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Biomass
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Biorefineries, Circular Cities, and the Bioeconomy
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Biorefineries, Circular Cities, and the Bioeconomy

A special issue of Biomass (ISSN 2673-8783).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2024 | Viewed by 4463

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kaveh Khalilpour

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Information, Systems and Modeling, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
Interests: sustainable energy systems; energy storage; optimisation; systems integration; networks
Dr. Andrew Hoadley

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
Interests: process systems engineering; chemical process design; process integration; sustainability modelling; chemical engineering education
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomass is composed of organic materials originating from plants or animals such as crop waste, forestry residues, agricultural residues, algae, energy crops, and food wastes. The biosphere reaction to anthropogenic disturbances is increasingly shown in natural disasters across the world. With the world population passing eight billion in 2022, there is an increasing rate of global awareness about the journey toward a bioeconomy or net-zero economy. Biomass, the very original source of human energy, plays a key role in the net-zero journey toward circular cities. However, the future utilisation of biomass is more complex than conventional approaches such as biogas.

This Special Issue is dedicated to methodological research works in regard to the role of complex biorefineries in the net-zero economy. The articles can address various aspects including technology, lifecycle, policy, economic, and social aspects.

Dr. Kaveh Khalilpour
Dr. Andrew Hoadley
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomass is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • complex biomass material
  • biomass
  • biorefineries
  • circular cities
  • bioeconomy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2153 KiB  
Article
Production of Solid Recovered Fuel from the Rejected Fraction of Recyclable Materials from Waste Picker Cooperatives: A Case Study in Brazil
by Eduarda Piaia, Matheus Cavali, Willian Cézar Nadaleti, Marcelo Seleme Matias, Mário Augusto Tavares Russo and Armando Borges de Castilhos Junior
Biomass 2023, 3(3), 238-251; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass3030014 - 05 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1151
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of producing solid recovered fuel (SRF) from rejected waste from waste picker cooperatives (WPC). Three scenarios using different SRF and petroleum coke proportions in cement kilns were assessed. The samples of rejected waste from WPC were obtained in [...] Read more.
This study evaluated the feasibility of producing solid recovered fuel (SRF) from rejected waste from waste picker cooperatives (WPC). Three scenarios using different SRF and petroleum coke proportions in cement kilns were assessed. The samples of rejected waste from WPC were obtained in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil, and their physical and chemical characteristics were determined. Furthermore, the avoided atmospheric emissions by replacing conventional cement fuel with SRF and the costs to implement a SRF facility were estimated. According to the results, 60.29% of the waste from WPC could be used for energy recovery. Out of the materials eligible to produce SRF, 75.26% are made up of plastic packaging and paper. Concerning atmospheric emissions, replacing petroleum coke with SRF for direct feeding into the clinker kiln contributed to a reduction of 4.83%, 14.73%, and 13.37% in the atmospheric emissions for Scenario 1, Scenario 2, and Scenario 3, respectively. Furthermore, considering two hypothetical SRF industrial plants with capacities of 522 and 720 t/day, each ton of SRF produced would cost about USD 6.00, representing a decrease of 35 times in the costs when compared to petroleum coke. Therefore, SRF from the rejected fraction of WPC could be an alternative waste-to-energy approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorefineries, Circular Cities, and the Bioeconomy)
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21 pages, 5834 KiB  
Article
Biorefinery Development Based on Brewers’ Spent Grain (BSG) Conversion: A Forecasting Technology Study in the Brazilian Scenario
by Rafael Benjamin Werneburg Evaristo, Andréia Alves Costa, Paulo Gustavo Barboni Dantas Nascimento and Grace Ferreira Ghesti
Biomass 2023, 3(3), 217-237; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass3030013 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2019
Abstract
Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) is an important waste produced by beer companies and has a high potential to be transformed into commercial by-products. The present paper reports a forecasting technology study with the aid of bibliographic review and patent analysis tools aiming to [...] Read more.
Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) is an important waste produced by beer companies and has a high potential to be transformed into commercial by-products. The present paper reports a forecasting technology study with the aid of bibliographic review and patent analysis tools aiming to investigate the maturity of certain technologies, considering the use of BSG on a closed-loop biorefinery and circular bioeconomy concept integrated into a brewery. To evaluate the possibilities of production of high-added-value products in Brazil, we present an overview of BSG’s scientific, technological, and marketing products and applications. The comparison between the numbers of articles versus patents shows that the solutions proposed by research articles are not being transformed into maturated viable technologies. The results suggest that there is a gap between the scientific research in the institutions and their applications in the industry, which lead to the destination of BSG for more economically attractive investments when compared with research in Brazil. Ultimately, from the carried-out analysis, it is possible to propose a brewing process connected to the biorefinery system, showing its possibility in the newly arising brewery industries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorefineries, Circular Cities, and the Bioeconomy)
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26 pages, 3606 KiB  
Perspective
High Added-Value by-Products from Biomass: A Case Study Unveiling Opportunities for Strengthening the Agroindustry Value Chain
by Filipe Kayodè Felisberto Dos Santos, Ian Gardel Carvalho Barcellos-Silva, Odilon Leite-Barbosa, Rayssa Ribeiro, Yasmin Cunha-Silva and Valdir Florencio Veiga-Junior
Biomass 2024, 4(2), 217-242; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass4020011 - 01 Apr 2024
Viewed by 673
Abstract
The current era witnesses a remarkable advancement in biomass utilization, guided by the principles of green chemistry and biorefinery and the comprehensive exploitation of plant-based raw materials. Predominantly, large-scale production methods have been pursued, akin to approaches in the oil industry, enabling the [...] Read more.
The current era witnesses a remarkable advancement in biomass utilization, guided by the principles of green chemistry and biorefinery and the comprehensive exploitation of plant-based raw materials. Predominantly, large-scale production methods have been pursued, akin to approaches in the oil industry, enabling the incorporation of novel products into energy and petrochemical markets. However, the viability of such systems on a small and medium scale is hindered by logistical challenges and the constraints of economies of scale. For small agricultural producers and food processing companies, the complete utilization of biomass transcends environmental responsibility, evolving into a strategy for survival through the diversification of by-products with enhanced value. The state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil presents a range of population dynamics, geographical features, climate conditions, and agricultural production patterns that closely resemble those found in various tropical countries and agricultural regions worldwide. This region, sustaining a green belt supporting 17 million people, provides an apt case study for investigating chemical compounds with potential value among agro-industrial residues, which can motivate the creation of a lucrative biotechnological industry. Examples include naringenin and hesperidin from oranges and lemons, epi-gallo-catechin gallate from bananas, caffeic acids from coffee, and the bromelain enzyme from pineapples. This study addresses the challenges associated with developing biotechnological alternatives within the agroindustry, considering economic, technological, logistical, and market-related aspects. The insights from examining the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro will contribute to the broader discourse on sustainable biomass utilization and the creation of value-added by-products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorefineries, Circular Cities, and the Bioeconomy)
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