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Applied Sciences
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Energy Management and Diagnostics of Grid-Connected Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
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Energy Management and Diagnostics of Grid-Connected Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 March 2022) | Viewed by 7459

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Nicu Bizon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electronics, Communications and Computers, University of Pitesti, 1 Targu din Vale, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
Interests: power electronics; renewable energy; fuel cell; hybrid power systems; control; optimization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Negative impacts from the dominant use of petroleum-based transportation have propelled the globe towards electrified transportation in all sectors, including aircraft, trains, ships, and electric vehicles (EVs). This shift is expected to rapidly advance as the benefits, political incentives, and falling prices. Of particular importance to enable electrified transportation is the availability of economically and technologically robust batteries and charging technologies. With continued research on batteries, polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells (PEMFC) and charging stations, technologies will be refined, and standards will be developed, which will encourage the increased adoption of EVs and Fuel Cell vehicles (FCVs), leading to a more sustainable energy future. This Special Issue will be coordinated by the Applied Science from MDPI (ISSN 2076-3417, WOS SCIE, Impact Factor 2.679 (2020), Q2). The main objective of this Special Issue is to provide timely solutions for emerging scientific/technical challenges in electromobility, battery electrochemistry, PEMFC, material, algorithmic, hardware aspects of battery management systems, and equipment and technologies based on renewable energy (REW) used in Hybrid Power Systems (HPSs) involved in charging stations.

Topics of interest of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Battery diagnosis, prognosis, energy and health management
  • Battery electrochemical/material characteristics
  • Battery temperature control technologies
  • Battery charging technologies, and alternative energy based electric vehicle charging station
  • Battery management system hardware design and verification
  • Battery modeling and state estimation
  • FC diagnosis, prognosis, energy and health management
  • FC mathematical modeling
  • FC real time simulation
  • FC diagnosis, control, monitoring
  • Electric, FC and hybrid vehicles
  • REW-based HPS diagnosis, prognosis, energy and health management
  • REW-based HPS mathematical modeling
  • REW-based HPS real time simulation
  • REW-based HPS diagnosis, control, monitoring
  • Charging stations for EVs.
  • Optimization and prediction strategies for energy management and diagnostics
  • Convergence of Blockchain and IoT for Secure Transportation and High Electromobility

 

Papers received are subject to a rigorous, but fast, peer review procedure, ensuring wide dissemination of research results accepted for this Special Issue. I am writing to invite you to submit your original work to this Special Issue. I am looking forward to receiving your outstanding research outcomes.

Prof. Dr. Nicu Bizon
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Electric vehicles
  • Renewable energy
  • Fuel cell
  • PEMFC
  • Batteries
  • Charging technologies
  • Energy optimization
  • Diagnosis
  • Prediction strategies
  • Blockchain
  • IoT
  • Secure transportation

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2717 KiB  
Article
Smart Electric Vehicle Charging via Adjustable Real-Time Charging Rates
by Theron Smith, Joseph Garcia and Gregory Washington
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 10962; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210962 - 19 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1693
Abstract
This paper presents a plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging control algorithm, Adjustable Real-Time Valley Filling (ARVF), to improve PEV charging and minimize adverse effects from uncontrolled PEV charging on the grid. ARVF operates in real time, adjusts to sudden deviations between forecasted and [...] Read more.
This paper presents a plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging control algorithm, Adjustable Real-Time Valley Filling (ARVF), to improve PEV charging and minimize adverse effects from uncontrolled PEV charging on the grid. ARVF operates in real time, adjusts to sudden deviations between forecasted and actual baseloads, and uses fuzzy logic to deliver variable charging rates between 1.9 and 7.2 kW. Fuzzy logic is selected for this application because it can optimize nonlinear systems, operate in real time, scale efficiently, and be computationally fast, making ARVF a robust algorithm for real-world applications. In addition, this study proves that when the forecasted and actual baseload vary by more than 20%, its real-time capability is more advantageous than algorithms that use optimization techniques on predicted baseload data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Management and Diagnostics of Grid-Connected Electric and Hybrid Vehicles)
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9 pages, 2354 KiB  
Article
Effects of Pulse Current Charging on the Aging Performance of Commercial Cylindrical Lithium Ion Batteries
by Seunghun Lee, Wonil Cho, Vandung Do and Woongchul Choi
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 4918; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11114918 - 27 May 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2853
Abstract
Rapid development of electronic devices, ranging from personal communication devices to electric mobility solutions, has increased demand for energy storage devices not only in the production volume but also in the product functionality. Among many functional requirements including energy capacity, safety, and short [...] Read more.
Rapid development of electronic devices, ranging from personal communication devices to electric mobility solutions, has increased demand for energy storage devices not only in the production volume but also in the product functionality. Among many functional requirements including energy capacity, safety, and short recharge time, one of the major limitations is the short charging time while maintaining the designed capacity. However, even with the most updated lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology, it is well known that fast charging with a high current rate would reduce the lifetime of batteries significantly. Recently, among the many approaches to improve the quick charging performance, a pulse current charging method while keeping the total amount of energy has demonstrated a successful fast recharging of LIB without significantly degrading the battery capacity. The essence of the idea is to stop charging in the middle stage to provide a relaxation period instead of continuously charging at a high current rate. In this study, a comparative study between a conventional charging method with 3C current rate (equivalent to 20 min of charging time) and a pulse current charging with 6C current rate (10 min of charging and 10 min of relaxation time) was carried out. While the conventional charging method showed that the capacity was maintained up to about 200 cycles, the pulse current charging method revealed that the capacity was maintained for more than 450 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of nearly 100%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Management and Diagnostics of Grid-Connected Electric and Hybrid Vehicles)
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23 pages, 9271 KiB  
Article
Improving the Fuel Economy and Battery Lifespan in Fuel Cell/Renewable Hybrid Power Systems Using the Power-Following Control of the Fueling Regulators
by Nicu Bizon, Mihai Oproescu, Phatiphat Thounthong, Mihai Varlam, Elena Carcadea, Mihai Culcer, Mariana Iliescu, Maria Simona Raboaca and Ioan Sorin Sorlei
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(22), 8310; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228310 - 23 Nov 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1919
Abstract
In this study, the performance and safe operation of the fuel cell (FC) system and battery-based energy storage system (ESS) included in an FC/ESS/renewable hybrid power system (HPS) is fully analyzed under dynamic load and variable power from renewable sources. Power-following control (PFC) [...] Read more.
In this study, the performance and safe operation of the fuel cell (FC) system and battery-based energy storage system (ESS) included in an FC/ESS/renewable hybrid power system (HPS) is fully analyzed under dynamic load and variable power from renewable sources. Power-following control (PFC) is used for either the air regulator or the fuel regulator of the FC system, or it is switched to the inputs of the air and hydrogen regulators based on a threshold of load demand; these strategies are referred to as air-PFC, fuel-PFC, and air/fuel-PFC, respectively. The performance and safe operation of the FC system and battery-based ESS under these strategies is compared to the static feed-forward (sFF) control used by most commercial strategies implemented in FC systems, FC/renewable HPSs, and FC vehicles. This study highlights the benefits of using a PFC-based strategy to establish FC-system fueling flows, in addition to an optimal control of the boost power converter to maximize fuel economy. For example, the fuel economy for a 6 kW FC system using the air/fuel-PFC strategy compared to the strategies air-PFC, fuel-PFC, and the sFF benchmark is 6.60%, 7.53%, and 12.60% of the total hydrogen consumed by these strategies under a load profile of up and down the stairs using 1 kW/2 s per step. For an FC/ESS/renewable system, the fuel economy of an air/fuel-PFC strategy compared to same strategies is 7.28%, 8.23%, and 13.43%, which is better by about 0.7% because an FC system operates at lower power due to the renewable energy available in this case study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Management and Diagnostics of Grid-Connected Electric and Hybrid Vehicles)
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