Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Gastrointestinal Tumor Microenvironment: From Molecular to Clinical Aspects

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 2554

Special Issue Editor

Department of Health Science, Digestive Surgery Unit, Medical School, University “Magna Graecia”, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: surgical oncology; angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in gastrointestinal tumor; molecular aspects; traslational reserch in surgery
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer development is a multistep process characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations during tumor initiation and progression. The stromal microenvironment is important in maintaining normal tissue homeostasis or promoting tumor development. A plethora of immune cells (i.e., lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells are components of cancer microenvironment. In the organs and tissues in contact with the external environment as skin and gastrointestinal system, the role of immune stromal cells is to defend the organism from pathogenic insults including cancers cells. Immune stromal cells density is increased in cancer and there is a correlation with angiogenesis, the number of metastatic lymph nodes and the survival of these patients. These cells exert a pro-tumorigenic role in cancer through the release of classical and non classical angiogenic (VEGF-A, CXCL-8, MMP-9, Tryptase, Chymase) and lymphangiogenic factors (VEGF-C, VEGF-F and PDPN). These cells express also the programmed death ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) which are relevant as immune checkpoints in cancer. Several clinical undergoing trials targeting immune checkpoints could be an innovative therapeutic strategy in cancer. Elucidation of the role of subsets of cells in different human cancers will demand studies of increasing complexity beyond those assessing merely cell density and micro-localization. The aim of this special issue is to evaluate from molecular biology to immunohistochemical analysis, specific immune stromal cells in tumor microenvironment, correlating these cells and their release factors with neo-angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, and investigating their role as possible novel biomarkers and new therapeutic strategies.

Dr. Michele Ammendola
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • tumor microenvironment
  • angiogenesis
  • lymphangiogenesis
  • molecular aspects
  • surgical oncology
  • gastrointestinal tumor

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

10 pages, 255 KiB  
Review
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Modulate Angiogenesis in Gastric Cancer
by Fawzy Akad, Veronica Mocanu, Sorin Nicolae Peiu, Viorel Scripcariu, Bogdan Filip, Daniel Timofte, Florin Zugun-Eloae, Magdalena Cuciureanu, Monica Hancianu, Teodor Oboroceanu, Laura Condur and Radu Florin Popa
Biomedicines 2023, 11(4), 1031; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041031 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2041
Abstract
Individualized gastric cancer (GC) treatment aims at providing targeted therapies that translate the latest research into improved management strategies. Extracellular vesicle microRNAs have been proposed as biomarkers for GC prognosis. Helicobacter pylori infection influences the therapeutic response to and the drivers of malignant [...] Read more.
Individualized gastric cancer (GC) treatment aims at providing targeted therapies that translate the latest research into improved management strategies. Extracellular vesicle microRNAs have been proposed as biomarkers for GC prognosis. Helicobacter pylori infection influences the therapeutic response to and the drivers of malignant changes in chronic gastritis. The successful use of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for gastric ulcer healing has raised interest in studying their effects on tumor neovascularization and in potential antiangiogenic therapies that could use mesenchymal stem cell secretion into extracellular vesicles—such as exosomes—in GC cells. The use of MSCs isolated from bone marrow in order to achieve angiogenic modulation in the tumor microenvironment could exploit the inherent migration of MSCs into GC tissues. Bone marrow-derived MSCs naturally present in the stomach have been reported to carry a malignancy risk, but their effect in GC is still being researched. The pro- and antiangiogenic effects of MSCs derived from various sources complement their role in immune regulation and tissue regeneration and provide further understanding into the heterogeneous biology of GC, the aberrant morphology of tumor vasculature and the mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic drugs. Full article
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