Genetically Encoded Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical and Photonic Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 3717

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Guest Editor
Department of Genetics and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
Interests: protein engineering; near-infrared fluorescent proteins (NIR FPs) engineered from bacterial phytochromes (BphPs); genetically encoded biosensors and optogenetic tools
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Genetically encoded biosensors (GEBs) have revolutionized modern science. Sensing and measuring biochemical changes within a cellular compartment or specific cell type in a transgenic organism without perturbing the metabolism of the experimental subject have always been difficult for scientists. By following the discovery of fluorescent and bioluminescent proteins, as well as bringing microscopy and directed molecular evolution techniques to the next level, the development of advanced genetically encoded biosensors became possible. Scientists from around the world have put tremendous effort into the creation of GEBs that measure concentrations and activity levels of molecules or ions. The research is steadily approaching to the point where genetically encoded biosensors will be routinely used to monitor long-term signaling processes during the development, disease progression, and aging of a transgenic organism. 

We encourage you to share your findings and ideas in the field of genetically encoded biosensors. This Special Issue will cover all possible types of current GEBs, challenges in their design, a plethora of their applications across scales, their multiplexing, tools required to work with GEBs, and future outlooks. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers are welcome to share their ideas and discoveries on how genetically encoded biosensors could be used in drug discovery.

Dr. Mikhail Baloban
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • genetically encoded biosensors (GEBs)
  • fluorescent proteins (FPs)
  • bioluminescent proteins (BPs)
  • sensing unit (SU)

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 2428 KiB  
Article
Probing Subcellular Iron Availability with Genetically Encoded Nitric Oxide Biosensors
by Gulsah Sevimli, Amy E. Alston, Felix Funk, Beat Flühmann, Roland Malli, Wolfgang F. Graier and Emrah Eroglu
Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 903; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100903 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3335
Abstract
Cellular iron supply is required for various biochemical processes. Measuring bioavailable iron in cells aids in obtaining a better understanding of its biochemical activities but is technically challenging. Existing techniques have several constraints that make precise localization difficult, and the lack of a [...] Read more.
Cellular iron supply is required for various biochemical processes. Measuring bioavailable iron in cells aids in obtaining a better understanding of its biochemical activities but is technically challenging. Existing techniques have several constraints that make precise localization difficult, and the lack of a functional readout makes it unclear whether the tested labile iron is available for metalloproteins. Here, we use geNOps; a ferrous iron-dependent genetically encoded fluorescent nitric oxide (NO) biosensor, to measure available iron in cellular locales. We exploited the nitrosylation-dependent fluorescence quenching of geNOps as a direct readout for cellular iron absorption, distribution, and availability. Our findings show that, in addition to ferrous iron salts, the complex of iron (III) with N,N’-bis (2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N’-diacetic acid (HBED) can activate the iron (II)-dependent NO probe within intact cells. Cell treatment for only 20 min with iron sucrose was also sufficient to activate the biosensor in the cytosol and mitochondria significantly; however, ferric carboxymaltose failed to functionalize the probe, even after 2 h of cell treatment. Our findings show that the geNOps approach detects available iron (II) in cultured cells and can be applied to assay functional iron (II) at the (sub)cellular level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetically Encoded Biosensors for Biomedical Applications)
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