Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 9851

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the past years, Electronic Engineering has been considered a purely male research field. This is evidenced by the number of women involved in both studies and job positions in this field, which is still much lower than the number of men. However, in Electronics, women have reached very high levels and they have made a decisive contribution both in the academic field and in technological progress. Based on these considerations, this special issue aims to collect contributions that can serve both to encourage girls to undertake these studies, and to make visible and to celebrate the achievements of women researchers from all over the world who focus their research on Electronics. Contributions to this issue in which women are the first author or one of the corresponding authors  can be submitted as original research articles or reviews, and can cover any topic in the field of Electronic Engineering.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Graziella Scandurra
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electronics
  • digital electronics
  • analog electronics
  • microwave
  • electronic devices
  • IC
  • sensors
  • AD and DA converters
  • electronic instrumentation

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 173 KiB  
Editorial
Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women
by Graziella Scandurra
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7641; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137641 - 28 Jun 2023
Viewed by 373
Abstract
In the past, electronic engineering has been considered a purely male research field and, although this situation has changed slightly, the male prevalence in both academic and professional fields is still marked [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women)

Research

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15 pages, 6446 KiB  
Article
Differential Evolution Applied to a Multilevel Inverter—A Case Study
by Oscar Sánchez Vargas, Susana Estefany De León Aldaco, Jesús Aguayo Alquicira, Luis Gerardo Vela Valdés and Jesús Darío Mina Antonio
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(19), 9910; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199910 - 01 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1254
Abstract
This work aims to obtain the switching angles to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) and compare the different sets of angles obtained by modifying the modular index (Mi) in a seven-level multilevel inverter using the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. A seven-level cascaded [...] Read more.
This work aims to obtain the switching angles to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) and compare the different sets of angles obtained by modifying the modular index (Mi) in a seven-level multilevel inverter using the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. A seven-level cascaded multilevel inverter with RL load was simulated in MATLAB Simulink. The Mi was varied (0.6 to 1.27) to check which set of switching angles is optimal to reduce the THD. These sets of angles are then experimentally validated on a test bench. A brief discussion of the results is presented, comparing the minimum THD found without considering Mi, versus the minimum THD obtained if Mi is less than 1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women)
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16 pages, 3308 KiB  
Article
UHT Milk Characterization by Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
by Graziella Scandurra, Emanuele Cardillo, Carmine Ciofi and Luigi Ferro
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(15), 7559; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12157559 - 27 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1656
Abstract
Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) pasteurized milk is the most diffused variety of milk in Europe. In this paper, a method is presented, employing Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy to characterize the different commercial milks commonly available in grocery stores and supermarkets. The curves of the measured [...] Read more.
Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) pasteurized milk is the most diffused variety of milk in Europe. In this paper, a method is presented, employing Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy to characterize the different commercial milks commonly available in grocery stores and supermarkets. The curves of the measured admittance allow for the classification of the type of milk (whole, semi-skimmed, fat-free) and to distinguish lactose-free milk. An electrical circuit model has been derived and different values of circuit parameters add interesting information on the classification of the samples. Furthermore, the characterization allows for the identification of the degradation of the milk before it is visible to the eye, thus highlighting the difference between storage in the fridge and at room temperature, and identifying expired milk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women)
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10 pages, 1866 KiB  
Article
Prediction of Kick Count in Triathletes during Freestyle Swimming Session Using Inertial Sensor Technology
by Valentina Bianchi, Luca Ambrosini, Valentina Presta, Giuliana Gobbi and Ilaria De Munari
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6313; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136313 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1285
Abstract
Monitoring sports training performances with automatic, low cost, low power, and ergonomic solutions is a topic of increasing importance in the research of the last years. A parameter of particular interest, which has not been extensively dealt with in a state-of-the-art way, is [...] Read more.
Monitoring sports training performances with automatic, low cost, low power, and ergonomic solutions is a topic of increasing importance in the research of the last years. A parameter of particular interest, which has not been extensively dealt with in a state-of-the-art way, is the count of kicks during swimming training sessions. Coaches and athletes set the training sessions to optimize the kick count and swim stroke rate to acquire velocity and acceleration during swimming. In regard to race distances, counting kicks can influence the athlete’s performance. However, it is difficult to record the kick count without facing some issues about subjective interpretation. In this paper, a new method for kick count is proposed, based on only one triaxial accelerometer worn on the athlete’s ankle. The algorithm was validated on data recorded during freestyle training sessions. An accuracy of 97.5% with a sensitivity of 99.3% was achieved. The proposed method shows good linearity and a slope of 1.01. These results overcome other state-of-the-art methods, proving that this method is a good candidate for a reliable, embedded kick count. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women)
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8 pages, 1934 KiB  
Article
Dual-Conversion Microwave Down Converter for Nanosatellite Electronic Warfare Systems
by Emanuele Cardillo, Renato Cananzi, Paolo Vita and Alina Caddemi
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1524; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031524 - 30 Jan 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2495
Abstract
In this work, a microwave down converter is proposed for nanosatellite electronic warfare applications. It provides high spurious suppression by exploiting a dual-conversion architecture and premium performance in terms of noise figure and linear dynamic range. The system design takes advantage of commercial [...] Read more.
In this work, a microwave down converter is proposed for nanosatellite electronic warfare applications. It provides high spurious suppression by exploiting a dual-conversion architecture and premium performance in terms of noise figure and linear dynamic range. The system design takes advantage of commercial off-the-shelf components, thus allowing for both fast and cost-effective prototyping, which are key requirements particularly concerning CubeSat systems. Since different military, commercial, radar and communication systems operate in the 2–18 GHz frequency band, the capability to integrate such kinds of receivers in CubeSats represents the new frontier of the electronic warfare systems. Moreover, due to the wide operating bandwidth, it can be successfully exploited as the receiver for different applications, e.g., satellite communication, radars, etc. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women)
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Review

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27 pages, 19957 KiB  
Review
A Technical Survey on Delay Defects in Nanoscale Digital VLSI Circuits
by Prathiba Muthukrishnan and Sivanantham Sathasivam
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(18), 9103; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12189103 - 10 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1822
Abstract
As technology scales down, digital VLSI circuits are prone to many manufacturing defects. These defects may result in functional and delay-related circuit failures. The number of test escapes grows when technology is downscaled. Small delay defects (SDDs) and hidden delay defects (HDDs) are [...] Read more.
As technology scales down, digital VLSI circuits are prone to many manufacturing defects. These defects may result in functional and delay-related circuit failures. The number of test escapes grows when technology is downscaled. Small delay defects (SDDs) and hidden delay defects (HDDs) are of critical importance in industries today since they are the source of most test escapes and reliability problems. Improving test quality and creating new test methods, algorithms, and test designs requires a comprehensive study of these delay defects. This article reviews the effect and impact of SDD and HDD in logic circuits. It also analyzes the relevant fault models, automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) methods, faster-than-at-speed testing (FAST), cell-aware (CA) based delay tests, test quality metrics, diagnosis of SDDs and HDDs, and commercially available Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools. Based on the analysis, the benefits and drawbacks of several accessible approaches are addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Electronics: The Perspective of Women)
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