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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Applications of Bioprinting in Biomedicine
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Applications of Bioprinting in Biomedicine

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Regenerative Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 5599

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chunya Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: 3D bioprinting; micro/nano-manufacturing; smart surfaces with switchable adhesive properties; molecular dynamics simulation of drug delivery
Dr. Lihua Lu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Precision Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: 3D bioprinting and equipment; ultra-precision machining technology; modern design method

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of medicine makes us live longer; however, our organs tend to fail more as we age. Therefore, a major health crisis arises in terms of the shortage of organs. Due to the efficient and rapid construction of complex biological tissues and precise control of the internal structure, biological printing provides an opportunity to envision radical solutions to existing medical and healthcare problems. At present, mighty progress has been made in the conceptual design of printing targets, bioink biomaterials, bioprinters and printing processes, and the culture and analysis of printed constructs. Although the fabrication of functional replacement human organs currently still faces many challenges, the commercialization in certain levels of biological printing, e.g., non-biocompatible models, biocompatible and non-degradable implants, and biocompatible and degradable scaffolds, has already been achieved. In the future, novel breakthroughs such as angiogenesis and in situ bioprinting, which leverage nature-driven mechanisms, are expected to make the eventual clinical translation of bioprinting technology inexorable.

This Special Issue aims to illustrate the recent development and advance in these fields. The topics covered include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Design of bioprinting platforms;
  • Properties of bioprinting materials;
  • Bioprinting processes;
  • Combination between different biological printing levels;
  • Bioprinting with interdisciplinary technologies;
  • Evaluation and analysis of bioprinted constructs;
  • Applications of bioprinting.

We look forward to receiving your contributions for this Special Issue.

Dr. Chunya Wu
Dr. Lihua Lu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioprinting technology
  • bioink
  • bioprinting processes
  • bioprinter

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 3328 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning
by Jiahao Wu, Chunya Wu, Siyang Zou, Xiguang Li, Bo Ho, Ruijiang Sun, Chang Liu and Mingjun Chen
Bioengineering 2023, 10(12), 1358; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10121358 - 26 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1071
Abstract
Extruded bioprinting is widely used for the biomanufacturing of personalized, complex tissue structures, which requires biomaterial inks with a certain viscosity to enable printing. However, there is still a lack of discussion on the controllable preparation and printability of biomaterial inks with different [...] Read more.
Extruded bioprinting is widely used for the biomanufacturing of personalized, complex tissue structures, which requires biomaterial inks with a certain viscosity to enable printing. However, there is still a lack of discussion on the controllable preparation and printability of biomaterial inks with different viscosities. In this paper, biomaterial inks composed of gelatin, sodium alginate, and methylcellulose were utablesed to investigate the feasibility of adjustment of rheological properties, thereby analyzing the effects of different rheological properties on the printing process. Based on the response surface methodology, the relationship between the material components and the rheological properties of biomaterial inks was discussed, followed by the prediction of the rheological properties of biomaterial inks. The prediction accuracies of the power-law index and consistency coefficient could reach 96% and 79%, respectively. The material group can be used to prepare biomaterial inks with different viscosity properties in a wide range. Latin hypercube sampling and computational fluid dynamics were used to analyze the effects of different rheological properties and extrusion pressure on the flow rate at the nozzle. The relationship between the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink and the flow rate was established, and the simulation results showed that the changes in the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink in the high-viscosity region resulted in slight fluctuations in the flow rate, implying that the printing process for high-viscosity biomaterial inks may have better versatility. In addition, based on the characteristics of biomaterial inks, the printing process was optimized from the planning of the print pattern to improve the location accuracy of the starting point, and the length accuracy of filaments can reach 99%. The effect of the overlap between the fill pattern and outer frame on the print quality was investigated to improve the surface quality of complex structures. Furthermore, low- and high-viscosity biomaterial inks were tested, and various printing protocols were discussed for improving printing efficiency or maintaining cell activity. This study provides feasible printing concepts for a wider range of biomaterials to meet the biological requirements of cell culture and tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Bioprinting in Biomedicine)
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14 pages, 3730 KiB  
Article
The Assessability of Approximal Secondary Caries of Non-Invasive 3D-Printed Veneers Depending on the Restoration Thickness—An In Vitro Study
by Elisabeth Prause, Jeremias Hey, Franziska Schmidt, Robert Nicic, Florian Beuer and Alexey Unkovskiy
Bioengineering 2023, 10(9), 992; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10090992 - 22 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 858
Abstract
To date, no scientific data is available regarding the development and radiographic assessment of approximal caries development after the insertion of 3D-printed, non-invasive veneers of different restoration thicknesses. For the present study, non-invasive veneers were fabricated from two different materials for printing and [...] Read more.
To date, no scientific data is available regarding the development and radiographic assessment of approximal caries development after the insertion of 3D-printed, non-invasive veneers of different restoration thicknesses. For the present study, non-invasive veneers were fabricated from two different materials for printing and milling (Vita Enamic and VarseoSmile Crown plus). Three different restoration thicknesses (0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 mm) were selected. After digital design, leaving the approximal space free, and manufacturing of the restorations, adhesive insertion followed. All specimens were placed in a demineralizing solution for 28 days. Subsequently, a radiological and fluorescent examination was performed. The present study showed statistically significant interactions for the day (p < 0.0001) and manufacturing method (p < 0.0001) but not for restoration thickness. Additive manufactured restorations showed less radiological caries progression compared to subtractive manufactured restorations after 21 and 28 days (0.7 and 0.9 mm restoration thickness) (p < 0.0001). DIAGNOdent proved that the restoration thickness affected the caries progression within the subtractive group (p < 0.0001). Radiographic and fluorescence examination showed equivalent results regarding approximal caries assessment. For additive manufacturing, less caries progression was shown without consideration of the restoration thickness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Bioprinting in Biomedicine)
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21 pages, 5119 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility of a Three-Dimensional Printed Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Polylactic Acid Blend for the Development of Tracheal Scaffolds
by Asmak Abdul Samat, Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid, Mariatti Jaafar, Chern Chung Ong and Badrul Hisham Yahaya
Bioengineering 2023, 10(4), 394; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10040394 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1503
Abstract
Tissue-engineered polymeric implants are preferable because they do not cause a significant inflammatory reaction in the surrounding tissue. Three-dimensional (3D) technology can be used to fabricate a customised scaffold, which is critical for implantation. This study aimed to investigate the biocompatibility of a [...] Read more.
Tissue-engineered polymeric implants are preferable because they do not cause a significant inflammatory reaction in the surrounding tissue. Three-dimensional (3D) technology can be used to fabricate a customised scaffold, which is critical for implantation. This study aimed to investigate the biocompatibility of a mixture of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polylactic acid (PLA) and the effects of their extract in cell cultures and in animal models as potential tracheal replacement materials. The morphology of the 3D-printed scaffolds was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the degradability, pH, and effects of the 3D-printed TPU/PLA scaffolds and their extracts were investigated in cell culture studies. In addition, subcutaneous implantation of 3D-printed scaffold was performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of the scaffold in a rat model at different time points. A histopathological examination was performed to investigate the local inflammatory response and angiogenesis. The in vitro results showed that the composite and its extract were not toxic. Similarly, the pH of the extracts did not inhibit cell proliferation and migration. The analysis of biocompatibility of the scaffolds from the in vivo results suggests that porous TPU/PLA scaffolds may facilitate cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation and promote angiogenesis in host cells. The current results suggest that with 3D printing technology, TPU and PLA could be used as materials to construct scaffolds with suitable properties and provide a solution to the challenges of tracheal transplantation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Bioprinting in Biomedicine)
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16 pages, 5149 KiB  
Article
Precise Printing of Microfiber Scaffold with Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA)/Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) Bioink
by Haibing Li, Ruijian Zhou, Qiang Shu, Mingjun Xie and Yong He
Bioengineering 2023, 10(2), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10020130 - 18 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1466
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl scaffolds with microscale fiber structures own great significance because they can effectively mimic the extracellular matrix environment. Compared with extruding bioprinting, electrospinning technology is more suitable for establishing accurate hydrogel microfibers. However, electrospinning accurate gelatin methacryloyl microfiber remains a big challenge [...] Read more.
Gelatin methacryloyl scaffolds with microscale fiber structures own great significance because they can effectively mimic the extracellular matrix environment. Compared with extruding bioprinting, electrospinning technology is more suitable for establishing accurate hydrogel microfibers. However, electrospinning accurate gelatin methacryloyl microfiber remains a big challenge restricted by its bad spinnability. In this paper, polyethylene oxide, which owns promising spinnability, is added into gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel precursor to improve the spinnability of gelatin methacryloyl bioink. A three-dimensional motion platform for electrospinning is designed and built and the spinning process of microfibers under far-electric-field and near-electric-field conditions is systematically studied, respectively. As a result, scaffolds consisted of unordered and ordered microfibers are successfully fabricated under far-electric-field and near-electric field, respectively. In vitro culture experiments of human umbilical vein endothelial cells are carried out using the prepared gelatin methacryloyl microfiber scaffolds. The results show that the cells can easily attach to the microfibers and grow well. Moreover, the gelatin methacryloyl/ polyethylene oxide microfiber scaffold was directly spun on the polycaprolactone mesh scaffold printed by fused modeling printing method. The results showed that the macroscopic ordered and microscopic disordered microfiber scaffold could be successfully established, which could lead to directed cell growth. We believe that this method can effectively solve the problem of hydrogel spinnability and be a powerful tool for various biomedical engineering methods in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Bioprinting in Biomedicine)
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