Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics in Medical Research

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 7102

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Zentrum für Medizinische Grundlagenforschung, Core Facility—Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Proteinzentrum Charles Tanford, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
Interests: developing novel sample preparation strategies; bioinformatics; phosphoproteomics; acylation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This special issue is to highlight high quality medical or pharmaceutical research that has primarily used mass spectrometry-based proteomics as its principle research technique. This may range from large scale quantitative proteomics using label or label-free techniques through to the use/development/synthesis of peptides or other substrates to elucidate protein gain/loss of function, help to reveal pathophysiology or molecular mechanisms of disease. The main focus of this issue is to demonstrate the fundamental place of mass spectrometry within modern medical study of human health and disease. A special emphasis will be placed on research which has utilized novel new developments or discoveries within mass spectrometry methodology such as advances in sample preparation techniques, or separation chemistries, PTM discovery and analysis or data analytical processes. Mass spectrometry can be part of a suite of techniques used in the research, but the focus must be that mass spectrometry is the critical factor.

Dr. Matt Fuszard
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • quantitative proteomics
  • LC-MS
  • sample Preparation
  • affinity purification
  • cross linking
  • label-free
  • peptide separation
  • clinical Proteomics
  • post translational modifications
  • targeted proteomics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2362 KiB  
Article
Study on Tissue Homogenization Buffer Composition for Brain Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics
by Adam Aleksander Karpiński, Julio Cesar Torres Elguera, Anne Sanner, Witold Konopka, Leszek Kaczmarek, Dominic Winter, Anna Konopka and Ewa Bulska
Biomedicines 2022, 10(10), 2466; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102466 - 02 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2928
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics aims to study the proteome both qualitatively and quantitatively. A key step in proteomic analysis is sample preparation, which is crucial for reliable results. We investigated the effect of the composition of the homogenization buffer used to extract proteins from [...] Read more.
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics aims to study the proteome both qualitatively and quantitatively. A key step in proteomic analysis is sample preparation, which is crucial for reliable results. We investigated the effect of the composition of the homogenization buffer used to extract proteins from brain tissue on the yield of protein extraction and the number and type of extracted proteins. Three different types of buffers were compared—detergent-based buffer (DB), chaotropic agent-based buffer (CAB) and buffer without detergent and chaotropic agent (DFB). Based on label-free quantitative protein analysis, detergent buffer was identified as the most suitable for global proteomic profiling of brain tissue. It allows the most efficient extraction of membrane proteins, synaptic and synaptic membrane proteins along with ribosomal, mitochondrial and myelin sheath proteins, which are of particular interest in the field of neurodegenerative disorders research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics in Medical Research)
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11 pages, 1043 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Human and Microbial Salivary Proteomes in Children Offers Insights on the Molecular Pathogenesis of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization
by Eftychia Pappa, Heleni Vastardis, Manousos Makridakis, Jerome Zoidakis, Konstantinos Vougas, George Stamatakis, Martina Samiotaki and Christos Rahiotis
Biomedicines 2022, 10(9), 2061; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10092061 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1627
Abstract
Molar incisor hypomineralization is a complex developmental enamel defect that affects the permanent dentition of children with significant functional and aesthetic implications. Saliva is an ideal diagnostic tool and ensures patients’ compliance by diminishing the discomfort especially in pediatric population. Lately, salivary proteome [...] Read more.
Molar incisor hypomineralization is a complex developmental enamel defect that affects the permanent dentition of children with significant functional and aesthetic implications. Saliva is an ideal diagnostic tool and ensures patients’ compliance by diminishing the discomfort especially in pediatric population. Lately, salivary proteome analysis has progressively evolved in various biomedical disciplines. As changes in saliva composition are associated with oral diseases, it is reasonable to assume that the saliva proteome of MIH-affected children might be altered compared to healthy children. This study analyzed the human and microbial salivary proteome in children with MIH in order to identify salivary markers indicative of the pathology. The conducted proteomic analysis generated a comprehensive dataset comprising a total of 1515 high confidence identifications and revealed a clear discrimination between the two groups. Statistical comparison identified 142 differentially expressed proteins, while the pathway analysis indicated deregulation of inflammation, immune response mechanisms, and defense response to bacteria in MIH patients. Bacterial proteome analysis showed a lower diversity for the microbial species, which highlights the dysbiotic environment established in the MIH pathology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics in Medical Research)
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Review

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21 pages, 1468 KiB  
Review
Applications of Mass Spectrometry in Dentistry
by Meletia Kallianta, Eftychia Pappa, Heleni Vastardis and Christos Rahiotis
Biomedicines 2023, 11(2), 286; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020286 - 19 Jan 2023
Viewed by 2095
Abstract
Mass Spectrometry (MS) is one of the fastest-developing methods in analytical instrumentation. As a highly sensitive, universal detector, it can identify known and unknown compounds, which can indeed be found in a minimal concentration. This review aims to highlight the significant milestones in [...] Read more.
Mass Spectrometry (MS) is one of the fastest-developing methods in analytical instrumentation. As a highly sensitive, universal detector, it can identify known and unknown compounds, which can indeed be found in a minimal concentration. This review aims to highlight the significant milestones in MS applications in dentistry during recent decades. MS can be applied in three different fields of dentistry: (1) in research of dental materials and chemical agents, (2) in laboratory analysis of biospecimens, and (3) as a real-time diagnostic tool in service of oral surgery and pathology. MS applications on materials and agents may focus on numerous aspects, such as their clinical behavior, possible toxicity, or antimicrobial properties. MS is also a valuable, non-invasive tool for biomarkers’ detection in saliva and has found great application in -omics technologies as it achieves efficient structure-finding in metabolites. As metabolites are located beyond the central dogma, this technique can provide a complete understanding of cellular functions. Thus, it is possible to determine the biological profile in normal and pathological conditions, detect various oral or systematic diseases and conditions, and predict their course. Lastly, some promising advances concerning the surgical approach to potentially oral malignant or malignant disorders exist. This breakthrough method provides a comprehensive approach to dental materials research and biomarker discovery in dental and craniofacial tissues. The current availability of various ‘OMIC’ approaches paves the way for individualized dentistry and provides suggestions for clinical applications in the point-of-care hubs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics in Medical Research)
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