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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Novel Biomaterial Designs and Strategies for Orthopaedic Surgery
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Novel Biomaterial Designs and Strategies for Orthopaedic Surgery

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 October 2023) | Viewed by 3754

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jiannan Li

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Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Interests: biomaterials; bioprinting; tissue engineering; hydrogels; stem cells; bone; tendon
Dr. Sien Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin 999077, Hong Kong
Interests: bone/cartilage tissue engineering; stem cell therapy; bioactive hydrogel
Dr. Ni Su

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Interests: tissue engineering; immunomodulation; biomaterials; bone regeneration; stem cells
Dr. Ning Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin 999077, Hong Kong
Interests: osteoporotic fracture; bone regeneration; sarcopenia; stem cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The musculoskeletal system is comprised of bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissues that support and bind tissues and organs together, providing mechanical support and movement to the human body. Orthopaedic surgery holds the largest share of the organ transplantation market. While small bone defects can heal on their own, bone healing is significantly compromised with increasing defect size, aging, and other pathological conditions. The gold standard for treating critical-sized bone defects uses bone grafts, which are limited by an insufficient donor tissue supply and donor site morbidity. Tissue engineering offers an alternative strategy for bone repair using cells, biomaterials, and biological signals. As the gap between donors and transplantations needed becomes increasingly larger, there is a clear demand for advanced biomaterials and tissue engineering strategies to fill this insufficiency. Despite recent advances in the development of novel biomaterials and their fabrication techniques, clinically available biomaterials capable of completely replacing or restoring the functions of native tissues are yet to be developed.

This Special Issue of Bioengineering on “Novel Biomaterial Designs and Strategies for Orthopaedic Surgery” aims to, therefore, focus on compiling original research papers and comprehensive reviews dealing with cutting-edge discoveries and/or methodologies for the material design, development, and corresponding treatment strategies improving orthopaedic surgery. Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. The design and synthesis of novel biomaterials for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration;
  2. Novel biomaterials for musculoskeletal replacement or transplantation;
  3. Biomaterials for stem cell therapy in orthopaedic disorders;
  4. Fabrication strategies for novel biomaterials;
  5. The investigation of biomaterials concerning their mechanical properties and functions for orthopaedic purposes;
  6. Clinic-relevant large animal studies for functions of biomaterials for orthopaedic purposes;
  7. Biomaterial design or drug delivery strategies for immunomodulation in orthopaedic treatments.

All research areas are considered relevant as long as experimentations are the main study drivers.

Dr. Jiannan Li
Dr. Sien Lin
Dr. Ni Su
Dr. Ning Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • bioprinting
  • tissue engineering
  • hydrogels
  • stem cells
  • orthopaedic surgery
  • bone regeneration

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2654 KiB  
Article
Biomechanical Variability and Usability of a Novel Customizable Fracture Fixation Technique
by Thomas Colding-Rasmussen, Peter Schwarzenberg, Peter Frederik Horstmann, Casper Bent Smedegaard Ottesen, Jorge San Jacinto Garcia, Daniel John Hutchinson, Michael Malkoch, Michael Mørk Petersen, Peter Varga and Christian Nai En Tierp-Wong
Bioengineering 2023, 10(10), 1146; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10101146 - 29 Sep 2023
Viewed by 996
Abstract
A novel in situ customizable osteosynthesis technique, Bonevolent™ AdhFix, demonstrates promising biomechanical properties under the expertise of a single trained operator. This study assesses inter- and intra-surgeon biomechanical variability and usability of the AdhFix osteosynthesis platform. Six surgeons conducted ten osteosyntheses on a [...] Read more.
A novel in situ customizable osteosynthesis technique, Bonevolent™ AdhFix, demonstrates promising biomechanical properties under the expertise of a single trained operator. This study assesses inter- and intra-surgeon biomechanical variability and usability of the AdhFix osteosynthesis platform. Six surgeons conducted ten osteosyntheses on a synthetic bone fracture model after reviewing an instruction manual and completing one supervised osteosynthesis. Samples underwent 4-point bending tests at a quasi-static loading rate, and the maximum bending moment (BM), bending stiffness (BS), and AdhFix cross-sectional area (CSA: mm²) were evaluated. All constructs exhibited a consistent appearance and were suitable for biomechanical testing. The mean BM was 2.64 ± 0.57 Nm, and the mean BS was 4.35 ± 0.44 Nm/mm. Statistically significant differences were observed among the six surgeons in BM (p < 0.001) and BS (p = 0.004). Throughout ten trials, only one surgeon demonstrated a significant improvement in BM (p < 0.025), and another showed a significant improvement in BS (p < 0.01). A larger CSA corresponded to a statistically significantly higher value for BM (p < 0.001) but not for BS (p = 0.594). In conclusion, this study found consistent biomechanical stability both across and within the surgeons included, suggesting that the AdhFix osteosynthesis platform can be learned and applied with minimal training and, therefore, might be a clinically viable fracture fixation technique. The variability in BM and BS observed is not expected to have a clinical impact, but future clinical studies are warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biomaterial Designs and Strategies for Orthopaedic Surgery)
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11 pages, 2583 KiB  
Article
Application of Escherichia coli-Derived Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 to Unstable Spinal Fractures
by Young-Hoon Kim, Jun-Seok Lee, Kee-Yong Ha, Sang-Il Kim, Ho-Young Jung, Geon-U Kim, Yongwon Joh and Hyung-Youl Park
Bioengineering 2023, 10(10), 1114; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10101114 - 22 Sep 2023
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Abstract
(1) Background: Recently, Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (E. coli-derived rhBMP-2) has been increasingly applied to different types of spinal surgeries and reported to achieve successful fusion. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Recently, Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (E. coli-derived rhBMP-2) has been increasingly applied to different types of spinal surgeries and reported to achieve successful fusion. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of rhBMP-2 in patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusions for unstable spinal fractures. (2) Methods: This study included ten consecutive patients undergoing spinal surgery using E. coli-derived rhBMP-2 with more than one year of follow-up. Radiologic outcomes were compared, including the average fracture healing period, local kyphosis correction, and clinical outcomes between preoperative and the last follow-up. (3) Results: The average time of radiographic union was 99.9 ± 45.4 (62–192) days, with an average use of 5.2 ± 3.9 months of anabolic agents. Radiologic parameters such as anterior vertebral height and vertebral wedge angle were significantly corrected postoperatively and at the last follow-up. Clinical outcomes other than leg pain were significantly improved after the surgery. In addition, four patients with preoperative neurologic deficits showed improved neurologic status. (4) Conclusions: Combined with the anabolic agents, applying E. coli-derived rhBMP-2 to the fractured vertebral body could be an effective surgical treatment for unstable spinal fractures. Further trials are needed to validate this result. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biomaterial Designs and Strategies for Orthopaedic Surgery)
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12 pages, 3877 KiB  
Article
Using a 3D Navigation Template to Increase the Accuracy of Thoracic Pedicle Screws in Patients with Scoliosis
by Cheng-Hao Jiang, Yan Shi, Yong-Mei Sun, Ming-Jun Cai, Hai-Long Wu, Li-Sheng Hu, Li-Min Yu, Peng Wang, Jie Shen, Yong-Can Huang and Bin-Sheng Yu
Bioengineering 2023, 10(7), 756; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10070756 - 25 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1486
Abstract
This study compares the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement using a 3D navigation template with the free-hand fluoroscopy technique in scoliotic patients. Fifteen scoliotic patients were recruited and divided into a template group (eight cases) and a free-hand group (seven cases). [...] Read more.
This study compares the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement using a 3D navigation template with the free-hand fluoroscopy technique in scoliotic patients. Fifteen scoliotic patients were recruited and divided into a template group (eight cases) and a free-hand group (seven cases). All patients received posterior corrective surgeries, and the pedicle screw was placed using a 3D navigation template or a free-hand technique. After surgery, the positions of the pedicle screws were evaluated using CT. A total of 264 pedicle screws were implanted in 15 patients. Both the two techniques were found to achieve satisfactory safety of screw insertion in scoliotic patients (89.9% vs. 90.5%). In the thoracic region, the 3D navigation template was able to achieve a much higher accuracy of screw than the free-hand technique (75.3% vs. 60.4%). In the two groups, the accuracy rates on the convex side were slightly higher than on the concave side, while no significance was seen. In terms of rotational vertebrae, no significant differences were seen in Grades I or II vertebrae between the two groups. In conclusion, the 3D navigation template technique significantly increased the accuracy of thoracic pedicle screw placement, which held great potential for extensively clinical application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biomaterial Designs and Strategies for Orthopaedic Surgery)
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