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Biosensors
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Nanomaterials for Biosensors
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Nanomaterials for Biosensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 6312

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Libo Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: nanomaterials; electrochemistry; electrochemiluminescence; fluorescent sensing
Dr. Lijun Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: aptasensor; nanomaterials; electrochemistry; electrochemiluminescence
Dr. Ruizhong Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: nanomaterials; electrochemiluminescence; electrochemistry; electroanalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biosensors are a type of analytical device that are applied to detect chemical and biological substances by converting their concentration into electrical signals for output. Biosensors consist of biological recognition components including DNA, RNA, antibodies, enzymes, cells, aptamers, and physicochemical transducers such as electrical, optical, chemical, physical detectors. Due to their high sensitivity, good selectivity, and fast analysis speed, biosensors have been widely applied in various sectors of the national economy such as food quality, pharmaceutical, chemical, clinical laboratory, biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and so on. In recent years, the rapid development of nanotechnology has provided a rare opportunity for the fabrication of new biosensors. Nano-biosensors are the fusion of nanotechnology and biosensors, which have become a significant research hotspot. However, the new nano-biosensors also face many challenges, such as sensitivity, specificity, biocompatibility, integration of multiple technologies, simplified detection methods, preparation processes, cost-effectiveness, etc.

This Special Issue of Biosensors aims to supply a platform for publishing original high-quality research papers and comprehensive reviews related to the design and synthesis of any nanomaterials and their application in biosensors. Any type of experimental and theoretical research about biosensors in nanotechnology is welome.

Dr. Libo Li
Dr. Lijun Luo
Dr. Ruizhong Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanotechnology
  • nanomaterials
  • biosensors
  • optical sensors
  • electrochemical sensors
  • electrochemiluminescence sensors
  • photoelectrochemical sensor
  • sensitivity and selectivity
  • environmental monitoring

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2035 KiB  
Article
Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Biosensor for Quantization of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 in Serum via Target-Induced Cleavage of Oligopeptide
by Manping Qian, Yu Zeng, Meng Li, Qiang Gao, Chengxiao Zhang and Honglan Qi
Biosensors 2024, 14(4), 181; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14040181 - 08 Apr 2024
Viewed by 404
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was developed for the determination of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) in serum via the target-induced cleavage of an oligopeptide. One ECL probe (named as Ir-peptide) was synthesized by covalently linking a new cyclometalated iridium(III) [...] Read more.
A highly sensitive and selective electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was developed for the determination of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) in serum via the target-induced cleavage of an oligopeptide. One ECL probe (named as Ir-peptide) was synthesized by covalently linking a new cyclometalated iridium(III) complex ([(3-pba)2Ir(bpy-COOH)](PF6)) (3-pba = 3-(2-pyridyl) benzaldehyde, bpy-COOH = 4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid) with an oligopeptide (CGVPLSLTMGKGGK). An ECL biosensor was fabricated by firstly casting Nafion and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on a glassy carbon electrode and then self-assembling both of the ECL probes, 6-mercapto-1-hexanol and zwitterionic peptide, on the electrode surface, from which the AuNPs could be used to amplify the ECL signal and Ir-peptide could serve as an ECL probe to detect the MMP-3. Thanks to the MMP-3-induced cleavage of the oligopeptide contributing to the decrease in ECL intensity and the amplification of the ECL signal using AuNPs, the ECL biosensor could selectively and sensitively quantify MMP-3 in the concentration range of 10–150 ng·mL−1 and with both a limit of quantification (26.7 ng·mL−1) and a limit of detection (8.0 ng·mL−1) via one-step recognition. In addition, the developed ECL biosensor showed good performance in the quantization of MMP-3 in serum samples, with a recovery of 92.6% ± 2.8%–105.6% ± 5.0%. An increased level of MMP-3 was found in the serum of rheumatoid arthritis patients compared with that of healthy people. This work provides a sensitive and selective biosensing method for the detection of MMP-3 in human serum, which is promising in the identification of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensors)
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14 pages, 3337 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical Determination of Hazardous Herbicide Diuron Using MWCNTs-CS@NGQDs Composite-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes
by Jin Zhu, Yi He, Lijun Luo, Libo Li and Tianyan You
Biosensors 2023, 13(8), 808; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13080808 - 11 Aug 2023
Viewed by 963
Abstract
Diuron (DU) abuse in weed removal and shipping pollution prevention always leads to pesticide residues and poses a risk to human health. In the current research, an innovative electrochemical sensor for DU detection was created using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) that had [...] Read more.
Diuron (DU) abuse in weed removal and shipping pollution prevention always leads to pesticide residues and poses a risk to human health. In the current research, an innovative electrochemical sensor for DU detection was created using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) that had been modified with chitosan-encapsulated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-CS) combined with nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs). The NGQDs were prepared by high-temperature pyrolysis, and the MWCNTs-CS@NGQDs composite was further prepared by ultrasonic assembly. TEM, UV-Vis, and zeta potential tests were performed to investigate the morphology and properties of MWCNTs-CS@NGQDs. CV and EIS measurements revealed that the assembly of MWCNTs and CS improved the electron transfer ability and effective active area of MWCNTs. Moreover, the introduction of NGQDs further enhanced the detection sensitivity of the designed sensor. The MWCNTs-CS@NGQDs/GCE electrochemical sensor exhibited a wide linear range (0.08~12 μg mL−1), a low limit of detection (0.04 μg mL−1), and high sensitivity (31.62 μA (μg mL−1)−1 cm−2) for DU detection. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrated good anti-interference performance, reproducibility, and stability. This approach has been effectively employed to determine DU in actual samples, with recovery ranges of 99.4~104% in river water and 90.0~94.6% in soil. The developed electrochemical sensor is a useful tool to detect DU, which is expected to provide a convenient and easy analytical technique for the determination of various bioactive species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensors)
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12 pages, 6399 KiB  
Communication
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Array Modified Electrode with 3D Sensing Interface as Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for Multidrug-Resistant Gene Detection
by Ruiting Chen, Hejing Chen, Huaping Peng, Yanjie Zheng, Zhen Lin and Xinhua Lin
Biosensors 2023, 13(8), 764; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13080764 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1160
Abstract
Drug resistance in cancer is associated with overexpression of the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene, leading to the failure of cancer chemotherapy treatment. Therefore, the establishment of an effective method for the detection of the MDR1 gene is extremely crucial in cancer clinical therapy. [...] Read more.
Drug resistance in cancer is associated with overexpression of the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene, leading to the failure of cancer chemotherapy treatment. Therefore, the establishment of an effective method for the detection of the MDR1 gene is extremely crucial in cancer clinical therapy. Here, we report a novel DNA biosensor based on an aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) array modified electrode with 3D nanostructure for the determination of the MDR1 gene. The microstructure of the modified electrode was observed by an atomic force microscope (AFM), which demonstrated that the electrode interface was arranged in orderly needle-shaped protrusion arrays. The electrochemical properties of the biosensor were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Chronocoulometry (CC) was used for the quantitative detection of the MDR1 gene. Taking advantage of the good conductivity and large electrode area of the MWCNT arrays, this electrochemical DNA sensor achieved a dynamic range from 1.0 × 10−12 M to 1.0 × 10−8 M with a minimal detection limit of 6.4 × 10−13 M. In addition, this proposed DNA biosensor exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, which may be useful for the trace analysis of the MDR1 gene in complex samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensors)
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9 pages, 3086 KiB  
Article
Hierarchical Structure of Gold and Carbon Electrode for Bilirubin Oxidase-Biocathode
by Yuto Nakagawa, Seiya Tsujimura, Marc Zelsmann and Abdelkader Zebda
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 482; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040482 - 17 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1218
Abstract
Biofuel cells (BFCs) with enzymatic electrocatalysts have attracted significant attention, especially as power sources for wearable and implantable devices; however, the applications of BFCs are limited owing to the limited O2 supply. This can be addressed by using air-diffusion-type bilirubin oxidase (BOD) [...] Read more.
Biofuel cells (BFCs) with enzymatic electrocatalysts have attracted significant attention, especially as power sources for wearable and implantable devices; however, the applications of BFCs are limited owing to the limited O2 supply. This can be addressed by using air-diffusion-type bilirubin oxidase (BOD) cathodes, and thus the further development of the hierarchical structure of porous electrodes with highly effective specific surface areas is critical. In this study, a porous layer of gold is deposited over magnesium-oxide-templated carbon (MgOC) to form BOD-based biocathodes for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Porous gold structures are constructed via electrochemical deposition of gold via dynamic hydrogen bubble templating (DHBT). Hydrogen bubbles used as a template and controlled by the Coulomb number yield a porous gold structure during the electrochemical deposition process. The current density of the ORR catalyzed by BOD without a redox mediator on the gold-modified MgOC electrode was 1.3 times higher than that of the ORR on the MgOC electrode. Furthermore, the gold-deposited electrodes were modified with aromatic thiols containing negatively charged functional groups to improve the orientation of BOD on the electrode surface to facilitate efficient electron transfer at the heterogeneous surface, thereby achieving an ORR current of 12 mA cm−2 at pH 5 and 25 °C. These results suggest that DHBT is an efficient method for the fabrication of nanostructured electrodes that promote direct electron transfer with oxidoreductase enzymes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensors)
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14 pages, 64528 KiB  
Article
Advanced Urea Precursors Driven NiCo2O4 Nanostructures Based Non-Enzymatic Urea Sensor for Milk and Urine Real Sample Applications
by Sanjha Mangrio, Aneela Tahira, Abdul Sattar Chang, Ihsan Ali Mahar, Mehnaz Markhand, Aqeel Ahmed Shah, Shymaa S. Medany, Ayman Nafady, Elmuez A. Dawi, Lama M. A. Saleem, E. M. Mustafa, Brigitte Vigolo and Zafar Hussain Ibupoto
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040444 - 31 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2078
Abstract
The electrochemical performance of NiCo2O4 with urea precursors was evaluated in order to develop a non-enzymatic urea sensor. In this study, NiCo2O4 nanostructures were synthesized hydrothermally at different concentrations of urea and characterized using scanning electron microscopy [...] Read more.
The electrochemical performance of NiCo2O4 with urea precursors was evaluated in order to develop a non-enzymatic urea sensor. In this study, NiCo2O4 nanostructures were synthesized hydrothermally at different concentrations of urea and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Nanostructures of NiCo2O4 exhibit a nanorod-like morphology and a cubic phase crystal structure. Urea can be detected with high sensitivity through NiCo2O4 nanostructures driven by urea precursors under alkaline conditions. A low limit of detection of 0.05 and an analytical range of 0.1 mM to 10 mM urea are provided. The concentration of 006 mM was determined by cyclic voltammetry. Chronoamperometry was used to determine the linear range in the range of 0.1 mM to 8 mM. Several analytical parameters were assessed, including selectivity, stability, and repeatability. NiCo2O4 nanostructures can also be used to detect urea in various biological samples in a practical manner. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensors)
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