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Special Issue "Physical Activity and Aging"

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A special issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Psychology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 2751

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Renato Sobral Monteiro-Junior

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Guest Editor

Graduate Program of Health Sciences and Physical Education and Sport Department, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros 39401-089, MG, Brazil
Interests: physical activity and cognitive impairment; aging and active lifestyle; neurobiology of exercise; physical activity and frailty; mental health and exercise

Dr. Henrique Nunes Pereira Oliva

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Department of Psychiatry of the Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
Interests: psychiatry; neuroimaging; substance-related disorders; mental health and exercise

Dr. Frederico Sander Mansur Machado

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Guest Editor

Sports and Physical Education Department of the State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais 39401-089, MG, Brazil
Interests: physical activity and sleep and circadian rhythms; physical activity and cognitive impairment; aging and active lifestyle; neurobiology of exercise; mental health and exercise

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The population is aging rapidly worldwide, and this phenomenon is closely associated with non-communicable chronic diseases. An active lifestyle seems to delay the deleterious effects of aging on biological processes. The literature has shown that physical activity, in many ways, has the potential to prevent, control and treat chronic diseases. Considering that humans were evolutionarily programmed to move, there is a close relationship between movement and health. However, although the relevance of physical activity is recognized, there are many gaps to be elucidated regarding its different types, administration, and biological mechanisms. This Special Issue aims at the improvement of the current knowledge regarding physical activity and aging, building an interdisciplinary perspective about the physical and mental health of older adults.

Dr. Renato Sobral Monteiro-Junior
Dr. Henrique Nunes Pereira Oliva
Dr. Frederico Sander Mansur Machado
Guest Editors

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Keywords

physical activity
aging
mental health
frailty
lifestyle

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Regular Exercise on Life Satisfaction, Self-Esteem, and Self-Efficacy in Older Adults

and

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13090714 - 28 Aug 2023

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Abstract

This study employed the correlational survey model to examine how regular exercise influenced life satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy in men over 65. The study sample included a total of 215 participants, of whom 110 exercised regularly (for at least 45 min, three times a week), while 105 engaged in no physical exercise. Regular exercisers were found to score significantly higher on life satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy scales as compared to non-exercisers. These scores also increased significantly with age and prolonged exercise history. A moderate and positive correlation was detected between life satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy among regular exercisers, while non-exercisers showed low to moderate correlations. The findings suggest that regular exercise can enhance life satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy in the elderly male population. Such effects appear to be associated with greater age and lifetime exercise history, highlighting the value of regular physical exercise in improving the quality of life among older adults. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity and Aging)

Open AccessArticle

Dual-Task Performance, Balance and Aerobic Capacity as Predictors of Falls in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Disease: A Comparative Study

Heitor Silveira

Juliana Lima

Jessica Plácido

José Vinícius Ferreira

Renan Ferreira

Jerson Laks

and

Andrea Deslandes

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 488; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060488 - 09 Jun 2023

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are highly prevalent and strongly associated with the risk of falls in the elderly. Falls are associated with impairments in cognition and functional or gait performance; however, little is known about these associations in the elderly population with CVD. In this study, we aimed to clarify the possible associations of physical capacity and functional and cognitive outcomes with the incidence of falls in older adults with CVD. In this comparative study, 72 elderly patients were divided into fallers (n = 24 cases) and non-fallers (n = 48 controls) according to the occurrence of falls within one year. Machine learning techniques were adopted to formulate a classification model and identify the most important variables associated with the risk of falls. Participants with the worst cardiac health classification, older age, the worst cognitive and functional performance, balance and aerobic capacity were prevalent in the case group. The variables of most importance for the machine learning model were VO_2max, dual-task in seconds and the Berg Scale. There was a significant association between cognitive-motor performance and the incidence of falls. Dual-task performance, balance, and aerobic capacity levels were associated with an increased risk of falls, in older adults with CVD, during a year of observation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity and Aging)

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Open AccessArticle

The Association between a Minimum Amount of Physical Activity and Subsequent Muscle Strength and Balance in Older Adults: A Prospective Study

and

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 316; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040316 - 06 Apr 2023

Viewed by 950

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between 15 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and subsequent muscle strength and balance in older adults. Data concerning community-dwelling older Taiwanese adults (mean age, 69.5 years) were collected during the baseline period (2018) and at a 12-month follow-up survey (2019). Time spent performing MVPA was objectively assessed using a triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3x-BT) at baseline. Upper and lower limb muscle strength were measured using handgrip strength and a five-times sit-to-stand test, respectively. Balance was assessed using a one-leg standing test. The 12-month variations in muscle strength and balance were calculated through subtracting follow-up data from baseline data. A forced entry-adjusted logistic regression analysis was conducted. In total, 65.2% of participants engaged in at least 15 min of daily MVPA in the baseline survey. After adjusting for confounders, older adults who achieved 15 min of daily MVPA during the baseline period were more likely to maintain or improve balance performance (odds ratio, 8.12). Performing 15 min of daily MVPA was found to benefit older adults’ subsequent balance performance but not muscle strength. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity and Aging)

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