microRNAs as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases 2.0

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 2454

Special Issue Editor

Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: clinical cardiology; myocardial infarction; cardiovascular genetics; clinical electrophysiology; molecular cardiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

microRNAs (miRs) are biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases (CDVs), which have been evaluated for diagnostic approaches and monitoring the responsiveness to medical, interventional, and surgical treatments of patients with CVDs. This has led to the initiation of many clinical trials and to the development of antago-miRs and/or mimic-miRs therapies to block and/or to promote the expression of specific miRs. This Special Issue on miRs and CVDs is therefore a particularly topical addition to the field, providing up-to-date insight into delivery of antago/mimic-miRs, safety-related issues, proof-of-principle in preclinical disease models, clinical trials in CVD patients, and approval of miR therapy-based drugs.

Dr. Celestino Sardu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cardiovascular diseases
  • microRNAs
  • antago-microRNAs
  • mimic-microRNAs
  • diagnosis
  • therapy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2794 KiB  
Article
Diagnostic Performance of Serum MicroRNAs for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the Emergency Department
by Brianda Amezcua-Guerra, Luis M. Amezcua-Castillo, Jazmín A. Guerra-López, Kietseé A. Díaz-Domínguez, José L. Sánchez-Gloria, Andrés Cruz-Melendez, Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder, Yaneli Juárez-Vicuña, Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz, Fengyang Huang, Claudia Tavera-Alonso, Malinalli Brianza-Padilla, Elvira Varela-López, Daniel Sierra-Lara, Alexandra Arias-Mendoza, Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo, Ricardo Márquez-Velasco, Héctor González-Pacheco, Rashidi Springall and Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
Biomedicines 2023, 11(9), 2422; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11092422 - 30 Aug 2023
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Abstract
Prompt diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is essential for initiating timely treatment. MicroRNAs have recently emerged as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory capacity of serum microRNAs in identifying an ischemic origin in patients presenting with [...] Read more.
Prompt diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is essential for initiating timely treatment. MicroRNAs have recently emerged as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory capacity of serum microRNAs in identifying an ischemic origin in patients presenting with chest discomfort to the Emergency Department. The study included 98 participants (78 with STEMI and 20 with nonischemic chest discomfort). Significant differences in the expression levels of miR-133b, miR-126, and miR-155 (but not miR-1, miR-208, and miR-208b) were observed between groups. miR-133b and miR-155 exhibited 97% and 93% sensitivity in identifying STEMI patients, respectively. miR-126 demonstrated a specificity of 90% in identifying STEMI patients. No significant associations were found between microRNAs and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). However, patients with MACE had higher levels of interleukin (IL)-15, IL-21, IFN-γ-induced protein-10, and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide compared to non-MACE patients. Overall, there were significant associations among the expression levels of microRNAs. However, microRNAs did not demonstrate associations with either inflammatory markers or cardiovascular risk scores. This study highlights the potential of microRNAs, particularly miR-133b and miR-126, as diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing patients with STEMI from those presenting with nonischemic chest discomfort to the Emergency Department. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue microRNAs as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases 2.0)
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14 pages, 1690 KiB  
Article
Impact of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Circulating microRNA in Patients with Heart Failure
by Maura Brioschi, Yuri D’Alessandra, Massimo Mapelli, Irene Mattavelli, Elisabetta Salvioni, Sonia Eligini, Alice Mallia, Veronica Ricci, Erica Gianazza, Stefania Ghilardi, Piergiuseppe Agostoni and Cristina Banfi
Biomedicines 2023, 11(4), 1037; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041037 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1248
Abstract
Sacubitril/Valsartan, used for the treatment of heart failure (HF), is a combination of two drugs, an angiotensin receptor inhibitor, and a neprilysin inhibitor, which activates vasoactive peptides. Even though its beneficial effects on cardiac functions have been demonstrated, the mechanisms underpinning these effects [...] Read more.
Sacubitril/Valsartan, used for the treatment of heart failure (HF), is a combination of two drugs, an angiotensin receptor inhibitor, and a neprilysin inhibitor, which activates vasoactive peptides. Even though its beneficial effects on cardiac functions have been demonstrated, the mechanisms underpinning these effects remain poorly understood. To achieve more mechanistic insights, we analyzed the profiles of circulating miRNAs in plasma from patients with stable HF with reduced ejection function (HFrEF) and treated with Sacubitril/Valsartan for six months. miRNAs are short (22–24 nt) non-coding RNAs, which are not only emerging as sensitive and stable biomarkers for various diseases but also participate in the regulation of several biological processes. We found that in patients with high levels of miRNAs, specifically miR-29b-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-503-5p, Sacubitril/Valsartan significantly reduced their levels at follow-up. We also found a significant negative correlation of miR-29b-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-503-5p with VO2 at peak exercise, whose levels decrease with HF severity. Furthermore, from a functional point of view, miR-29b-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-503-5p all target Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1, which encodes regulatory subunit 1 of phosphoinositide-3-kinase. Our findings support that an additional mechanism through which Sacubitril/Valsartan exerts its functions is the modulation of miRNAs with potentially relevant roles in HFrEF pathophysiology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue microRNAs as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases 2.0)
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