Recent Advances in the Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)sensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 13036

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
Interests: chemical analysis; electrochemistry; electroanalysis; sensors; biosensors; nanomaterials

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Guest Editor
Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
Interests: disposable sensors; 3D-printed electrodes; nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The preparation of disposable and low-cost electrochemical sensors and biosensors found in screen-printing technology a path full of possibilities for innovation and advances in recent years. Through the use of screen-printing technology, electrodes printed in the most varied formats using different substrates (plastics, papers, flexible or not) and conductive inks can be made, or even subjected to modification with nanostructures and/or biological agents to obtain high-performance (bio)sensors. Such systems are by their nature suitable for coupling with portable instruments, microfluidic systems, and multiplexed analysis, with potential application in the most diverse sectors, such as environmental control, healthcare, food quality, and forensic analysis. In this Special Issue of Biosensors, researchers are invited to share their latest findings on the hot topic of screen-printed electrochemical (bio)sensors.

Prof. Dr. Tiago Almeida Silva
Prof. Dr. Bruno Campos Janegitz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • screen-printing
  • disposable
  • sensors
  • biosensors
  • electroanalysis
  • microfluidics
  • nanomaterials
  • in situ analysis

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 4033 KiB  
Article
Multiplex Portable Biosensor for Bacteria Detection
by Karim Kaci, Estefanía Enebral-Romero, Emiliano Martínez-Periñán, Marina Garrido, Emilio M. Pérez, David López-Diego, Mónica Luna, Guillermo González-de-Rivera, Tania García-Mendiola and Encarnación Lorenzo
Biosensors 2023, 13(11), 958; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13110958 - 27 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1485
Abstract
An advanced, cost-effective, and portable DNA biosensor capable of detecting multiple bacteria simultaneously has been developed. The biosensor comprises a fast and inexpensive potentiostat that controls the applied potential to a screen-printed electrochemical array platform functionalized with MoS2 flakes and bacterial DNA [...] Read more.
An advanced, cost-effective, and portable DNA biosensor capable of detecting multiple bacteria simultaneously has been developed. The biosensor comprises a fast and inexpensive potentiostat that controls the applied potential to a screen-printed electrochemical array platform functionalized with MoS2 flakes and bacterial DNA probes. The current response obtained by à la carte thionine functionalized carbon nanodots (Ty-CDs) is monitored as an electrochemical indicator of the hybridization event. The design of the potentiostat prioritizes achieving an optimal signal-to-noise ratio and incorporates a user-friendly interface compatible with various devices, including computers, mobile phones, and tablets. The device is compact, lightweight, and manufactured at a low cost. The key components of the potentiostat include a data acquisition board capable of analyzing multiple samples simultaneously and a controller board. The results of this study confirm the ability of the multiplex portable biosensor to successfully detect specific bacterial DNA sequences, demonstrating its reliability and superior performance compared with a traditional, more complex, and laboratory-oriented potentiostat. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)sensors)
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13 pages, 6345 KiB  
Article
Miniaturized Rapid Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Screen Printed Carbon Electrodes for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection
by Noura Zouaghi, Shahid Aziz, Imran Shah, Ahmed Aamouche, Dong-won Jung, Brahim Lakssir and El Mostafa Ressami
Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 589; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060589 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1451
Abstract
In 2019, over 21% of an estimated 10 million new tuberculosis (TB) patients were either not diagnosed at all or diagnosed without being reported to public health authorities. It is therefore critical to develop newer and more rapid and effective point-of-care diagnostic tools [...] Read more.
In 2019, over 21% of an estimated 10 million new tuberculosis (TB) patients were either not diagnosed at all or diagnosed without being reported to public health authorities. It is therefore critical to develop newer and more rapid and effective point-of-care diagnostic tools to combat the global TB epidemic. PCR-based diagnostic methods such as Xpert MTB/RIF are quicker than conventional techniques, but their applicability is restricted by the need for specialized laboratory equipment and the substantial cost of scaling-up in low- and middle-income countries where the burden of TB is high. Meanwhile, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) amplifies nucleic acids under isothermal conditions with a high efficiency, helps in the early detection and identification of infectious diseases, and can be performed without the need for sophisticated thermocycling equipment. In the present study, the LAMP assay was integrated with screen-printed carbon electrodes and a commercial potentiostat for real time cyclic voltammetry analysis (named as the LAMP-Electrochemical (EC) assay). The LAMP-EC assay was found to be highly specific to TB-causing bacteria and capable of detecting even a single copy of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) IS6110 DNA sequence. Overall, the LAMP-EC test developed and evaluated in the present study shows promise to become a cost-effective tool for rapid and effective diagnosis of TB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)sensors)
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17 pages, 3292 KiB  
Article
An Electrochemical o-Phthalaldehyde Sensor Using a Modified Disposable Screen-Printed Electrode with Polyacrylate Hydrogel for Concentration Verification of Clinical Disinfectant
by Richie L. C. Chen, Bo-Chuan Hsieh, Jia-Sin Lin and Tzong-Jih Cheng
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 485; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040485 - 17 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1273
Abstract
The study proposes an o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) sensor for rapid and reliable detection of OPA in healthcare disinfection practices, based on a hydrogel-modified screen-printed carbon electrode strip. The hydrogel film, which contains glycine and N-acetylcysteine, reacts with OPA to produce a reductive [...] Read more.
The study proposes an o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) sensor for rapid and reliable detection of OPA in healthcare disinfection practices, based on a hydrogel-modified screen-printed carbon electrode strip. The hydrogel film, which contains glycine and N-acetylcysteine, reacts with OPA to produce a reductive isoindole derivative. The derivative is then oxidized for OPA determination using cyclic voltammetry. The proposed sensor achieves an optimal detection time of 20–30 s and requires only a small analyte volume of 5 µL. It exhibits good precision (10%) and sensitivity (3.3 μA/cm2 mM) in a phosphate-buffered solution (pH 7.6), with excellent linearity (R2 > 0.97) and precision (<3%) in the detection range (0.2–0.6%) required for clinical OPA solutions. Moreover, the sensor demonstrates good concentration verification of Cidex-OPA disinfection in healthcare institutes, with high sensitivity (18.28 μA/cm2 mM) and precision around the minimum effective concentration (0.3%). Overall, the proposed sensor offers a promising and practical solution for accurate and reliable OPA detection in clinical disinfection practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)sensors)
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12 pages, 1971 KiB  
Article
Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction
by Beatriz A. Braz, Manuel Hospinal-Santiani, Gustavo Martins, Cristian S. Pinto, Aldo J. G. Zarbin, Breno C. B. Beirão, Vanete Thomaz-Soccol, Márcio F. Bergamini, Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior and Carlos R. Soccol
Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 885; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100885 - 17 Oct 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2004
Abstract
The development of immunosensors to detect antibodies or antigens has stood out in the face of traditional methods for diagnosing emerging diseases such as the one caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study reports the construction of a simplified electrochemical immunosensor using [...] Read more.
The development of immunosensors to detect antibodies or antigens has stood out in the face of traditional methods for diagnosing emerging diseases such as the one caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study reports the construction of a simplified electrochemical immunosensor using a graphene-binding peptide applied as a recognition site to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. A screen-printed electrode was used for sensor preparation by adding a solution of peptide and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The peptide-rGO suspension was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electrochemical characterization (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy—EIS, cyclic voltammetry—CV and differential pulse voltammetry—DPV) was performed on the modified electrode. The immunosensor response is based on the decrease in the faradaic signal of an electrochemical probe resulting from immunocomplex formation. Using the best set of experimental conditions, the analytic curve obtained showed a good linear regression (r2 = 0.913) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.77 μg mL−1 for antibody detection. The CV and EIS results proved the efficiency of device assembly. The high selectivity of the platform, which can be attributed to the peptide, was demonstrated by the decrease in the current percentage for samples with antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 S protein and the increase in the other antibodies tested. Additionally, the DPV measurements showed a clearly distinguishable response in assays against human serum samples, with sera with a response above 95% being considered negative, whereas responses below this value were considered positive. The diagnostic platform developed with specific peptides is promising and has the potential for application in the diagnosis of other infections that lead to high antibody titers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)sensors)
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Review

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38 pages, 5371 KiB  
Review
Carbon Nanomaterials-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes for Sensing Applications
by Rafael Matias Silva, Alexsandra Dias da Silva, Jéssica Rocha Camargo, Bruna Santos de Castro, Laís Muniz Meireles, Patrícia Soares Silva, Bruno Campos Janegitz and Tiago Almeida Silva
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 453; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040453 - 03 Apr 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4025
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors consisting of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are recurrent devices in the recent literature for applications in different fields of interest and contribute to the expanding electroanalytical chemistry field. This is due to inherent characteristics that can be better (or only) achieved with [...] Read more.
Electrochemical sensors consisting of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are recurrent devices in the recent literature for applications in different fields of interest and contribute to the expanding electroanalytical chemistry field. This is due to inherent characteristics that can be better (or only) achieved with the use of SPEs, including miniaturization, cost reduction, lower sample consumption, compatibility with portable equipment, and disposability. SPEs are also quite versatile; they can be manufactured using different formulations of conductive inks and substrates, and are of varied designs. Naturally, the analytical performance of SPEs is directly affected by the quality of the material used for printing and modifying the electrodes. In this sense, the most varied carbon nanomaterials have been explored for the preparation and modification of SPEs, providing devices with an enhanced electrochemical response and greater sensitivity, in addition to functionalized surfaces that can immobilize biological agents for the manufacture of biosensors. Considering the relevance and timeliness of the topic, this review aimed to provide an overview of the current scenario of the use of carbonaceous nanomaterials in the context of making electrochemical SPE sensors, from which different approaches will be presented, exploring materials traditionally investigated in electrochemistry, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, and those more recently investigated for this (carbon quantum dots, graphitic carbon nitride, and biochar). Perspectives on the use and expansion of these devices are also considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)sensors)
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16 pages, 6212 KiB  
Review
Miniaturized Microfluidic Electrochemical Biosensors Powered by Enzymatic Biofuel Cell
by Linlin Wang, Wenlei Zhu, Jianrong Zhang and Jun-Jie Zhu
Biosensors 2023, 13(2), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13020175 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2084
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors, in which enzymatic biofuel cells simultaneously work as energy power and signal generators, have become a research hotspot. They display the merits of power self-support, a simplified structure, in vivo operational feasibility, online and timely monitoring, etc. Since the concept of [...] Read more.
Electrochemical biosensors, in which enzymatic biofuel cells simultaneously work as energy power and signal generators, have become a research hotspot. They display the merits of power self-support, a simplified structure, in vivo operational feasibility, online and timely monitoring, etc. Since the concept of enzymatic biofuel cell-powered biosensors (EBFC-SPBs) was first proposed, its applications in health monitoring have scored tremendous achievements. However, the creation and practical application of portable EBFC-SPBs are still impeded by the difficulty in their miniaturization. In recent years, the booming microfluidic technology has powerfully pushed forward the progress made in miniaturized and portable EBFC-SPBs. This brief review recalls and summarizes the achievements and progress made in miniaturized EBFC-SPBs. In addition, we also discuss the advantages and challenges that microfluidic and screen-printing technologies provide to wearable and disposable EBFC-SPBs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Screen-Printed Electrochemical (Bio)sensors)
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