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Topical Collection "Feature Papers in Cell Biology and Pathology"

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A topical collection in Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This collection belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

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Prof. Dr. Paul Rösch

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Forschungszentrum für Bio-Makromoleküle (FZ BIOmac), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
Interests: NMR-spectroscopy; protein structures; viral proteins; bacterial proteins; transcription; translation; allergens; nuclear magnetic resonance; crystallography; electron microscopy; fluorescence spectroscopy
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Dear Colleagues,

The special edition “Feature Papers in Cell Biology and Pathology” will comprise important contributions by scholars in the field of cell biology and the Editorial Board members of the section Cell Biology and Pathology in Biomedicines. Their broad expertise will result in a comprehensive array of the latest findings in this field, and thus we encourage submissions of high-quality research papers or review articles.

Contributions that explore the origin of diseases at the molecular level, such as structural, biochemical, and genetic studies of receptors, oncogenes, tumor suppressor and regulatory proteins, signal pathways, and RNA/DNA, as well as articles that propose new routes for curing and preventing diseases, are of particular interest. Cutting-edge diagnostic tools ranging from PCR to magnetic resonance as applied to the detection of cellular or organismic pathological dysfunctions on all levels are also appropriate topics for this special edition. We look forward to your submissions on the above-listed research areas of cell biology and pathology.

Prof. Dr. Paul Rösch
Collection Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the collection website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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2023

Jump to: 2022

Open AccessSystematic Review

Prospect of Mesenchymal Stem-Cell-Conditioned Medium in the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review

Ke Pang

Fanyi Kong

and

Dong Wu

Biomedicines 2023, 11(9), 2343; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11092343 - 23 Aug 2023

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated potential in both clinical and pre-clinical research for mitigating tissue damage and inflammation associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) via paracrine mechanisms. Hence, there has been a recent surge of interest among researchers in utilizing MSC cultured medium (CM) and its components for the treatment of AP, which is recognized as the primary cause of hospitalization for gastrointestinal disorders globally. A systematic review was conducted by searching the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Studies that involve the administration of MSC-CM, extracellular vesicles/microvesicles (EVs/MVs), or exosomes to AP animal models are included. A total of six research studies, including eight experiments, were identified as relevant. The findings of this study provide evidence in favor of a beneficial impact of MSC-CM on both clinical and immunological outcomes. Nevertheless, prior to clinical trials, large animal models should be used and prolonged observation periods conducted in pre-clinical research. Challenges arise due to the lack of standardization and consensus on isolation processes, quantifications, and purity testing, making it difficult to compare reports and conduct meta-analyses in MSC-CM-based therapies. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Naturally Occurring N-Terminal Fragments of Bovine Milk Osteopontin Are Transported across Models of the Intestinal Barrier

and

Biomedicines 2023, 11(3), 893; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030893 - 14 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1087

Abstract

Osteopontin (OPN) is a bioactive integrin-binding protein found in high concentrations in milk, where it is present both as a full-length protein and as several N-terminally derived fragments. OPN resists gastric digestion, and via interaction with receptors in the gut or by crossing the intestinal barrier into circulation, ingested milk OPN may influence physiological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate OPN interaction with intestinal cells and its transport across models of the intestinal barrier. Immunodetection of OPN incubated with Caco-2 cells at 4 °C and 37 °C showed that OPN binds to the intestinal cells, but it is not internalised. Transepithelial transport was studied using mono- and co-cultures of Caco-2 cells and mucus-producing HT29-MTX cells in transwell membranes. OPN was shown to cross the barrier models in a time-, temperature-, and energy-dependent process inhibited by wortmannin, indicating that the transport takes place via the transcytosis pathway. Analyses of the naturally occurring milk mixture of full-length and N-terminal fragments showed that the N-terminal fragments of OPN bound intestinal cells most effectively and that the fragments were transported across the intestinal membrane models. This suggests that proteolytic processing of OPN increases its biological activity after ingestion. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Smooth Muscle Cells of Dystrophic (mdx) Mice Are More Susceptible to Hypoxia; The Protective Effect of Reducing Ca²⁺ Influx

and

Biomedicines 2023, 11(2), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020623 - 19 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 861

Abstract

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an inherited muscular disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. DMD patients have hypoxemic events due to sleep-disordered breathing. We reported an anomalous regulation of resting intracellular Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_i) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a mouse (mdx) model of DMD. We investigated the effect of hypoxia on [Ca²⁺]_i in isolated and quiescent VSMCs from C57BL/10SnJ (WT) and C57BL/10ScSn-Dmd (mdx) male mice. [Ca²⁺]_i was measured using Ca²⁺-selective microelectrodes under normoxic conditions (95% air, 5% CO₂) and after hypoxia (glucose-free solution aerated with 95% N2-5% CO₂ for 30 min). [Ca²⁺]_i in mdx VSMCs was significantly elevated compared to WT under normoxia. Hypoxia-induced [Ca²⁺]_i overload, which was significantly greater in mdx than in WT VSMCs. A low Ca²⁺ solution caused a reduction in [Ca²⁺]_i and prevented [Ca²⁺]_i overload secondary to hypoxia. Nifedipine (10 µM), a Ca²⁺ channel blocker, did not modify resting [Ca²⁺]_i in VSMCs but partially prevented the hypoxia-induced elevation of [Ca²⁺]_i in both genotypes. SAR7334 (1 µM), an antagonist of TRPC3 and TRPC6, reduced the basal and [Ca²⁺]_i overload caused by hypoxia. Cell viability, assessed by tetrazolium salt (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, was significantly reduced in mdx compared to WT VSMCs. Pretreatment with SAR7341 increases cell viability in normoxic mdx (p < 0.001) and during hypoxia in WT and mdx VSMCs. These results provide evidence that the lack of dystrophin makes VSMCs more susceptible to hypoxia-induced [Ca²⁺]_i overload, which appears to be mediated by increased Ca²⁺ entry through L-type Ca²⁺ and TRPC channels. Full article

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2022

Jump to: 2023

Open AccessReview

The Role of Hsp27 in Chemotherapy Resistance

and

Biomedicines 2022, 10(4), 897; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10040897 - 14 Apr 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2299

Abstract

Heat shock protein (Hsp)-27 is a small-sized, ATP-independent, chaperone molecule that is overexpressed under conditions of cellular stress such as oxidative stress and heat shock, and protects proteins from unfolding, thus facilitating proteostasis and cellular survival. Despite its protective role in normal cell physiology, Hsp27 overexpression in various cancer cell lines is implicated in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis through various mechanisms, including modulation of the SWH pathway, inhibition of apoptosis, promotion of EMT, adaptation of CSCs in the tumor microenvironment and induction of angiogenesis. Investigation of the role of Hsp27 in the resistance of various cancer cell types against doxorubicin, herceptin/trastuzumab, gemcitabine, 5-FU, temozolomide, and paclitaxel suggested that Hsp27 overexpression promotes cancer cell survival against the above-mentioned chemotherapeutic agents. Conversely, Hsp27 inhibition increased the efficacy of those chemotherapy drugs, both in vitro and in vivo. Although numerous signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms were implicated in that chemotherapy resistance, Hsp27 most commonly contributed to the upregulation of Akt/mTOR signaling cascade and inactivation of p53, thus inhibiting the chemotherapy-mediated induction of apoptosis. Blockage of Hsp27 could enhance the cytotoxic effect of well-established chemotherapeutic drugs, especially in difficult-to-treat cancer types, ultimately improving patients’ outcomes. Full article

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Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Ion Channels and Transporters as Therapeutic Agents: From Biomolecules to Supramolecular Medicinal Chemistry

Giacomo Picci

Silvia Marchesan

and

Claudia Caltagirone

Biomedicines 2022, 10(4), 885; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10040885 - 12 Apr 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4122

Abstract

Ion channels and transporters typically consist of biomolecules that play key roles in a large variety of physiological and pathological processes. Traditional therapies include many ion-channel blockers, and some activators, although the exact biochemical pathways and mechanisms that regulate ion homeostasis are yet to be fully elucidated. An emerging area of research with great innovative potential in biomedicine pertains the design and development of synthetic ion channels and transporters, which may provide unexplored therapeutic opportunities. However, most studies in this challenging and multidisciplinary area are still at a fundamental level. In this review, we discuss the progress that has been made over the last five years on ion channels and transporters, touching upon biomolecules and synthetic supramolecules that are relevant to biological use. We conclude with the identification of therapeutic opportunities for future exploration. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Checkpoint Inhibitors and Induction of Celiac Disease-like Condition

Aaron Lerner

and

Carina Benzvi

Biomedicines 2022, 10(3), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030609 - 04 Mar 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2194

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors herald a new era in oncological therapy-resistant cancer, thus bringing hope for better outcomes and quality of life for patients. However, as with other medications, they are not without serious side effects over time. Despite this, their advantages outweigh their disadvantages. Understanding the adverse effects will help therapists locate, apprehend, treat, and perhaps diminish them. The major ones are termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs), representing their auto-immunogenic capacity. This narrative review concentrates on the immune checkpoint inhibitors induced celiac disease (CD), highlighting the importance of the costimulatory inhibitors in CD evolvement and suggesting several mechanisms for CD induction. Unraveling those cross-talks and pathways might reveal some new therapeutic strategies. Full article

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Topical Collection "Feature Papers in Cell Biology and Pathology"

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Published Papers (6 papers)

2023

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2022

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