, 7837 KiB  
Article
Structural Performance of Strengthening of High-Performance Geopolymer Concrete Columns Utilizing Different Confinement Materials: Experimental and Numerical Study
by Aref A. Abadel
Buildings 2023, 13(7), 1709; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071709 - 04 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1122
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of different confinement materials in strengthening geopolymer concrete (GP) columns subjected to axial compression loading. This research encompassed both experimental and numerical analyses. The experimental phase involved testing seven circular GP columns, while [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of different confinement materials in strengthening geopolymer concrete (GP) columns subjected to axial compression loading. This research encompassed both experimental and numerical analyses. The experimental phase involved testing seven circular GP columns, while the numerical phase involved developing 3D finite element (FE) models using ABAQUS software. The primary focus of this study was to assess the impact of using outer and inner steel tubes, as well as an outer polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tube and a carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheet. To validate the FE models, the experimental results were utilized for comparison. The findings of this study revealed that the outer steel tube provided superior confinement effects on the GP column’s concrete core compared to the PVC tube and CFRP sheet. The axial capacities of the columns confined with steel, PVC, and CFRP materials were observed to increase by 254.7%, 43.2%, and 186%, respectively, in comparison to the control specimens. Furthermore, the utilization of all confinement materials significantly enhanced the absorbed energy and ductility of the columns. The FE models demonstrated a reasonably close match to the experimental results in terms of load–displacement curves and deformation patterns. This correspondence between the numerical predictions and experimental data confirmed the reliability of the FE models and their suitability for generating further predictions. In summary, this study contributes to the field by exploring the efficacy of various confinement materials in strengthening GP columns. The results highlight the superior performance of the outer steel tube and demonstrate the positive influence of PVC and CFRP materials on enhancing the structural behavior of the columns. The validation of the FE models further supports their reliability and their potential for future predictions in similar scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Modeling and Characterization of Cementitious Composites)
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