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New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in...
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New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Acoustics and Vibrations".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 19849

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Lacidogna

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Guest Editor
Department of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
Interests: nondestructive testing (NDT); acoustic emission; electromagnetic emission; critical phenomena in structural mechanics; critical phenomena in geophysics; fracture mechanics; static and dynamic analysis of high-rise buildings
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Sanichiro Yoshida

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeastern Louisiana University, SLU 10878, Hammond, LA 70402, USA
Interests: deformation theory; optical techniques for material characterization; acoustical techniques for material characterization; dynamics; field theories
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Guang-Liang Feng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
Interests: rock mechanics test; acoustic emission; rockburst monitoring; in-situ testing of geotechnical engineering; risk assessment of geological hazards; microseismic monitoring; microseismic signal analysis and source location; failure mechanics of rockmass; rockburst hazard monitoring, warning and mitigation; risk assessment of major geological hazards; stability analysis, warning and control of geotechnical engineering, emergency management and sustainable development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Acoustic emission (AE) and microseismic (MS) monitoring technologies have been successfully applied to material performance analysis, material detection, building and rockmass structure stability, and early warning in civil engineering. They have played an important role in safety operation of road engineering, bridge and railway engineering, tunnel and underground, water conservancy, and mining engineering. Further applications concern concrete pavement life prediction, health monitoring of towers, mine rockburst monitoring, rock slope stability analysis, hydraulic fracturing monitoring and evaluation, safety monitoring of hydroelectric dam, etc.

In recent years, AE and MS monitoring technologies have been used more and more widely in civil engineering, and their application environment has become more and more complex. The installation and arrangement of AE and MS monitoring systems, monitoring signal analysis, processing and data interpretation technology seriously determine the success or failure and quality of the application of AE and MS technology in civil engineering. Many challenges have arisen and meaningful developments have been made in recent decades. However, several important issues still remain, and more improvements can be made on the application of AE and MS monitoring technologies. Thus, we would like to propose this Special Issue focused on but not limited to the abovementioned themes.

We encourage submissions to this issue that focus on the New Advances in Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering. Original research articles and review articles in health and stability monitoring of civil engineering are especially welcomed.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Installation and arrangement of AE/MS sensors;
  • Analysis of AE/MS signals;
  • AE/MS source location;
  • Novel algorithms for data analysis for AE and MS signals;
  • Focal mechanism of fracture based on AE/MS signals;
  • Health and stability monitoring of civil engineering;
  • AE/MS activity characteristics in disaster development process of civil engineering;
  • Building and rockmass stability analysis and warning based on AE/MS information;
  • Application of AE/MS monitoring technology in new area of civil engineering.

Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Lacidogna
Prof. Dr. Sanichiro Yoshida
Prof. Dr. Guang-Liang Feng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Acoustic emission
  • Microseismic monitoring
  • Signal
  • Source location
  • Microseismicity
  • Health monitoring
  • Stability warning
  • Case study

Published Papers (8 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 159 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue on New Advances in Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering
by Guang-Liang Feng, Sanichiro Yoshida and Giuseppe Lacidogna
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(2), 969; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13020969 - 11 Jan 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 1310
Abstract
Acoustic emission (AE) and microseismic (MS) monitoring technologies have been successfully applied to material performance analysis, material detection, building and rockmass structure stability, and for early warnings in civil engineering [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

14 pages, 5051 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Properties of Historic Masonry Stones Obtained by In Situ Non-Destructive Tests on the St. Agostino Church in Amatrice (Italy)
by Alessandro Grazzini and Giuseppe Lacidogna
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(14), 6352; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146352 - 09 Jul 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2130
Abstract
The design of strengthening and securing work for historic buildings requires knowledge of the masonry mechanical characteristics, often obtainable through laboratory tests that require invasive samples. The non-destructive techniques, applicable in situ in a rapid and non-invasive way, represent a valid alternative to [...] Read more.
The design of strengthening and securing work for historic buildings requires knowledge of the masonry mechanical characteristics, often obtainable through laboratory tests that require invasive samples. The non-destructive techniques, applicable in situ in a rapid and non-invasive way, represent a valid alternative to estimate mechanical strengths without destructive sampling. In this study, a methodology was calibrated which, by combining the results of the ultrasonic and impact tests, makes it possible to reach a good estimate of the compression strength and elastic modulus of a particular rock: sandstone. Most buildings in Amatrice, the city devastated by the violent earthquake of Central Italy in 2016, were built by means of this sedimentary rock. By carrying out a diagnostic campaign on the remaining walls of the St. Agostino church in Amatrice, it was possible to obtain a correlation, specific for this case study, between the compression strengths from laboratory tests and the results of the ultrasonic and impact tests. Unlike the traditional Sonreb methods, this methodology wanted to favor the use of the impact method instead of the sclerometrer test. In this way, it will be possible to operate on other damaged buildings of similar construction types located in the seismic crater of Amatrice, evaluating the mechanical characteristics of the masonry structures be means of in situ non-destructive tests in order to design the safety and strengthening work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)
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19 pages, 6081 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Risk Assessment for Deep Tunnel Failure Based on Normal Cloud Model: A Case Study at the ASHELE Copper Mine, China
by Jianpo Liu, Hongxu Shi, Ren Wang, Yingtao Si, Dengcheng Wei and Yongxin Wang
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 5208; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115208 - 04 Jun 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2454
Abstract
The spatial and temporal distribution of tunnel failure is very complex due to geologic heterogeneity and variability in both mining processes and tunnel arrangement in deep metal mines. In this paper, the quantitative risk assessment for deep tunnel failure was performed using a [...] Read more.
The spatial and temporal distribution of tunnel failure is very complex due to geologic heterogeneity and variability in both mining processes and tunnel arrangement in deep metal mines. In this paper, the quantitative risk assessment for deep tunnel failure was performed using a normal cloud model at the Ashele copper mine, China. This was completed by considering the evaluation indexes of geological condition, mining process, and microseismic data. A weighted distribution of evaluation indexes was determined by implementation of an entropy weight method to reveal the primary parameters controlling tunnel failure. Additionally, the damage levels of the tunnel were quantitatively assigned by computing the degree of membership that different damage levels had, based on the expectation normalization method. The methods of maximum membership principle, comprehensive evaluation value, and fuzzy entropy were considered to determine the tunnel damage levels and risk of occurrence. The application of this method at the Ashele copper mine demonstrates that it meets the requirement of risk assessment for deep tunnel failure and can provide a basis for large-scale regional tunnel failure control in deep metal mines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)
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15 pages, 4529 KiB  
Article
Reveal of Internal, Early-Load Interfacial Debonding on Cement Textile-Reinforced Sandwich Insulated Panels
by Eleni Tsangouri, Hasan Ismail, Matthias De Munck, Dimitrios G. Aggelis and Tine Tysmans
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(2), 879; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11020879 - 19 Jan 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2739
Abstract
Internal interfacial debonding (IID) phenomena on sandwich façade insulated panels are detected and tracked by acoustic emission (AE). The panels are made of a thin and lightweight cementitious composite skin. In the lab, the panels are tested under incremental bending simulating service loads [...] Read more.
Internal interfacial debonding (IID) phenomena on sandwich façade insulated panels are detected and tracked by acoustic emission (AE). The panels are made of a thin and lightweight cementitious composite skin. In the lab, the panels are tested under incremental bending simulating service loads (i.e., wind). Local (up to 150 mm wide) skin-core detachments are reported in the early loading stage (at 5% of ultimate load) and are extensively investigated in this study, since IID can detrimentally affect the long-term durability of the structural element. A sudden rise in the AE hits rate and a shift in the wave features (i.e., absolute energy, amplitude, rise time) trends indicate the debonding onset. AE source localization, validated by digital image correlation (DIC) principal strains and out-of-plane full-field displacement mapping, proves that early debonding occurs instantly and leads to the onset of cracks in the cementitious skin. At higher load levels, cracking is accompanied by local debonding phenomena, as proven by RA value increases and average frequency drops, a result that extends the state-of-the-art in the fracture assessment of concrete structures (Rilem Technical Committee 212-ACD). Point (LVDT) and full-field (AE/DIC) measurements highlight the need for a continuous and full-field monitoring methodology in order to pinpoint the debonded zones, with the DIC technique accurately reporting surface phenomena while AE offers in-volume damage tracking. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)
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22 pages, 6402 KiB  
Article
High-Accuracy Location of Microseismic Events in a Strong Inhomogeneous Mining Environment by Optimized Global Full Waveform Inversion
by Yi Wang, Xueyi Shang, Zewei Wang and Rui Gao
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7205; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207205 - 15 Oct 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2370
Abstract
High-accuracy determination of a microseismic (MS) location is the core task in MS monitoring. In this study, a 3D multi-scale grid Green’s function database, depending on recording wavefield frequency band for the target mining area, is pre-generated based on the reciprocity theorem and [...] Read more.
High-accuracy determination of a microseismic (MS) location is the core task in MS monitoring. In this study, a 3D multi-scale grid Green’s function database, depending on recording wavefield frequency band for the target mining area, is pre-generated based on the reciprocity theorem and 3D spectral element method (SEM). Then, a multi-scale global grid search strategy is performed based on this pre-stored Green’s function database, which can be effectively and hierarchically processed by searching for the spatial location. Numerical wavefield modeling by SEM effectively overcomes difficulties in traditional and simplified ray tracing modeling, such as difficult wavefield amplitude and multi-path modeling in 3D focusing and defusing velocity regions. In addition, as a key step for broadband waveform simulation, the source-time function estimated from a new data-driven singular value decomposition averaged fractional derivative based wavelet function (DD-SVD-FD wavelet) was proposed to generate high-precision synthetic waveforms for better fitting observed broadband waveform than those by simple and traditional source-time function. Combining these sophisticated processing procedures, a new robust grid search and waveform inversion-based location (GSWI location) approach is integrated. In the synthetic test, we discuss and demonstrate the importance of 3D velocity model accuracy to waveform inversion-based location results for a practical MS monitoring configuration. Furthermore, the average location error of the 3D GSWI location for eight real blasting events is only 15.0 m, which is smaller than error from 3D ray tracing-based location (26.2 m) under the same velocity model. These synthetic and field application investigations prove the crucial role of 3D velocity model, finite-frequency travel-time sensitivity kernel characteristics and accurate numerical 3D broadband wavefield modeling for successful MS location in a strong heterogeneous velocity model that are induced by the presence of ore body, host rocks, complex tunnels, and large excavations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)
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11 pages, 4936 KiB  
Article
Improvement in Accuracy of a Multi-Joint Robotic Ultrasonic Inspection System for the Integrity of Composite Structures
by Jea Seang Lim, Tae Sung Park, Yu Min Choi and Ik Keun Park
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(19), 6967; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10196967 - 05 Oct 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2592
Abstract
Composite materials have attracted significant attention with regard to the manufacturing of structures that require weight reduction, such as automobiles and aircraft, because they are more resistant to corrosion and fatigue than conventional metal materials. However, such materials exhibit a reliability degradation problem, [...] Read more.
Composite materials have attracted significant attention with regard to the manufacturing of structures that require weight reduction, such as automobiles and aircraft, because they are more resistant to corrosion and fatigue than conventional metal materials. However, such materials exhibit a reliability degradation problem, i.e., their mechanical and physical properties deteriorate due to the occurrence of delamination and voids. Ultrasonic inspection methods have been widely applied for nondestructive detection of such defects in structures; however, the application of these approaches has been impeded due to high anisotropy and acoustic attenuation. In addition, the existing ultrasonic inspection methods require considerable time and cost for the inspection of large materials or structures. These problems were addressed in this study by developing an automatic ultrasonic inspection system; this was achieved by adopting a squirter-type water injection device, which uses a multi-joint robot and the through-transmission ultrasonic method. In addition, a software program to correct axis misalignment was developed and verified to solve the deterioration in defect detectability and accuracy that was caused by axis misalignment, which may occur during the use of the developed system. This development was accomplished after measuring the coordinates of the deformed mechanical part using a three-dimensional laser measuring instrument. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)
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15 pages, 3500 KiB  
Article
A Fast Ray-tracing Method for Locating Mining-Induced Seismicity by Considering Underground Voids
by Pingan Peng, Yuanjian Jiang, Liguan Wang, Zhengxiang He and Siyu Tu
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(19), 6763; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10196763 - 27 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1976
Abstract
The accurate localization of mining-induced seismicity is crucial to underground mines. However, the constant velocity model is used by traditional location methods without considering the great difference in wave velocity between rock mass and underground voids. In this paper, to improve the microseismicity [...] Read more.
The accurate localization of mining-induced seismicity is crucial to underground mines. However, the constant velocity model is used by traditional location methods without considering the great difference in wave velocity between rock mass and underground voids. In this paper, to improve the microseismicity location accuracy in mines, we present a fast ray-tracing method to calculate the ray path and travel time from source to receiver considering underground voids. First, we divide the microseismic monitoring area into two categories of mediums—voids and non-voids—using a flexible triangular patch to model the surface model of voids, which can accurately describe any complicated three-dimensional (3D) shape. Second, the nodes are divided into two categories. The first category of the nodes is the vertex of the model, and the second category of the nodes is arranged at a certain step length on each edge of the 3D surface model to improve the accuracy of ray tracing. Finally, the set of adjacent nodes of each node is calculated, and then we obtain the shortest travel time from the source to the receiver based on the Dijkstra algorithm. The performance of the proposed method is tested by numerical simulation. Results show that the proposed method is faster and more accurate than the traditional ray-tracing methods. Besides, the proposed ray-tracing method is applied to the microseismic source localization in the Huangtupo Copper and Zinc Mine. The location accuracy is significantly improved compared with the traditional method using the constant velocity model and the FMM-based location method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)
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15 pages, 6139 KiB  
Article
Microseismic Signal Denoising and Separation Based on Fully Convolutional Encoder–Decoder Network
by Hang Zhang, Chunchi Ma, Veronica Pazzi, Yulin Zou and Nicola Casagli
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(18), 6621; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10186621 - 22 Sep 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3012
Abstract
Denoising methods are a highly desired component of signal processing, and they can separate the signal of interest from noise to improve the subsequent signal analyses. In this paper, an advanced denoising method based on a fully convolutional encoder–decoder neural network is proposed. [...] Read more.
Denoising methods are a highly desired component of signal processing, and they can separate the signal of interest from noise to improve the subsequent signal analyses. In this paper, an advanced denoising method based on a fully convolutional encoder–decoder neural network is proposed. The method simultaneously learns the sparse features in the time–frequency domain, and the mask-related mapping function for signal separation. The results show that the proposed method has an impressive performance on denoising microseismic signals containing various types and intensities of noise. Furthermore, the method works well even when a similar frequency band is shared between the microseismic signals and the noises. The proposed method, compared to the existing methods, significantly improves the signal–noise ratio thanks to minor changes of the microseismic signal (less distortion in the waveform). Additionally, the proposed methods preserve the shape and amplitude characteristics so that it allows better recovery of the real waveform. This method is exceedingly useful for the automatic processing of the microseismic signal. Further, it has excellent potential to be extended to the study of exploration seismology and earthquakes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance of Acoustic Emission and Microseismic Monitoring Technologies in Civil Engineering)
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