Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 17822

Special Issue Editors

School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Interests: biomarkers; accurate diagnosis; biosensors, micro-fluidic chip; POCT; electrochemistry
Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: biomaterials design; molecular recognition; machine learning
School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Interests: electrochemistry; electrochemiluminescence; biosensors; immunoassay; nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Detection of diseases at the early stage is important both for patient health and the reduction of treatment costs. Therefore, it is important to have highly sensitive and diverse techniques that can be effective in the early stages of diseases. Miniaturized, economic, and practical devices that have the capacity to replace time-consuming laboratory analyses are urgently needed for diagnostic processes. Electrochemical biosensors play a significant role in point-of-care testing (POCT) diagnostics because they are rapid, real-time, cost-effective, able for miniaturization, and intelligent. Hence, this Special Issue "Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection" focuses on the recent advances of electrochemical biosensors in the sensitivity amplification strategies, point-of-care diagnostics, nanotechnology, and their applications in the detection and discovery of disease biomarkers (DNA, RNA, antigen, antibody, small molecules, and, etc.). We invite submissions of research that help to advance the field of electrochemical biosensors and their application for high-throughput analysis of disease biomarkers.

Prof. Dr. Li Wu
Prof. Dr. Lingyan Feng
Dr. Jinxia Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • electrochemical biosensors
  • biomarkers
  • signal amplification
  • POCT
  • DNA
  • RNA
  • antigen
  • antibody
  • small molecules

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 5951 KiB  
Article
Mn3O4/NiO Nanoparticles Decorated on Carbon Nanofibers as an Enzyme-Free Electrochemical Sensor for Glucose Detection
by Mengjie Li, Jie Dong, Dongmei Deng, Xun Ouyang, Xiaoxia Yan, Shima Liu and Liqiang Luo
Biosensors 2023, 13(2), 264; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13020264 - 13 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1764
Abstract
Transition metal oxides have garnered a lot of attention in the field of electrocatalysis along with their unique crystal structure and excellent catalytic properties. In this study, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) decorated with Mn3O4/NiO nanoparticles were made using electrospinning and [...] Read more.
Transition metal oxides have garnered a lot of attention in the field of electrocatalysis along with their unique crystal structure and excellent catalytic properties. In this study, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) decorated with Mn3O4/NiO nanoparticles were made using electrospinning and calcination. The conductive network constructed by CNFs not only facilitates electron transport, but also provides landing sites for nanoparticles, thus reducing nanoparticle aggregation and exposing more active sites. Additionally, the synergistic interaction between Mn3O4 and NiO improved electrocatalytic capacity for glucose oxidation. The Mn3O4/NiO/CNFs modified glassy carbon electrode shows satisfactory results in terms of linear range and anti-interference capability for glucose detection, suggesting that the constructed enzyme-free sensor has a promising application in clinical diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection)
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11 pages, 4407 KiB  
Article
A Dual-Function Wearable Electrochemical Sensor for Uric Acid and Glucose Sensing in Sweat
by Zhanhong Li, Yuwei Wang, Zheyuan Fan, Yufan Sun, Yue Sun, Yiduo Yang, Yifan Zhang, Junjie Ma, Zifeng Wang and Zhigang Zhu
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010105 - 06 Jan 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3878
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of uric acid and glucose using a non-invasive approach can be a promising strategy for related diseases, e.g., diabetes, gout, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we have proposed a dual-function wearable electrochemical sensor for uric acid and glucose [...] Read more.
Simultaneous detection of uric acid and glucose using a non-invasive approach can be a promising strategy for related diseases, e.g., diabetes, gout, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we have proposed a dual-function wearable electrochemical sensor for uric acid and glucose detection in sweat. The sensor with a four-electrode system was prepared by printing the ink on a common rubber glove. CV and chronoamperometry were used to characterize the prepared sensor’s electrochemical sensing performance. The sensors exhibited the linear range from 0 to 1.6 mM and 0 to 3.7 mM towards uric acid and glucose electrochemical sensing in phosphate-buffered solution, with the corresponding limit of detection of 3.58 μM and 9.10 μM obtained, respectively. Moreover, the sensors had shown their feasibility of real sample sensing in sweat. The linear detection range for uric acid (0 to 40 μM) and glucose (0 to 1.6 mM) in the sweat can well cover their concentration range in physiological conditions. The prepared dual-function wearable electrochemical sensor features easy preparation, fast detection, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and the practical application potential in uric acid and glucose sensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection)
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10 pages, 2678 KiB  
Article
Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay Based on Signal Amplification of 0D Au—2D WS2 Nano-Hybrid Materials
by Qile Li, Ke Xu, Haipeng Zhang, Zengguang Huang, Chao Xu, Zhen Zhou, Huaping Peng and Linxing Shi
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010058 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2052
Abstract
In this study, we proposed a novel Ru(bpy)32+-Au-WS2 nanocomposite (Ru-Au-WS2 NCs) nano-hybrid electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe for the highly sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). This system utilizes Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) as a bridge to graft the high-performance [...] Read more.
In this study, we proposed a novel Ru(bpy)32+-Au-WS2 nanocomposite (Ru-Au-WS2 NCs) nano-hybrid electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe for the highly sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). This system utilizes Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) as a bridge to graft the high-performance of a Ru(bpy)32+ ECL emitter and WS2 nanosheet with excellent electrochemical performance into an ECL platform, which shows outstanding anodic ECL performance and biosensing platform due to the synergetic effect and biocompatibility of Au NPs and WS2 nanosheet. Because the ECL intensity of Ru(bpy)32+ is sensitively affected by the antibody-antigen insulator, a preferable linear dependence was obtained in the concentration range of CEA from 1 pg·mL−1 to 350 ng·mL−1 with high selectivity (LOD of 0.3 pg·mL−1, S/N = 3). Moreover, the ECL platform had good reproducibility and stability and exhibited excellent anti-interference performance in the detection process of CEA. We believe that the platform we have developed can expand the opportunities for the detection of additional high specificity-related antibodies/antigens and demonstrate broad prospects for disease diagnosis and biochemical research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection)
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10 pages, 2032 KiB  
Article
Target Recognition– and HCR Amplification–Induced In Situ Electrochemical Signal Probe Synthesis Strategy for Trace ctDNA Analysis
by Aiting Cai, Luxia Yang, Xiaoxia Kang, Jinxia Liu, Feng Wang, Haiwei Ji, Qi Wang, Mingmin Wu, Guo Li, Xiaobo Zhou, Yuling Qin and Li Wu
Biosensors 2022, 12(11), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12110989 - 08 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1435
Abstract
An electrochemical-DNA (E-DNA) sensor was constructed by using DNA metallization to produce an electrochemical signal reporter in situ and hybridization chain reaction (HCR) as signal amplification strategy. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique was used to characterize the electrochemical solid-state Ag/AgCl process. Moreover, the [...] Read more.
An electrochemical-DNA (E-DNA) sensor was constructed by using DNA metallization to produce an electrochemical signal reporter in situ and hybridization chain reaction (HCR) as signal amplification strategy. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique was used to characterize the electrochemical solid-state Ag/AgCl process. Moreover, the enzyme cleavage technique was introduced to reduce background signals and further improve recognition accuracy. On the basis of these techniques, the as-prepared E-DNA sensor exhibited superior sensing performance for trace ctDNA analysis with a detection range of 0.5 fM to 10 pM and a detection limit of 7 aM. The proposed E-DNA sensor also displayed excellent selectivity, satisfied repeatability and stability, and had good recovery, all of which supports its potential applications for future clinical sample analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection)
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Review

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36 pages, 2859 KiB  
Review
Newly Developed Electrochemiluminescence Based on Bipolar Electrochemistry for Multiplex Biosensing Applications: A Consolidated Review
by Christopher Mwanza and Shou-Nian Ding
Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 666; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060666 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2337
Abstract
Recently, there has been an upsurge in the extent to which electrochemiluminescence (ECL) working in synergy with bipolar electrochemistry (BPE) is being applied in simple biosensing devices, especially in a clinical setup. The key objective of this particular write-up is to present a [...] Read more.
Recently, there has been an upsurge in the extent to which electrochemiluminescence (ECL) working in synergy with bipolar electrochemistry (BPE) is being applied in simple biosensing devices, especially in a clinical setup. The key objective of this particular write-up is to present a consolidated review of ECL-BPE, providing a three-dimensional perspective incorporating its strengths, weaknesses, limitations, and potential applications as a biosensing technique. The review encapsulates critical insights into the latest and novel developments in the field of ECL-BPE, including innovative electrode designs and newly developed, novel luminophores and co-reactants employed in ECL-BPE systems, along with challenges, such as optimization of the interelectrode distance, electrode miniaturization and electrode surface modification for enhancing sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, this consolidated review will provide an overview of the latest, novel applications and advances made in this field with a bias toward multiplex biosensing based on the past five years of research. The studies reviewed herein, indicate that the technology is rapidly advancing at an outstanding purse and has an immense potential to revolutionize the general field of biosensing. This perspective aims to stimulate innovative ideas and inspire researchers alike to incorporate some elements of ECL-BPE into their studies, thereby steering this field into previously unexplored domains that may lead to unexpected, interesting discoveries. For instance, the application of ECL-BPE in other challenging and complex sample matrices such as hair for bioanalytical purposes is currently an unexplored area. Of great significance, a substantial fraction of the content in this review article is based on content from research articles published between the years 2018 and 2023. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection)
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25 pages, 6989 KiB  
Review
Recent Development of Neural Microelectrodes with Dual-Mode Detection
by Meng Xu, Yuewu Zhao, Guanghui Xu, Yuehu Zhang, Shengkai Sun, Yan Sun, Jine Wang and Renjun Pei
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010059 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3528
Abstract
Neurons communicate through complex chemical and electrophysiological signal patterns to develop a tight information network. A physiological or pathological event cannot be explained by signal communication mode. Therefore, dual-mode electrodes can simultaneously monitor the chemical and electrophysiological signals in the brain. They have [...] Read more.
Neurons communicate through complex chemical and electrophysiological signal patterns to develop a tight information network. A physiological or pathological event cannot be explained by signal communication mode. Therefore, dual-mode electrodes can simultaneously monitor the chemical and electrophysiological signals in the brain. They have been invented as an essential tool for brain science research and brain-computer interface (BCI) to obtain more important information and capture the characteristics of the neural network. Electrochemical sensors are the most popular methods for monitoring neurochemical levels in vivo. They are combined with neural microelectrodes to record neural electrical activity. They simultaneously detect the neurochemical and electrical activity of neurons in vivo using high spatial and temporal resolutions. This paper systematically reviews the latest development of neural microelectrodes depending on electrode materials for simultaneous in vivo electrochemical sensing and electrophysiological signal recording. This includes carbon-based microelectrodes, silicon-based microelectrode arrays (MEAs), and ceramic-based MEAs, focusing on the latest progress since 2018. In addition, the structure and interface design of various types of neural microelectrodes have been comprehensively described and compared. This could be the key to simultaneously detecting electrochemical and electrophysiological signals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection)
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20 pages, 4016 KiB  
Review
Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials for Diagnosis of Human Respiratory Diseases
by Chunmei Li, Bo Che and Linhong Deng
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010012 - 22 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1714
Abstract
In recent years, respiratory diseases have increasingly become a global concern, largely due to the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This inevitably causes great attention to be given to the development of highly efficient and minimal or non-invasive methods for the diagnosis [...] Read more.
In recent years, respiratory diseases have increasingly become a global concern, largely due to the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This inevitably causes great attention to be given to the development of highly efficient and minimal or non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. And electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanomaterials show great potential in fulfilling the requirement, not only because of the superior performance of electrochemical analysis, but also given the excellent properties of the carbon nanomaterials. In this paper, we review the most recent advances in research, development and applications of electrochemical biosensors based on the use of carbon nanomaterials for diagnosis of human respiratory diseases in the last 10 years. We first briefly introduce the characteristics of several common human respiratory diseases, including influenza, COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis and lung cancer. Then, we describe the working principles and fabrication of various electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanomaterials used for diagnosis of these respiratory diseases. Finally, we summarize the advantages, challenges, and future perspectives for the currently available electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanomaterials for detecting human respiratory diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Biosensors for Disease Detection)
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