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Biomedicines
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Birds as Model in Biomedical Research
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Birds as Model in Biomedical Research

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 11905

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fernando Capela e Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
2. Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
Interests: biology of oral tissues; eating behavior and its effects on the health of people and populations; food, health and society and the “One Health” approach
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Elsa Leclerc Duarte

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Technology and MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
Interests: medical microbiology; infectious diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chikens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and their eggs have been extensively used as research models in biology, medicine, pharmaceutical industry and bioengineering. They have enabled the study of human and animal physiology, as well as several pathological conditions such as cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis and skeletal disorders. The innate anti-aging mechanisms and the increased longevity of birds compared to rodents have made them more suitable models to assess age-related disorders or infertility. Decoding disease pathways using birds as models has enabled the discovery of novel and targeted therapeutics. This Special Issue aims to bring together high quality research, highlighting the importance of the use of birds or eggs, as models in biomedical research. The submission of new and comparative methodologies and new analysis methods is welcomed. Review articles are also welcomed. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Chicken embryos/chorioallantoic membrane as a research model
  • Chicken embryos as an expanding experimental model for cancer research
  • Chicken embryos as an expanding experimental model for cardiovascular research
  • Birds as models in skeletal disorders
  • Birds as a research model in infectious diseases
  • Birds as a research model in other diseases
  • Applications of the chicken genome project
  • Bird species as models for aging research
  • Bird models in experimental studies on endocrine disrupting chemicals

Prof. Dr. Fernando Capela e Silva
Prof. Elsa Leclerc Duarte
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • avian
  • birds
  • poultry
  • chicken
  • animal models
  • biomedical research

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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49 pages, 10208 KiB  
Article
Chick Embryo Experimental Platform for Micrometastases Research in a 3D Tissue Engineering Model: Cancer Biology, Drug Development, and Nanotechnology Applications
by Anna Guller, Inga Kuschnerus, Vlada Rozova, Annemarie Nadort, Yin Yao, Zahra Khabir, Alfonso Garcia-Bennett, Liuen (Olivia) Liang, Aleksandra Polikarpova, Yi Qian, Ewa M. Goldys and Andrei V. Zvyagin
Biomedicines 2021, 9(11), 1578; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9111578 - 29 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3190
Abstract
Colonization of distant organs by tumor cells is a critical step of cancer progression. The initial avascular stage of this process (micrometastasis) remains almost inaccessible to study due to the lack of relevant experimental approaches. Herein, we introduce an in vitro/in vivo model [...] Read more.
Colonization of distant organs by tumor cells is a critical step of cancer progression. The initial avascular stage of this process (micrometastasis) remains almost inaccessible to study due to the lack of relevant experimental approaches. Herein, we introduce an in vitro/in vivo model of organ-specific micrometastases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) that is fully implemented in a cost-efficient chick embryo (CE) experimental platform. The model was built as three-dimensional (3D) tissue engineering constructs (TECs) combining human MDA-MB-231 cells and decellularized CE organ-specific scaffolds. TNBC cells colonized CE organ-specific scaffolds in 2–3 weeks, forming tissue-like structures. The feasibility of this methodology for basic cancer research, drug development, and nanomedicine was demonstrated on a model of hepatic micrometastasis of TNBC. We revealed that MDA-MB-231 differentially colonize parenchymal and stromal compartments of the liver-specific extracellular matrix (LS-ECM) and become more resistant to the treatment with molecular doxorubicin (Dox) and Dox-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles than in monolayer cultures. When grafted on CE chorioallantoic membrane, LS-ECM-based TECs induced angiogenic switch. These findings may have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC. The methodology established here is scalable and adaptable for pharmacological testing and cancer biology research of various metastatic and primary tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Birds as Model in Biomedical Research)
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14 pages, 1922 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Matriptase Inhibition on the Inflammatory and Redox Homeostasis of Chicken Hepatic Cell Culture Models
by Réka Fanni Barna, Máté Mackei, Erzsébet Pászti-Gere, Zsuzsanna Neogrády, Ákos Jerzsele and Gábor Mátis
Biomedicines 2021, 9(5), 450; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9050450 - 21 Apr 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1705
Abstract
The function of the transmembrane serine protease matriptase is well described in mammals, but it has not been elucidated in avian species yet. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of the 3-amidinophenylalanine (3-AphA)-type matriptase inhibitors MI432 and [...] Read more.
The function of the transmembrane serine protease matriptase is well described in mammals, but it has not been elucidated in avian species yet. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of the 3-amidinophenylalanine (3-AphA)-type matriptase inhibitors MI432 and MI460 on the inflammatory and oxidative state of chicken primary hepatocyte mono-cultures and hepatocyte–nonparenchymal cell co-cultures, the latter serving as a proper model of hepatic inflammation in birds. Cell cultures were exposed to MI432 and MI460 for 4 and 24 h at 10, 25, and 50 µM concentrations, and thereafter the cellular metabolic activity, extracellular interleukin (IL-)6, IL-8, H2O2 and malondialdehyde concentrations were monitored. Both inhibitors caused a transient moderate reduction in the metabolic activity following 4 h exposure, which was restored after 24 h, reflecting the fast hepatic adaptation potential to matriptase inhibitor administration. Furthermore, MI432 triggered an intense elevation in the cellular proinflammatory IL-6 and IL-8 production after both incubation times in all concentrations, which was not coupled to enhanced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation based on unchanged H2O2 production, malondialdehyde levels and glutathione peroxidase activity. These data suggest that physiological matriptase activities might have a key function in retaining the metabolic and inflammatory homeostasis of the liver in chicken, without being a major modulator of the hepatocellular redox state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Birds as Model in Biomedical Research)
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Review

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20 pages, 400 KiB  
Review
New Perspectives on Avian Models for Studies of Basic Aging Processes
by James M. Harper and Donna J. Holmes
Biomedicines 2021, 9(6), 649; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9060649 - 07 Jun 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3105
Abstract
Avian models have the potential to elucidate basic cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the slow aging rates and exceptional longevity typical of this group of vertebrates. To date, most studies of avian aging have focused on relatively few of the phenomena now thought [...] Read more.
Avian models have the potential to elucidate basic cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the slow aging rates and exceptional longevity typical of this group of vertebrates. To date, most studies of avian aging have focused on relatively few of the phenomena now thought to be intrinsic to the aging process, but primarily on responses to oxidative stress and telomere dynamics. But a variety of whole-animal and cell-based approaches to avian aging and stress resistance have been developed—especially the use of primary cell lines and isolated erythrocytes—which permit other processes to be investigated. In this review, we highlight newer studies using these approaches. We also discuss recent research on age-related changes in neural function in birds in the context of sensory changes relevant to homing and navigation, as well as the maintenance of song. More recently, with the advent of “-omic” methodologies, including whole-genome studies, new approaches have gained momentum for investigating the mechanistic basis of aging in birds. Overall, current research suggests that birds exhibit an enhanced resistance to the detrimental effects of oxidative damage and maintain higher than expected levels of cellular function as they age. There is also evidence that genetic signatures associated with cellular defenses, as well as metabolic and immune function, are enhanced in birds but data are still lacking relative to that available from more conventional model organisms. We are optimistic that continued development of avian models in geroscience, especially under controlled laboratory conditions, will provide novel insights into the exceptional longevity of this animal taxon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Birds as Model in Biomedical Research)

Other

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13 pages, 686 KiB  
Perspective
Perspective: Chicken Models for Studying the Ontogenetic Origin of Neuropsychiatric Disorders
by Xiaohong Huang and Heng-wei Cheng
Biomedicines 2022, 10(5), 1155; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051155 - 17 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2045
Abstract
Nutrients and xenobiotics cross the blood–placenta barrier, potentially depositing in the fetal brain. The prenatal exposure affects the neuroendocrine and microbial development. The mechanism underlying maternal risk factors reprograming the microbiota–gut–brain axis with long-term effects on psychosocial behaviors in offspring is not clear. [...] Read more.
Nutrients and xenobiotics cross the blood–placenta barrier, potentially depositing in the fetal brain. The prenatal exposure affects the neuroendocrine and microbial development. The mechanism underlying maternal risk factors reprograming the microbiota–gut–brain axis with long-term effects on psychosocial behaviors in offspring is not clear. In humans, it is not possible to assess the nutrient or xenobiotic deposition in the fetal brain and gastrointestinal system for ethical reasons. Moreover, the maternal–fetal microbe transfer during gestation, natural labor, and breast-feeding constitutes the initial gut microbiome in the progeny, which is inevitable in the most widely utilized rodent models. The social predisposition in precocial birds, including chickens, provides the possibility to test behavioral responses shortly after being hatched. Hence, chickens are advantageous in investigating the ontogenetic origin of behaviors. Chicken embryos are suitable for deposition assessment and mechanistic study due to the accessibility, self-contained development, uniform genetic background, robust microbiota, and easy in vivo experimental manipulation compared to humans and rodents. Therefore, chicken embryos can be used as an alternative to the rodent models in assessing the fetal exposure effect on neurogenesis and investigating the mechanism underlying the ontogenetic origin of neuropsychiatric disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Birds as Model in Biomedical Research)
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