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Biomedicines
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Recent Developments in Coronary Artery Disease
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Recent Developments in Coronary Artery Disease

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Metabolism Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 3436

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Joseph A. Moutiris

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
Interests: coronary artery disease; secondary prevention; inflammation; preconditioning; myocardial injury
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is being recognised as the main cardiovascular disease with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the measures taken addressing the major factors related to the occurrence of the disease.

Atherosclerosis, initiated by the deposition in the arterial intima of oxidised low-density lipoproteins, responds to the development of the plaques which reduce the internal lumen of the arteries progressively over time. Local inflammation and subsequent injury of the plaques lead to acute coronary events such as acute myocardial infarction.

Although newer medicine offers good cardiovascular protection, preventing to an extent the progression of the atherosclerotic plagues, and in the case of acute obstruction of the coronary artery, newer revascularisation techniques such as primary percutaneous coronary intervention are related to better preservation of the heart function and to reduction in mortality rates, CAD remains a challenging clinical condition with much potential for further management improvement.

I would like to cordially invite authors and investigators having special interest in the management of CAD to submit their research work or review articles to this Special Issue, contributing thus to a better understanding of the pathophysiology and hence to the improved management of the disease.

Dr. Joseph A. Moutiris
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coronary artery disease
  • secondary prevention
  • myocardial infarction
  • inflammation
  • oxidised LDL
  • atherosclerosis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 384 KiB  
Article
Optimal Timing of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Haemodynamically Stable Patients after Myocardial Infarction
by Chloé Bernard, Marie Catherine Morgant, Aline Jazayeri, Thomas Perrin, Ghislain Malapert, Saed Jazayeri, Alain Bernard and Olivier Bouchot
Biomedicines 2023, 11(3), 979; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030979 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1678
Abstract
During the acute phase of myocardial infarction, the culprit artery must be revascularized quickly with angioplasty. Surgery then completes the procedure in a second stage. If emergency surgery is performed, the resulting death rate is high; 15–20% of patients are operated on within [...] Read more.
During the acute phase of myocardial infarction, the culprit artery must be revascularized quickly with angioplasty. Surgery then completes the procedure in a second stage. If emergency surgery is performed, the resulting death rate is high; 15–20% of patients are operated on within the first 48 h after the myocardial infarction. The timing of surgical revascularization and the patient’s preoperative state influence the mortality rate. We aimed to evaluate the impact of surgery delay on morbimortality. Between 2007 and 2017, a retrospective monocentric study was conducted including 477 haemodynamically stable patients after myocardial infarction who underwent an urgent coronary bypass. Three groups were described, depending on the timing of the surgery: during the first 4 days (Group 1, n = 111, 23%), 5 to 10 days (Group 2, n = 242, 51%) and after 11 days (Group 3, n = 124, 26%). The overall thirty-day mortality was 7.1% (n = 34). The death rate was significantly higher in Group 1 (n = 16; 14% vs. n = 10; 4.0% vs. n = 8; 6%, p < 0.01). The mortality risk factors identified were age (OR: 1.08; CI 95%: 1.04–1.12; p < 0.001), peripheral arteriopathy (OR: 3.31; CI 95%: 1.16–9.43; p = 0.024), preoperative renal failure (OR: 6.39; CI 95%: 2.49–15.6; p < 0.001) and preoperative ischemic recurrence (OR: 3.47; CI 95%: 1.59–7.48; p < 0.01). Ninety-two patients presented with preoperative ischemic recurrence (19%), with no difference between the groups. The optimal timing for the surgical revascularization of MI seems to be after Day 4 in stable patients. However, timing is not the only factor influencing the death rate: the patient’s health condition and disease severity must be considered in the individual management strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Coronary Artery Disease)
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16 pages, 1927 KiB  
Article
Association of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Adipocytes Hypertrophy with Biomarkers of Low-Grade Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
by Irina V. Kologrivova, Natalia V. Naryzhnaya, Olga A. Koshelskaya, Tatiana E. Suslova, Elena S. Kravchenko, Olga A. Kharitonova, Vladimir V. Evtushenko and Alla A. Boshchenko
Biomedicines 2023, 11(2), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020241 - 17 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1461
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the morphological features of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) adipocyte with the circulating inflammatory biomarkers and parameters of extracellular matrix remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We recruited 42 patients with CAD (m/f 28/14) [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to compare the morphological features of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) adipocyte with the circulating inflammatory biomarkers and parameters of extracellular matrix remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We recruited 42 patients with CAD (m/f 28/14) who were scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). EAT adipocytes were obtained by the enzymatic method from intraoperative adipose tissue samples. Concentrations of secreted and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (sPLA2 and LpPLA2), TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-2, C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) were measured in blood serum. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1—with mean EAT adipocytes’ size ≤ 87.32 μm; group 2—with mean EAT adipocytes’ size > 87.32 μm. Patients of group 2 had higher concentrations of triglycerides, hsCRP, TNF-α, and sPLA2 and a lower concentration of CTX-I. A multiple logistic regression model was created (RN2 = 0.43, p = 0.0013). Concentrations of TNF-α, sPLA2 and CTX-I appeared to be independent determinants of the EAT adipocyte hypertrophy. ROC analysis revealed the 78% accuracy, 71% sensitivity, and 85% specificity of the model, AUC = 0.82. According to our results, chronic low-grade inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling are closely associated with the development of hypertrophy of EAT adipocytes, with serum concentrations of TNF-α, sPLA2 and CTX-I being the key predictors, describing the variability of epicardial adipocytes’ size. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Coronary Artery Disease)
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