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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Genetically Modified Probiotics for Cardio-Metabolic and Gut Microbiome Health
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Genetically Modified Probiotics for Cardio-Metabolic and Gut Microbiome Health

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2023) | Viewed by 5094

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ravichandra Vemuri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Wake Forest School for Medicine, Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
Interests: microbiome; metabolism; probiotics; aging; hypertension
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Probiotics confer health benefits to the host when they survive the gastric environment (low pH, highly acidic) and are administered at the right amount, and can be used to produce short-chain fatty acids and various products that boost human health. Although probiotics are attractive options for modulating the gut microbiome in patients with cardio-metabolic conditions (including hypertension), it is still unclear whether they provide health benefits. Instead, the application of genetically modified or engineered probiotics, including but not limited to Lactobacillus spp., to target specific tissues and cells rather than the whole body might be a new modality to develop therapeutic approaches on a clinical scale. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide a common platform for researchers and clinicians working on human and animal research to exchange updated information. This Special Issue will consider reviews and research manuscripts ranging from laboratory to animal and human studies. 

Dr. Ravichandra Vemuri
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • probiotics
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • metabolic diseases
  • peptides
  • gut microbiome

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3110 KiB  
Article
Oral Immunization with Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induces Mucosal and Systemic Antibody Responses in Mice
by Giovanni Sarnelli, Alessandro Del Re, Marcella Pesce, Jie Lu, Giovanni Esposito, Walter Sanseverino, Chiara Corpetti, Silvia Basili Franzin, Luisa Seguella, Irene Palenca, Sara Rurgo, Fatima Domenica Elisa De Palma, Aurora Zilli and Giuseppe Esposito
Biomolecules 2023, 13(3), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13030569 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2495
Abstract
As of October 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a major public health conundrum, with increased rates of symptomatic infections in vaccinated individuals. An ideal vaccine candidate for the prevention of outbreaks should be rapidly scalable, easy to administer, and able to [...] Read more.
As of October 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a major public health conundrum, with increased rates of symptomatic infections in vaccinated individuals. An ideal vaccine candidate for the prevention of outbreaks should be rapidly scalable, easy to administer, and able to elicit a potent mucosal immunity. Towards this aim, we proposed an engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli) Nissle 1917 (EcN) strain with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SP)-coding plasmid, which was able to expose SP on its cellular surface by a hybridization with the adhesin involved in diffuse adherence 1 (AIDA1). In this study, we presented the effectiveness of a 16-week intragastrically administered, engineered EcN in producing specific systemic and mucosal immunoglobulins against SARS-CoV-2 SP in mice. We observed a time-dependent increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2 SP IgG antibodies in the sera at week 4, with a titre that more than doubled by week 12 and a stable circulating titre by week 16 (+309% and +325% vs. control; both p < 0.001). A parallel rise in mucosal IgA antibody titre in stools, measured via intestinal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of the treated mice, reached a plateau by week 12 and until the end of the immunization protocol (+300, +47, and +150%, at week 16; all p < 0.001 vs. controls). If confirmed in animal models of infection, our data indicated that the engineered EcN may be a potential candidate as an oral vaccine against COVID-19. It is safe, inexpensive, and, most importantly, able to stimulate the production of both systemic and mucosal anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein antibodies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetically Modified Probiotics for Cardio-Metabolic and Gut Microbiome Health)
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12 pages, 850 KiB  
Perspective
Encouraging Tactics with Genetically Modified Probiotics to Improve Immunity for the Prevention of Immune-Related Diseases including Cardio-Metabolic Disorders
by Tomoko Asai, Sayuri Yoshikawa, Yuka Ikeda, Kurumi Taniguchi, Haruka Sawamura, Ai Tsuji and Satoru Matsuda
Biomolecules 2023, 13(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13010010 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2072
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes mellitus, as well as metabolic syndromes, which could also be risk factors for cardio-metabolic disorders. Consistently, it has been shown that beneficial effects may be convoyed by the [...] Read more.
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes mellitus, as well as metabolic syndromes, which could also be risk factors for cardio-metabolic disorders. Consistently, it has been shown that beneficial effects may be convoyed by the modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway against the development of these diseases. Importantly, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway can be modulated by probiotics. Probiotics have a variety of beneficial properties, with the potential of treating specific diseases such as immune-related diseases, which are valuable to human health. In addition, an increasing body of work in the literature emphasized the contribution of genetically modified probiotics. There now seems to be a turning point in the research of probiotics. A better understanding of the interactions between microbiota, lifestyle, and host factors such as genetics and/or epigenetics might lead to a novel therapeutic approach with probiotics for these diseases. This study might provide a theoretical reference for the development of genetically modified probiotics in health products and/or in functional foods for the treatment of cardio-metabolic disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetically Modified Probiotics for Cardio-Metabolic and Gut Microbiome Health)
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