The Effect of the Ocean on Weather and Climate

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2023) | Viewed by 1589

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
Interests: ocean–atmosphere interaction; climate dynamics; tropical climate; global monsoons; remote sensing; ocean–atmosphere modeling
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ocean is an important part of the Earth’s climate system and plays a critical role in weather and climate dynamics. The ocean has absorbed 93% of the excess heat from greenhouse gas emissions since the 1970s. In addition, 83% of the global carbon cycle is circulated through the ocean. Ocean warming contributes to the rising sea levels due to its thermal expansion, threatening the coastal regions. Weather patterns are changing due to rising ocean temperatures because the ocean is the key to the movement of water across the globe, distributing heat and moisture around the world. Rising ocean temperatures are linked to some weather extremes and lead to more intense hurricanes, heavier rainfall, and snowstorms. Anomalous warm sea surface temperatures can influence weather patterns and shift precipitation, which leads to intense rainstorms and flooding in some regions and exacerbates drought conditions and wildfire risks in others. There may also be a connection between warming Arctic waters and the polar vortex icy blasts of cold air over the United States and Europe. Scientists are investigating whether the lack of sea ice due to the rising ocean temperatures weakens jet streams, which usually keep arctic air from moving to the south. More research is needed to understand the effects of ocean warming on weather and climate.  

For this Special Issue, we invite original and review articles that focus on observations from a wide range of sources and modeling approaches. The scope of this Special Issue is broad and any innovative research work concerning the role of ocean in weather and climate over a variety of temporal–spatial scales is welcome. Research concerning the effects of sea ice on weather/climate is also particularly welcome.

Dr. Yangxing Zheng
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • ocean
  • weather
  • climate
  • sea ice
  • global warming
  • climate change
  • ocean temperature
  • ocean current

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 20736 KiB  
Article
Climate Change in the Eastern Xinjiang of China and Its Connection to Northwestern Warm Humidification
by Lu Li, Shijie Wang, Youping Chen, Heli Zhang, Jiyun Zhang, Yang Xu and Jiachang Wei
Atmosphere 2023, 14(9), 1421; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14091421 - 10 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Eastern Xinjiang, as a typical extremely arid area, exhibits a high sensitivity to climate change. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the climatic changes in this region, along with their driving mechanisms, and comparing these with the broader trend of “warming and humidifying” in [...] Read more.
Eastern Xinjiang, as a typical extremely arid area, exhibits a high sensitivity to climate change. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the climatic changes in this region, along with their driving mechanisms, and comparing these with the broader trend of “warming and humidifying” in the Northwest can provide a scientific foundation for adapting to and addressing climate change. Based on a study of precipitation and temperature data from seven meteorological stations in Eastern Xinjiang from 1960 to 2022, the following findings were observed: (1) The climate of eastern Xinjiang is generally characterized by a warming and humidifying trend, with the rates of mean annual temperature and total annual precipitation being 0.39 °C/10 a and 3.32 mm/10 a. The eastern part of Xinjiang has less precipitation, with a lower growth rate than that of the neighboring regions, and higher temperatures, with a higher growth rate than that of the neighboring regions. (2) The first principal component of precipitation explains 47.85% of the variation in total precipitation, with a significant upward trend (p < 0.05) and an abrupt change in the late 1970s. It contains strong signals of regional precipitation, temperature, and dry and wet changes. (3) The increase in the first principal component of annual precipitation in eastern Xinjiang is mainly related to the warming of SSTs in the Indian Ocean and the central-eastern part of the tropical southern Pacific Ocean as well as the weakening of the Asian monsoon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of the Ocean on Weather and Climate)
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