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Bioengineering
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Engineering Biodegradable-Implant Materials, Volume II
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Engineering Biodegradable-Implant Materials, Volume II

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Regenerative Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 4303

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hamdy Ibrahim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering Department, The University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN 37402, USA
Interests: biodegradable metals; biocomposites; shape memory alloys; additive manufacturing; surface treatments; corrosion behavior of biomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of new biomaterials is critical for the future advancement of efficient treatment approaches in the field of regenerative medicine. This Special Issue, entitled “Engineering Biodegradable-Implant Materials”, is concerned with the engineering aspects of biomaterials that are designed for the fixation, mimicking, or replacement of tissue and organs such as bone. The topics of biocompatibility (in vitro and in vivo), mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, damage evolution, and failure modeling of Biodegradable-Implant Materials are within the scope of this Special Issue. Computational, analytical, and experimental studies that investigate the underlying mechanisms and the different behaviors of Biodegradable-Implant Materials and their effect on the improvement of the implantation process are also included in the scope.

Examples of relevant subjects include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Stress–strain–time responses of Biodegradable-Implant Materials;
  • Corrosion, corrosion fatigue and fracture mechanics of Biodegradable-Implant Materials;
  • Tribological properties of Biodegradable-Implant Materials and their replacements;
  • Case studies on the preclinical and clinical performance of implants;
  • Fabrication methods of Biodegradable-Implant Materials (e.g., additive manufacturing, bioprinting and coatings);
  • The behavior of bone implants under impact loading;
  • New methodologies for in-lab and in practice measurements of mechanical properties of Biodegradable-Implant Materials;
  • Computer simulations of the material’s behavior and implant–organ interaction.

Dr. Hamdy Ibrahim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3450 KiB  
Article
In Vivo Assessment of High-Strength and Corrosion-Controlled Magnesium-Based Bone Implants
by Hamdy Ibrahim, Caroline Billings, Moataz Abdalla, Ahmed Korra and David Edger Anderson
Bioengineering 2023, 10(7), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10070877 - 24 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1144
Abstract
The biodegradable nature of magnesium in aqueous mediums makes it an attractive material for various biomedical applications when it is not recommended that the material stay permanently in the body. Some of the main challenges that hinder the use of magnesium for bone [...] Read more.
The biodegradable nature of magnesium in aqueous mediums makes it an attractive material for various biomedical applications when it is not recommended that the material stay permanently in the body. Some of the main challenges that hinder the use of magnesium for bone fracture repair are its limited mechanical strength and fast corrosion rates. To this end, we developed a novel Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn-based alloy and post-fabrication methods that can deliver high-strength and corrosion-controlled implant materials to address these challenges. This study is focused on assessing the in vitro corrosion and in vivo biocompatibility of the developed magnesium-based alloy and post-fabrication processes. The developed heat treatment process resulted in an increase in the microhardness from 71.9 ± 5.4 HV for the as-cast Mg alloy to as high as 98.1 ± 6.5 HV for the heat-treated Mg alloy, and the ceramic coating resulted in a significant reduction in the corrosion rate from 10.37 mm/yr for the uncoated alloy to 0.03 mm/yr after coating. The in vivo assessments showed positive levels of biocompatibility in terms of degradation rates and integration of the implants in a rabbit model. In the rabbit studies, the implants became integrated into the bone defect and showed minimal evidence of an immune response. The results of this study show that it is possible to produce biocompatible Mg-based implants with stronger and more corrosion-controlled properties based on the developed Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn-based alloy and post-fabrication methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Biodegradable-Implant Materials, Volume II)
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18 pages, 6282 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Biocompatibility Assessment of Boron Nitride Magnesium Nanocomposites for Orthopedic Applications
by Mary S. Jia, Shelby Hash, Wendy Reynoso, Mostafa Elsaadany and Hamdy Ibrahim
Bioengineering 2023, 10(7), 757; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10070757 - 25 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1202
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) has been intensively studied as a promising alternative material to inert metallic alloys for orthopedic fixation devices due to its biodegradable nature inside the body and its favorable biocompatibility. However, the low mechanical strength and rapid corrosion of Mg in physiological [...] Read more.
Magnesium (Mg) has been intensively studied as a promising alternative material to inert metallic alloys for orthopedic fixation devices due to its biodegradable nature inside the body and its favorable biocompatibility. However, the low mechanical strength and rapid corrosion of Mg in physiological environments represent the main challenges for the development of Mg-based devices for orthopedic applications. A possible solution to these limitations is the incorporation of a small content of biocompatible nanoparticles into the Mg matrix to increase strength and possibly corrosion resistance of the resulting nanocomposites. In this work, the effect of adding boron nitride (BN) nanoparticles (0.5 and 1.5 vol.%) on the mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, and biocompatibility of Mg-based nanocomposites was investigated. The properties of the nanocomposites fabricated using powder metallurgy methods were assessed using microstructure analyses, microhardness, compression tests, in vitro corrosion, contact angle, and cytotoxicity tests. A significant increase in the microhardness, strength, and corrosion rates of Mg–BN nanocomposites was detected compared with those of pure Mg (0% BN). Crystalline surface post-corrosion byproducts were detected and identified via SEM, EDX, and XRD. Biocompatibility assessments showed that the incorporation of BN nanoparticles had no significant impact on the cytotoxicity of Mg and samples were hydrophilic based on the contact angle results. These results confirm that the addition of BN nanoparticles to the Mg matrix can increase strength and corrosion resistance without influencing cytotoxicity in vitro. Further investigation into the chemical behavior of nanocomposites in physiological environments is needed to determine the potential impact of corrosive byproducts. Surface treatments and formulation methods that would increase the viability of these materials in vivo are also needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Biodegradable-Implant Materials, Volume II)
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16 pages, 6792 KiB  
Article
Improving Bioactive Characteristics of Small Diameter Polytetrafluoroethylene Stent Grafts by Electrospinning: A Comparative Hemocompatibility Study
by Meltem Avci-Adali, Gerd Grözinger, Vincent Cabane, Michiel Schreve and Hans Peter Wendel
Bioengineering 2023, 10(4), 411; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10040411 - 26 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1560
Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a commonly used biomaterial for the manufacturing of vascular grafts and several strategies, such as coatings, have been explored to improve the hemocompatibility of small-diameter prostheses. In this study, the hemocompatibility properties of novel stent grafts covered with electrospun PTFE [...] Read more.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a commonly used biomaterial for the manufacturing of vascular grafts and several strategies, such as coatings, have been explored to improve the hemocompatibility of small-diameter prostheses. In this study, the hemocompatibility properties of novel stent grafts covered with electrospun PTFE (LimFlow Gen-1 and LimFlow Gen-2) were compared with uncoated and heparin-coated PTFE grafts (Gore Viabahn®) using fresh human blood in a Chandler closed-loop system. After 60 min of incubation, the blood samples were examined hematologically and activation of coagulation, platelets, and the complement system were analyzed. In addition, the adsorbed fibrinogen on the stent grafts was measured and the thrombogenicity was assessed by SEM. Significantly lower adsorption of fibrinogen was measured on the surface of heparin-coated Viabahn than on the surface of the uncoated Viabahn. Furthermore, LimFlow Gen-1 stent grafts showed lower fibrinogen adsorption than the uncoated Viabahn®, and the LimFlow Gen-2 stent grafts showed comparable fibrinogen adsorption as the heparin-coated Viabahn®. SEM analysis revealed no sign of thrombus formation on any of the stent surfaces. LimFlow Gen-2 stent grafts covered with electrospun PTFE exhibited bioactive characteristics and revealed improved hemocompatibility in terms of reduced adhesion of fibrinogen, activation of platelets, and coagulation (assessed by β-TG and TAT levels) similar to heparin-coated ePTFE prostheses. Thus, this study demonstrated improved hemocompatibility of electrospun PTFE. The next step is to conduct in vivo studies to confirm whether electrospinning-induced changes to the PTFE surface can reduce the risk of thrombus formation and provide clinical benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Biodegradable-Implant Materials, Volume II)
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