DNA Based Biosensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 8160

Special Issue Editor

INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
Interests: biosensors; food security; nanoparticles; bacterial pathogens; biophysics; diagnosis; nanobiotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rapid and accurate detection of DNA biomarkers is urgently needed in various fields of human/animal care testing and food/environmental monitoring. Conventional detection methods based on bulk instrumentation or traditional immunoassays, serological tests, and culture methods are time-consuming and require costly lab equipment, trained personnel, and special conditions. Biosensor research has undergone rapid growth in recent years, offering new concepts in DNA biomarker recognition, miniaturization, multiplex analysis, and readout signal enhancement. Biosensors are thus a powerful alternative to conventional methods. Remarkable progress has been achieved over the past few decades in creating biosensors and assays for DNA detection. The advancing field of point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic devices integrating molecular methods, biosensors, microfluidics, nanomaterials, optics, and electronics offers new paths for rapid, low-cost detection of target nucleic acid sequences. At the same time, the fields of micro- and nanofabrication are providing new strategies to improve the analytical performances and cost-effectiveness of advanced biosensors. This Special Issue will present the latest trends of DNA biosensors for applications. Topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

  • Creation of low-cost portable DNA biosensors for in situ measurement; 
  • New DNA immobilization strategies for optical, electrochemical, magnetic, and acoustic transduction;
  • DNA biosensors with integrated nanomaterials;
  • Novel DNA biomarker discovery and their detection;
  • Aptamer-based biosensors;
  • Design and development of DNA probes: the rational designed DNA probes;
  • Synthetic nucleic acid polymers application in the biosensor field;
  • G-quadruplex-based aptasensors;
  • “Lab-on-a-chip” sensors;
  • Point-of-care devices and online monitoring;
  • Paper-based biosensors;
  • Wearable biosensors.

Dr. Jasmina Vidic
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • portable DNA biosensors
  • immobilization strategies
  • Apta-sensors
  • DNA probes
  • synthetic nucleic acid polymers
  • G-quadruplex
  • paper-based biosensors
  • wearable biosensors

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3967 KiB  
Article
Conductive Ink-Coated Paper-Based Supersandwich DNA Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
by Niharika Gupta, D. Kumar, Asmita Das, Seema Sood and Bansi D. Malhotra
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 486; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040486 - 18 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1610
Abstract
Herein, we report results of the studies relating to the development of an impedimetric, magnetic bead-assisted supersandwich DNA hybridization assay for ultrasensitive detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of a sexually transmitted infection (STI), gonorrhea. First, a conductive ink was formulated [...] Read more.
Herein, we report results of the studies relating to the development of an impedimetric, magnetic bead-assisted supersandwich DNA hybridization assay for ultrasensitive detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of a sexually transmitted infection (STI), gonorrhea. First, a conductive ink was formulated by homogenously dispersing carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTs) in a stable emulsion of terpineol and an aqueous suspension of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The ink, labeled C5, was coated onto paper substrates to fabricate C5@paper conductive electrodes. Thereafter, a magnetic bead (MB)-assisted supersandwich DNA hybridization assay was optimized against the porA pseudogene of N. gonorrhoeae. For this purpose, a pair of specific 5′ aminated capture probes (SCP) and supersandwich detector probes (SDP) was designed, which allowed the enrichment of target gonorrheal DNA sequence from a milieu of substances. The SD probe was designed such that instead of 1:1 binding, it allowed the binding of more than one T strand, leading to a ‘ladder-like’ DNA supersandwich structure. The MB-assisted supersandwich assay was integrated into the C5@paper electrodes for electrochemical analysis. The C5@paper electrodes were found to be highly conductive by a four-probe conductivity method (maximum conductivity of 10.1 S·cm−1). Further, the biosensing assay displayed a wide linear range of 100 aM-100 nM (109 orders of magnitude) with an excellent sensitivity of 22.6 kΩ·(log[concentration])−1. The clinical applicability of the biosensing assay was assessed by detecting genomic DNA extracted from N. gonorrhoeae in the presence of DNA from different non-gonorrheal bacterial species. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a highly sensitive, cost-effective, and label-free paper-based device for STI diagnostics. The ink formulation prepared for the study was found to be highly thixotropic, which indicates that the paper electrodes can be screen-printed in a reproducible and scalable manner. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue DNA Based Biosensors)
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16 pages, 2870 KiB  
Article
A Novel Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on a New Platform of Samarium Molybdate Flower-like Nanoparticles@Poly(pyrrole) for Non-Invasive Determination of Saliva CORTISOL
by Zahra Rezapoor-Fashtali, Mohammad Reza Ganjali and Farnoush Faridbod
Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 720; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090720 - 03 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2458
Abstract
Cortisol, a famous stress biomarker, can be considered a potential predictor of cardiac diseases in humans. The presence of cortisol in saliva has encouraged researchers to design point-of-care devices for cortisol concentration in biological fluids. Here, human salivary cortisol was analyzed through a [...] Read more.
Cortisol, a famous stress biomarker, can be considered a potential predictor of cardiac diseases in humans. The presence of cortisol in saliva has encouraged researchers to design point-of-care devices for cortisol concentration in biological fluids. Here, human salivary cortisol was analyzed through a new non-invasive voltammetric aptasensor. Although cortisol is an electroactive compound, generally, the reduction in the current peak has been considered; however, this does not show a strong signal on a bare electrode surface, especially at low concentration levels. Hence, in this study, cortisol concentration was measured electrochemically and indirectly by monitoring the difference between electrochemical probe signals in the presence and absence of cortisol. A new polymeric nanocomposite of samarium molybdate flower-like nanoparticles decorated in poly(pyrrole) was electro-synthesized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. Then, reduced graphene oxide was cast on the surface. Finally, the cortisol aptamer was immobilized covalently on the reduced graphene oxide. This platform was used to increase the oxidation current peak of the ferricyanide solution as a probe as well as its electrocatalyst. The novel designed polymeric has the potential ability for effective immobilization of aptamers on the electrode surface without decreasing their biological activities. Additionally, it can enhance the probe electrochemical signal. The differential pulse voltammetric method (DPV) was applied as the detection technique. By optimizing the effective parameters, a determination range of 5.0 × 10−14–1.5 × 10−11 mol/L and a limit of detection of 4.5 × 10−14 mol/L were obtained. Selectivity of the proposed aptasensor relative to β-estradiol, progesterone and also prednisolone was studied as well. Finally, cortisol in a healthy human saliva sample was successfully analyzed by the proposed biosensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue DNA Based Biosensors)
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Review

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28 pages, 5314 KiB  
Review
A Review of Detection Methods for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE) Genes: From Conventional Approaches to Potentially Electrochemical DNA Biosensors
by Nor Dyana Zakaria, Hairul Hisham Hamzah, Ibrahim Luqman Salih, Venugopal Balakrishnan and Khairunisak Abdul Razak
Biosensors 2023, 13(2), 294; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13020294 - 18 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3417
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) genes are bacteria strains generated from Gram-positive bacteria and resistant to one of the glycopeptides antibiotics, commonly, vancomycin. VRE genes have been identified worldwide and exhibit considerable phenotypic and genotypic variations. There are six identified phenotypes of vancomycin-resistant genes: VanA, [...] Read more.
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) genes are bacteria strains generated from Gram-positive bacteria and resistant to one of the glycopeptides antibiotics, commonly, vancomycin. VRE genes have been identified worldwide and exhibit considerable phenotypic and genotypic variations. There are six identified phenotypes of vancomycin-resistant genes: VanA, VanB, VanC, VanD, VanE, and VanG. The VanA and VanB strains are often found in the clinical laboratory because they are very resistant to vancomycin. VanA bacteria can pose significant issues for hospitalized patients due to their ability to spread to other Gram-positive infections, which changes their genetic material to increase their resistance to the antibiotics used during treatment. This review summarizes the established methods for detecting VRE strains utilizing traditional, immunoassay, and molecular approaches and then focuses on potential electrochemical DNA biosensors to be developed. However, from the literature search, no information was reported on developing electrochemical biosensors for detecting VRE genes; only the electrochemical detection of vancomycin-susceptible bacteria was reported. Thus, strategies to create robust, selective, and miniaturized electrochemical DNA biosensor platforms to detect VRE genes are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue DNA Based Biosensors)
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