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4.1
2.9
Journals
Atmosphere
Special Issues
Urban Green and Blue Infrastructures for Heat Mitigation
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Urban Green and Blue Infrastructures for Heat Mitigation

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biometeorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 6864

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hai Yan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Interests: urban heat island; urban green space; microclimate; thermal environment; landscape design
Prof. Dr. Zhiyi Bao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Interests: urban forestry; urban climate; thermal comfort; sustainable development
Dr. Shuxin Fan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: landscape architecture; urban climate; microclimate; urban park; land cover

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We earnestly invite you to submit your papers on the subject of urban green and blue infrastructures for heat mitigation to the journal Atmosphere.

Presently, more than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. This number is set to increase to 66% by 2050. With the rapid population increase and urban expansion, urbanization is leading to significant modifications in the urban climate. The most well-documented example is the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Higher temperatures caused by the UHI effect are affecting the habitability of cities, air quality, and energy consumption. Green and blue infrastructure in cities can greatly improve the outdoor thermal environment and mitigate the urban heat island effect. In the context of climate change, with the predictable increase in temperature and intensity of heat waves, the cooling effect of urban green and blue space is becoming increasingly important.

We look forward to your submissions showcasing new insights into the cooling effects of urban green and blue space, with the aim of answering new environmental challenges and scientific problems.

The topics include, but are not limited to:

  • The cooling effects of different green and blue landscape elements.
  • What are the key factors that affect the cooling effect of urban green and blue spaces?
  • How do urban green and blue spaces modify the climate at different scales?
  • Effect of urban green and blue space on thermal comfort.
  • Thermal environmental effects of vertical greening (green roofs, green walls, and green facades).
  • Application of new technology, new methods, and new equipment（such as big data, deep learning, and unmanned air vehicles）in the study of the cooling effect of urban green and blue
  • Strategies for climate-sensitive urban green and blue space design.

Dr. Hai Yan
Prof. Dr. Zhiyi Bao
Dr. Shuxin Fan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • urban heat island
  • green and blue infrastructure
  • urban green space
  • urban blue space
  • cooling effect
  • microclimate
  • thermal comfort
  • urban planning and design

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 13492 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Landscape Spatial Configuration and Form for Thermal Comfort: A Case Study of Urban Square, Shanghai
by Chundong Ma, Yiyan Chen, Wenlin Gao and Binyi Liu
Atmosphere 2023, 14(9), 1357; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14091357 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1178
Abstract
Outdoor public spaces that provide a comfortable microclimate significantly contribute to urban livability. However, more elaborate investigations are needed to enhance the research-based design of landscape spatial form for optimal thermal comfort performance. This study aimed to optimize the morphological design of urban [...] Read more.
Outdoor public spaces that provide a comfortable microclimate significantly contribute to urban livability. However, more elaborate investigations are needed to enhance the research-based design of landscape spatial form for optimal thermal comfort performance. This study aimed to optimize the morphological design of urban squares considering summer and winter microclimates by integrating multiple landscape elements of vegetation, waterbodies, buildings, and ground. The built environment microclimate simulation and validation of multi-physics coupling were conducted for thermal comfort, planar heterogeneity diagramming, and spatial typology identification. Further, research through design (RtD) was applied to reconstruct various spatial configurations and orientation forms to compare the relative thermal comfort areas of these geometrical prototypes in the target time period and square core zone. Among the landscape types, two identified spatial types for achieving better thermal comfort are the opening of a windward enclosure structure (ECS) that draws wind into the square in summer and an ECS without a windward opening that creates a more extended wind protection area in winter. Moreover, results of RtD show that the prototype with the smallest orientation angle to the prevailing wind direction has the most optimized thermal comfort during summer, while the form with a smaller angle to the prevailing wind direction is more favorable in winter. These findings provide methodological guidance for climate-adapted landscape square form optimization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Green and Blue Infrastructures for Heat Mitigation)
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15 pages, 5214 KiB  
Article
Cooling Effect of Trees with Different Attributes and Layouts on the Surface Heat Island of Urban Street Canyons in Summer
by Shaojun Yan, Tailong Zhang, Yu Wu, Chu Lv, Feng Qi, Yangen Chen, Xiaohua Wu and Yamei Shen
Atmosphere 2023, 14(5), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050857 - 11 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2555
Abstract
In recent years, the impact of surface heat islands in urban street canyons has become increasingly apparent. However, the research on the use of trees to mitigate surface heat islands remains limited. To address this gap, this study combines experiments and simulations to [...] Read more.
In recent years, the impact of surface heat islands in urban street canyons has become increasingly apparent. However, the research on the use of trees to mitigate surface heat islands remains limited. To address this gap, this study combines experiments and simulations to analyze the cooling effect of trees on surface temperatures under varying timeframes and layouts in an east–west street canyon. The results reveal that the temperature of the road decreases by 10–15 °C, which is 2–4 times greater than that on the south side. Moreover, at 5:00 p.m. in the afternoon, the cooling effect on the south side is 10.3 °C, which is twice that of the north side. In practical planning and design, the diameter of the tree canopy should be maximized, and trees with leaf-area densities greater than 1.5 m2/m3 should be selected. Additionally, the layout of trees should be optimized to maximize the tree canopy coverage. These findings have important implications for optimizing plant selection and placement in street canyons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Green and Blue Infrastructures for Heat Mitigation)
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17 pages, 18311 KiB  
Article
Quantifying the Impact of Canopy Structural Characteristics on Soil Temperature Variations in Different Bamboo Communities
by Tingting Ma, Xinge Nan, Renwu Wu, Hai Yan, Na Wu, Juan She and Zhiyi Bao
Atmosphere 2023, 14(3), 445; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030445 - 23 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2074
Abstract
Soil temperature plays an important role in soil respiration, which is related to the atmospheric carbon cycle. In addition to its own physical and chemical properties, soil temperature is also influenced by external environmental factors, including plants. Therefore, it is relevant to explore [...] Read more.
Soil temperature plays an important role in soil respiration, which is related to the atmospheric carbon cycle. In addition to its own physical and chemical properties, soil temperature is also influenced by external environmental factors, including plants. Therefore, it is relevant to explore the relationship between plant characteristics and soil temperature. This study was conducted in Hangzhou, China. The influence of canopy structural characteristics of bamboo communities on soil temperature was investigated in detail by means of field measurements. In summer, the canopy structure of bamboo communities reduced the soil temperature by up to 3.0–3.8 °C, 2.4–3.4 °C, and 2.3–3.0 °C at 5 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm, respectively. In winter, the canopy structure of bamboo communities increased soil temperature by up to 0.1–0.4 °C, 0.1–0.6 °C, and 0.2–0.7 °C at 5 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm, respectively. The leaf area index and canopy cover significantly affected the soil temperature, while the effect of the sky view factor was minimal compared to other factors. We also discovered that soil temperatures at different depths interact and are influenced by the air temperature. These findings provide a more reasonable bamboo canopy plan to improve the urban environment effectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Green and Blue Infrastructures for Heat Mitigation)
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