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Biosensors
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Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section
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Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 25287

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Michael Thompson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
Interests: biosensor technology; acoustic wave detection; chemical sensors; biocompatibility; surface chemistry and analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue “Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section” will cover all aspects of research on miniaturized devices in terms of their use in the detection and assay of biological species. The field deals with the design, fabrication and application of biosensors in the environmental analysis, food, and biopharmaceutical industries, as well as in clinical applications, point-of-care assays and general healthcare technology. The emphasis is on multiplexed and multi-analyte measurement, where rapid detection using small samples is required, especially those involving challenging sites such as required for corporeal implantable measurement. In this regard, it is expected that numerous submissions describing applications will be centered on the detection of biomarkers and particles such as bacteria and viruses. Sensor structures are anticipated to include those based on nano- and micro-electrochemical, fiber-optic, lab-on-a-chip and acoustic wave technologies.

This Special Issue will comprise original research articles, short communications, as well as review-type articles (e.g., comprehensive and critical literature reviews or review studies based on the author’s recent research experience).

In this regard, it is our pleasure to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue focusing on the most recent developments and future perspectives for biosensors, biosensing strategies and bioelectronic devices applied in vital fields such as biomedicine and the environment.

Please note we plan to convert all the published submissions into a book on the same topic, which may be of significant interest to you.

Prof. Dr. Michael Thompson
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2073 KiB  
Article
Craft-and-Stick Xurographic Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidic Electrochemical Sensing Platform
by Supatinee Kongkaew, Lingyin Meng, Warakorn Limbut, Guozhen Liu, Proespichaya Kanatharana, Panote Thavarungkul and Wing Cheung Mak
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 446; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040446 - 31 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1753
Abstract
An innovative modular approach for facile design and construction of flexible microfluidic biosensor platforms based on a dry manufacturing “craft-and-stick” approach is developed. The design and fabrication of the flexible graphene paper electrode (GPE) unit and polyethylene tetraphthalate sheet (PET)6/adhesive fluidic unit are [...] Read more.
An innovative modular approach for facile design and construction of flexible microfluidic biosensor platforms based on a dry manufacturing “craft-and-stick” approach is developed. The design and fabrication of the flexible graphene paper electrode (GPE) unit and polyethylene tetraphthalate sheet (PET)6/adhesive fluidic unit are completed by an economic and generic xurographic craft approach. The GPE widths and the microfluidic channels can be constructed down to 300 μm and 200 μm, respectively. Both units were assembled by simple double-sided adhesive tapes into a microfluidic integrated GPE (MF-iGPE) that are flexible, thin (<0.5 mm), and lightweight (0.4 g). We further functionalized the iGPE with Prussian blue and glucose oxidase for the fabrication of MF-iGPE glucose biosensors. With a closed-channel PET fluidic pattern, the MF-iGPE glucose biosensors were packaged and sealed to protect the integrated device from moisture for storage and could easily open with scissors for sample loading. Our glucose biosensors showed 2 linear dynamic regions of 0.05–1.0 and 1.0–5.5 mmol L−1 glucose. The MF-iGPE showed good reproducibility for glucose detection (RSD < 6.1%, n = 6) and required only 10 μL of the analyte. This modular craft-and-stick manufacturing approach could potentially further develop along the concept of paper-crafted model assembly kits suitable for low-resource laboratories or classroom settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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12 pages, 1933 KiB  
Article
Visualization of Polymer–Surfactant Interaction by Dual-Emissive Gold Nanocluster Labeling
by Jiaojiao Zheng, Jing Zhang, Fengniu Lu, Yi Du, Ding Cao, Shui Hu, Yang Yang and Zhiqin Yuan
Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 686; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090686 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1527
Abstract
Polymer-surfactant interaction decides the performance of corresponding complexes, making its rapid and intuitionistic visualization important for enhancing the performance of products and/or processing in related fields. In this study, the fluorescence visualization of the interaction between cationic hyperbranched polyethyleneimine and anionic sodium dodecyl [...] Read more.
Polymer-surfactant interaction decides the performance of corresponding complexes, making its rapid and intuitionistic visualization important for enhancing the performance of products and/or processing in related fields. In this study, the fluorescence visualization of the interaction between cationic hyperbranched polyethyleneimine and anionic sodium dodecyl sulfonate surfactant was realized by dual-emissive gold nanocluster labeling. The sensing mechanism was due to the interaction-induced polymer conformation change, which regulated the molecular structure and subsequent photoradiation process of the gold nanoclusters. All three inflection points of the interactions between the polymers and the surfactants were obtained by the change in fluorescence emission ratio of the designed dual-emissive gold nanoclusters. Moreover, these inflection points are verified by the hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential measurements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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15 pages, 3068 KiB  
Article
Probing the Hepatitis B Virus E-Antigen with a Nanopore Sensor Based on Collisional Events Analysis
by Ioana C. Bucataru, Isabela Dragomir, Alina Asandei, Ana-Maria Pantazica, Alina Ghionescu, Norica Branza-Nichita, Yoonkyung Park and Tudor Luchian
Biosensors 2022, 12(8), 596; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12080596 - 04 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2196
Abstract
Real-time monitoring, simple operation, and cheaper methods for detecting immunological proteins hold the potential for a solid influence on proteomics and human biology, as they can promote the onset of timely diagnoses and adequate treatment protocols. In this work we present an exploratory [...] Read more.
Real-time monitoring, simple operation, and cheaper methods for detecting immunological proteins hold the potential for a solid influence on proteomics and human biology, as they can promote the onset of timely diagnoses and adequate treatment protocols. In this work we present an exploratory study suggesting the applicability of resistive-pulse sensing technology in conjunction with the α-hemolysin (α-HL) protein nanopore, for the detection of the chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) e-antigen (HBeAg). In this approach, the recognition between HBeAg and a purified monoclonal hepatitis B e antibody (Ab(HBeAg)) was detected via transient ionic current spikes generated by partial occlusions of the α-HL nanopore by protein aggregates electrophoretically driven toward the nanopore’s vestibule entrance. Despite the steric hindrance precluding antigen, antibody, or antigen–antibody complex capture inside the nanopore, their stochastic bumping with the nanopore generated clear transient blockade events. The subsequent analysis suggested the detection of protein subpopulations in solution, rendering the approach a potentially valuable label-free platform for the sensitive, submicromolar-scale screening of HBeAg targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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13 pages, 3185 KiB  
Article
Two Biosensors for the Determination of Interleukin-6 in Blood Plasma by Array SPRi
by Beata Szymanska, Zenon Lukaszewski, Lukasz Oldak, Beata Zelazowska-Rutkowska, Kinga Hermanowicz-Szamatowicz and Ewa Gorodkiewicz
Biosensors 2022, 12(6), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12060412 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2294
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a biomarker of inflammation, the advanced stage of COVID-19, and several cancers, including ovarian cancer. Two biosensors for the determination of IL-6 in blood plasma by array SPRi have been developed. One of these biosensors consists of the mouse monoclonal [...] Read more.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a biomarker of inflammation, the advanced stage of COVID-19, and several cancers, including ovarian cancer. Two biosensors for the determination of IL-6 in blood plasma by array SPRi have been developed. One of these biosensors consists of the mouse monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibody as the receptor immobilized via the cysteamine linker. The second contains galiellalactone as the receptor, being an inhibitor specific for IL-6, immobilized via octadecanethiol (ODM) as the linker. Both biosensors are specific for IL-6. The biosensor with the antibody as the receptor gives a linear analytical response between 3 (LOQ) and 20 pg mL−1 and has a precision between 8% and 9.8% and recovery between 97% and 107%, depending on the IL-6 concentration. The biosensor with galiellalactone as the receptor gives a linear analytical response between 1.1 (LOQ) and 20 pg mL−1, and has a precision between 3.5% and 9.3% and recovery between 101% and 105%, depending on IL-6 concentration. Both biosensors were validated. Changes in IL-6 concentration in blood plasma before and after resection of ovarian tumor and endometrial cyst, as determined by the two developed biosensors, are given as an example of a real clinical application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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10 pages, 1883 KiB  
Article
From a Chemotherapeutic Drug to a High-Performance Nanocatalyst: A Fast Colorimetric Test for Cisplatin Detection at ppb Level
by Valentina Mastronardi, Mauro Moglianetti, Edoardo Ragusa, Rodolfo Zunino and Pier Paolo Pompa
Biosensors 2022, 12(6), 375; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12060375 - 30 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2025
Abstract
A rapid point-of-care method for the colorimetric detection of cisplatin was developed, exploiting the efficient conversion of the chemotherapeutic drug into a high-performance nanocatalyst with peroxidase enzyme mimics. This assay provides high specificity and ppb-detection sensitivity with the naked eye or a smartphone-based [...] Read more.
A rapid point-of-care method for the colorimetric detection of cisplatin was developed, exploiting the efficient conversion of the chemotherapeutic drug into a high-performance nanocatalyst with peroxidase enzyme mimics. This assay provides high specificity and ppb-detection sensitivity with the naked eye or a smartphone-based readout, outperforming many standard laboratory-based techniques. The nanocatalyst-enabled colorimetric assay can be integrated with machine-learning methods, providing accurate quantitative measurements. Such a combined approach opens interesting perspectives for the on-site monitoring of both chemotherapeutic patients to achieve optimal treatments and healthcare workers to prevent their unsafe exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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9 pages, 2461 KiB  
Article
A Portable Biosensor Based on Au Nanoflower Interface Combined with Electrochemical Immunochromatography for POC Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen
by Yanzhi Dou, Zhenhua Li, Jing Su and Shiping Song
Biosensors 2022, 12(5), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12050259 - 19 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2593
Abstract
Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a widely used for the detection of prostate cancer and is considered the most reliable biomarker. However, the currently reported detection methods cannot achieve rapid monitoring. Here, we report a novel electrochemical immunochromatography (EIC) system for clinically accurate [...] Read more.
Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a widely used for the detection of prostate cancer and is considered the most reliable biomarker. However, the currently reported detection methods cannot achieve rapid monitoring. Here, we report a novel electrochemical immunochromatography (EIC) system for clinically accurate PSA detection. First, we constructed a carbon interface modified with gold nanoflowers (Au NFs) based on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE), which acted as nanostructures with larger specific surface area that increased the number of PSA capture antibodies and can further improve detection signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. Then, we fabricated detection chips by combining the SPCE/Au NFs with EIC. Under optimized conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibits high accuracy, taking only 15 minutes to complete detection. By measuring the levels of PSA in clinical blood samples, the biosensor can successfully discriminate clinically diagnosed prostate cancer patients from healthy controls. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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Review

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31 pages, 3336 KiB  
Review
Critical Design Factors for Electrochemical Aptasensors Based on Target-Induced Conformational Changes: The Case of Small-Molecule Targets
by Andra Mihaela Onaş, Constanţa Dascălu, Matei D. Raicopol and Luisa Pilan
Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 816; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100816 - 01 Oct 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2831
Abstract
Nucleic-acid aptamers consisting in single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides emerged as very promising biorecognition elements for electrochemical biosensors applied in various fields such as medicine, environmental, and food safety. Despite their outstanding features, such as high-binding affinity for a broad range of targets, high stability, [...] Read more.
Nucleic-acid aptamers consisting in single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides emerged as very promising biorecognition elements for electrochemical biosensors applied in various fields such as medicine, environmental, and food safety. Despite their outstanding features, such as high-binding affinity for a broad range of targets, high stability, low cost and ease of modification, numerous challenges had to be overcome from the aptamer selection process on the design of functioning biosensing devices. Moreover, in the case of small molecules such as metabolites, toxins, drugs, etc., obtaining efficient binding aptamer sequences proved a challenging task given their small molecular surface and limited interactions between their functional groups and aptamer sequences. Thus, establishing consistent evaluation standards for aptamer affinity is crucial for the success of these aptamers in biosensing applications. In this context, this article will give an overview on the thermodynamic and structural aspects of the aptamer-target interaction, its specificity and selectivity, and will also highlight the current methods employed for determining the aptamer-binding affinity and the structural characterization of the aptamer-target complex. The critical aspects regarding the generation of aptamer-modified electrodes suitable for electrochemical sensing, such as appropriate bioreceptor immobilization strategy and experimental conditions which facilitate a convenient anchoring and stability of the aptamer, are also discussed. The review also summarizes some effective small molecule aptasensing platforms from the recent literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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41 pages, 6065 KiB  
Review
Carbon Nanotube and Its Derived Nanomaterials Based High Performance Biosensing Platform
by Jagannath Mondal, Jeong Man An, Sachin S. Surwase, Kushal Chakraborty, Sabuj Chandra Sutradhar, Joon Hwang, Jaewook Lee and Yong-Kyu Lee
Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090731 - 06 Sep 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5817
Abstract
After the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of an accurate diagnosis and monitoring of diseases became a more important issue. In order to fabricate high-performance and sensitive biosensors, many researchers and scientists have used many kinds of nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal [...] Read more.
After the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of an accurate diagnosis and monitoring of diseases became a more important issue. In order to fabricate high-performance and sensitive biosensors, many researchers and scientists have used many kinds of nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal oxide NPs, quantum dots (QDs), and carbon nanomaterials including graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Among them, CNTs have been considered important biosensing channel candidates due to their excellent physical properties such as high electrical conductivity, strong mechanical properties, plasmonic properties, and so on. Thus, in this review, CNT-based biosensing systems are introduced and various sensing approaches such as electrochemical, optical, and electrical methods are reported. Moreover, such biosensing platforms showed excellent sensitivity and high selectivity against not only viruses but also virus DNA structures. So, based on the amazing potential of CNTs-based biosensing systems, healthcare and public health can be significantly improved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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30 pages, 19042 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Digital Biosensing Technology
by Kathrine Curtin, Bethany J. Fike, Brandi Binkley, Toktam Godary and Peng Li
Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090673 - 23 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3395
Abstract
Digital biosensing assays demonstrate remarkable advantages over conventional biosensing systems because of their ability to achieve single-molecule detection and absolute quantification. Unlike traditional low-abundance biomarking screening, digital-based biosensing systems reduce sample volumes significantly to the fL-nL level, which vastly reduces overall reagent consumption, [...] Read more.
Digital biosensing assays demonstrate remarkable advantages over conventional biosensing systems because of their ability to achieve single-molecule detection and absolute quantification. Unlike traditional low-abundance biomarking screening, digital-based biosensing systems reduce sample volumes significantly to the fL-nL level, which vastly reduces overall reagent consumption, improves reaction time and throughput, and enables high sensitivity and single target detection. This review presents the current technology for compartmentalizing reactions and their applications in detecting proteins and nucleic acids. We also analyze existing challenges and future opportunities associated with digital biosensing and research opportunities for developing integrated digital biosensing systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Issue of Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biosensors Section)
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