Our Fight against Cancer in the 21st Century

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2024) | Viewed by 2675

Special Issue Editor

Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore 138648, Singapore
Interests: T cell immunology; T cell receptors; major histocompatibility complexes; glycoimmunology; synthetic biology; Siglecs

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

More than five decades later, cancer continues to haunt many of us. Despite new advances in immunotherapy, there is still little progress in treating certain types of cancer, e.g., solid tumors. Potential factors that can aggravate cancer progress need to be identified earlier and targetable for intervention. In this issue, an update on recent advances and breakthrough across different approaches such as biochemistry, genetics, immunology, microbiology and epidemiology in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment will be covered. It will describe the current state-of-the-art approaches and emerging trends that can potentially monitor or even halt cancer progression.

Our earliest effort to find the leading causes of cancer can be traced back to President Nixon who signed the National Cancer Act back in the 1970s. More than five decades later,  it is still regarded as a death sentence for many. While disease diagnosis and prognostic models have greatly improved, the solution to certain types of cancer still remains a highly complex process. Today, advances in methods in oncology range from whole exome sequencing, higher-plexed spatial immunoprofiling, stem cell therapy, targeted therapy, nanoparticles, chemodynamic therapy and emerging T cell therapeutics, with a focus on precision, safety and efficacy. This issue will present an update on recent advances and breakthroughs across different approaches in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.

To contribute to the Special Issue “Our Fight against Cancer in the 21st Century”, authors are invited to crosscut different topics not limited to biochemistry, genetics, immunology, microbiology and epidemiology that can greatly enrich our understanding in cancer occurrence, risk factors, progression and treatment options, providing the scientific community with the latest progress in our effort in cracking the cancer code using multidisciplinary approaches. It will describe the current state-of-the-art approaches for identifying factors that are most widely used, as well as selected methods in deciphering processes that can drive life-threatening cancer stages.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: biochemistry, genetics, immunology and microbiology.

Dr. Jackwee Lim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cancer
  • treatment
  • diagnosis
  • prognosis
  • risk factors
  • disease progression
  • tumor survival
  • tumor evasion

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 2051 KiB  
Article
Causal Effects of Modifiable Behaviors on Prostate Cancer in Europeans and East Asians: A Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Study
by Yongle Zhan, Xiaohao Ruan, Pei Wang, Da Huang, Jingyi Huang, Jinlun Huang, Tsun Tsun Stacia Chun, Brian Sze-Ho Ho, Ada Tsui-Lin Ng, James Hok-Leung Tsu and Rong Na
Biology 2023, 12(5), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12050673 - 29 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2269
Abstract
Objective: Early evidence is disputable for the effects of modifiable lifestyle behaviors on prostate cancer (PCa) risk. No research has yet appraised such causality in different ancestries using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods: A two-sample univariable and multivariable MR analysis was performed. [...] Read more.
Objective: Early evidence is disputable for the effects of modifiable lifestyle behaviors on prostate cancer (PCa) risk. No research has yet appraised such causality in different ancestries using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods: A two-sample univariable and multivariable MR analysis was performed. Genetic instruments associated with lifestyle behaviors were selected based on genome-wide association studies. Summary-level data for PCa were obtained from PRACTICAL and GAME-ON/ELLIPSE consortia for Europeans (79,148 PCa cases and 61,106 controls), and ChinaPCa consortium for East Asians (3343 cases and 3315 controls). Replication was performed using FinnGen (6311 cases and 88,902 controls) and BioBank Japan data (5408 cases and 103,939 controls). Results: Tobacco smoking was identified as increasing PCa risks in Europeans (odds ratio [OR]: 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–3.50, p = 0.027 per standard deviation increase in the lifetime smoking index). For East Asians, alcohol drinking (OR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01–1.09, p = 0.011) and delayed sexual initiation (OR: 1.04, 95%CI: 1.00–1.08, p = 0.029) were identified as risk factors, while cooked vegetable consumption (OR: 0.92, 95%CI: 0.88–0.96, p = 0.001) was a protective factor for PCa. Conclusions: Our findings broaden the evidence base for the spectrum of PCa risk factors in different ethnicities, and provide insights into behavioral interventions for prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Our Fight against Cancer in the 21st Century)
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