Artificial Intelligence in Medical Diagnostics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Computing and Artificial Intelligence".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 1215

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: artificial intelligence; expert systems; data bases; methods of knowledge representation; software engineering; medical informatics; machine learning; neural networks; bioinformatics; metabolomics; radiomics; nutrigenomics; logic; biocomputers
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Co-Guest Editor
Neurology and Epileptology Department, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: epilepsy; neuroinfections; TORCH infections; neuroimaging; neonatal neurology
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Co-Guest Editor
Public Health Department, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: research and clinical work mainly devoted to cholestatic liver disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; rare metabolic liver diseases (e.g., Wilson disease, newly described PGM-1); nutrition in hepatology and gastroenterology (e.g., LCPUFA deficiency); obesity prevention and therapy; feeding disorders; protracted diarrhea of infancy and early childhood
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are inviting submissions to the Special Issue entitled “Artificial Intelligence in Medical Diagnostics”.

Over the past few decades, artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized almost every aspect of our modern world. The domain of medicine was specifically affected by these innovations. This Special Issue is devoted to the application of the AI methods in various research fields of medical diagnostics. For this purpose, different branches of artificial intelligence are used. In our Special Issue, we focus on two of them: expert systems and radiomics, which can be applied in different areas of medicine. Expert systems are traditionally one of the first branches of AI. These systems are specifically designed to emulate the decision-making ability of a human expert in a particular field of medicine. They are based on inference engines and symbolic knowledge. However, one of the most common techniques used in the medical diagnosis of patients is imaging, which is simple in its principle yet a powerful method. It allows doctors to see abnormalities in patients’ bodies in a non-invasive manner, and helps them to choose suitable treatments. Medical imaging provides a lot of data to doctors; however, years of practice are often required to detect abnormalities, as some changes might be very hard to detect. Radiomics refers to the extraction and analysis of large amounts of advanced quantitative imaging features with high throughput. This field has been greatly developed in the recent years through machine learning architectures such as different types of neural networks. Further development of the aforementioned research fields is important to automate and speed up of the process of medical diagnoses, which can be crucial to the efficient and proper treatment of the ill.

Prof. Dr. Jan Mulawka
Dr. Dorota Dunin-Wąsowicz
Prof. Dr. Piotr Socha
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • medical diagnostics
  • expert systems
  • radiomics
  • knowledge acquisition
  • machine learning
  • neural networks

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 4567 KiB  
Article
Diagnosis and Proposed Treatment for COVID-19 Patients Based on Deep Learning Analysis of Computed Tomography Images
by Zofia Knapińska, Jan Mulawka and Maciej Kierzkiewicz
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7565; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137565 - 27 Jun 2023
Viewed by 831
Abstract
In this contribution, we consider computed tomography (CT) as a diagnostic tool for identifying coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. However, interpreting CT scans can be subjective, leading to interobserver variability and potential misdiagnosis. To address these challenges, a deep learning-based chest approach was [...] Read more.
In this contribution, we consider computed tomography (CT) as a diagnostic tool for identifying coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. However, interpreting CT scans can be subjective, leading to interobserver variability and potential misdiagnosis. To address these challenges, a deep learning-based chest approach was developed to create a precise diagnostic tool for COVID-19 pneumonia and a personalized therapeutic strategy for individual patients. The study collected chest CT images from patients with different lung conditions, creating a diverse convolutional neural network (CNN) training material. Three different CNN-based models were tested for diagnostic purposes, with the output stating whether the patient was healthy or infected. The models facilitated selecting regions of interest (ROIs) and extracting the radiomic features from the input data, resulting in satisfactory results with core classification quality measures above the 50% threshold. For therapeutic purposes, a custom U-Net-based model was used to extract lung and infection masks from a provided CT slice. The percentage of the pathologically altered tissue was calculated, and the COVID-19 severity score was computed and then matched with an optimal therapeutic strategy. Overall, the models delivered high-quality results, representing a functioning deep learning-based application that could be advantageous as a doctor-friendly support tool. The use of deep learning techniques in medical imaging shows promising results, improving the accuracy and speed of diagnosis and treatment of not only COVID-19 but also many different diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence in Medical Diagnostics)
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