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Applied Sciences
Special Issues
New Perspectives in Water Treatment and Soil Remediation
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New Perspectives in Water Treatment and Soil Remediation

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 3558

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chang-Gu Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
Interests: environmental functional materials; water treatment; fiber
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Seong-Jik Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea
Interests: water; soil; sediment; environment; nutrient management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Material science is an interdisciplinary research field, including interrelationships between the composition, structure, process, and performance of various materials, and widely integrated with other disciplines to form many interdisciplinary subjects. Recently, environmental materials as a new field of material science have attracted much attention. The applications of functional environmental materials, both natural and synthetic, is becoming increasingly popular in water purification and soil remediation. In our first two Special Issues [Functional Materials in Water and Wastewater Treatment/Soil Remediation] (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci/special_issues/Wastewater_Soil_Remediation) and [Functional Materials and Advanced Processes in Water Treatment/Soil Remediation] (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci/special_issues/mat_water), we have successfully gathered 10 excellent papers in this field respectively. These 20 papers contributed significantly to solving a variety of environmental problems. Based on the success of these two issues, we have decided to launch the third edition, which will include new perspectives in water treatment and soil remediation.

The research areas of functional environmental materials and advanced processes for water purification and soil remediation are as follows: (1) Adsorption with functional materials, (2) advanced oxidation processes with catalytic oxidation materials, (3) advanced equipment for water and soil remediation, and (4) soil and sediment remediation using stabilizing agents. These materials include natural clay minerals with and/or without treatment, synthetic materials such as activated carbon, ferric hydroxide, activated alumina, biochars, photocatalysts, synthetic fiber mats, and their composites. The advanced process either includes such functional materials or not. In this Special Issue, we invite you to submit manuscripts on various functional environmental materials and advanced processes for water/wastewater treatment and soil remediation.

Dr. Chang-Gu Lee
Prof. Dr. Seong-Jik Park
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water treatment
  • soil
  • process
  • adsorption
  • stabilization
  • membrane
  • ion exchange

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2421 KiB  
Article
A Comparative Study on Bioleaching Properties of Various Sulfide Minerals Using Acidiphilium cryptum
by Kang-Hee Cho, Hyun-Soo Kim, Chang-Gu Lee, Seong-Jik Park and Nag-Choul Choi
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 5997; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105997 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 997
Abstract
Bioleaching has been regarded as a green alternative to chemical leaching in metal extraction processes. In this study, the bioleaching properties of indigenous acidophilic bacteria for various sulfide minerals were compared and evaluated in terms of pH reduction and metal leaching. The primary [...] Read more.
Bioleaching has been regarded as a green alternative to chemical leaching in metal extraction processes. In this study, the bioleaching properties of indigenous acidophilic bacteria for various sulfide minerals were compared and evaluated in terms of pH reduction and metal leaching. The primary minerals in the samples were sphalerite (ZnS) (SP), galena (PbS) (GN1 and GN2), pyrite (FeS2) (PY), and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) (CCP), and an indigenous acidophilic bacterium, Acidiphilium cryptum (99.56%), was applied for bioleaching experiments. The metal extraction in bioleaching differed according to the mineral content. The leached metal concentration of Zn was higher than that of Pb for the SP sample with a high ZnS content, whereas the concentration of Pb was higher than that of Zn for the GN1 and GN2 samples with a high PbS content. Meanwhile, the leaching rate of Zn was faster than that of Pb for all samples. Corrosion action was observed on the surface of bacterial residues in SP and GN1 samples. These results show that the bioleaching mechanism based on sulfide minerals proceeds through indirect biological oxidation, chemical oxidation, and direct bacterial oxidation. The results of this study can provide basic research data for process optimization when employing bioleaching to extract valuable metals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives in Water Treatment and Soil Remediation)
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19 pages, 2838 KiB  
Article
A Mathematical Model for Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soils
by Gilberto Martins, Sara Campos, Ana Ferreira, Rita Castro, Maria Salomé Duarte and Ana J. Cavaleiro
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(21), 11069; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122111069 - 01 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2176
Abstract
Bioremediation of hydrocarbons in soil is a highly complex process, involving a multiplicity of physical, chemical and biological phenomena. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to control and boost the bioremediation of these systems after an oil spill. A mathematical model was developed to [...] Read more.
Bioremediation of hydrocarbons in soil is a highly complex process, involving a multiplicity of physical, chemical and biological phenomena. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to control and boost the bioremediation of these systems after an oil spill. A mathematical model was developed to assist in the prediction and decision-making regarding the in situ bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. The model considered the most relevant processes involved in the mass transfer and biodegradation of alkanes over time and along the depth of a flooded soil column. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were chosen since they are less water soluble than aromatics and account for 50–90% of the hydrocarbon fraction in several petroleum products. The effect of adding oxygen, nitrate, iron (III) or sulfate as electron acceptors was then simulated (bioremediation scenarios). Additionally, and to feed the model, batch assays were performed to obtain experimental data on hydrocarbon adsorption to soil particles (more than 60% of hydrocarbons tends to be adsorbed to soil particles), as well as hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in the presence of nitrate (0.114 d−1) and oxygen (0.587 d−1). The model indicates that saturated hydrocarbon removal occurs mainly with adsorption/desorption and transport processes in the upper layers of soil due to methanogenic biodegradation in deeper layers, since the other microbial processes are soon limited by the lack of electron acceptors. Simulation results show that higher initial electron acceptor concentrations led to higher hydrocarbon removal, confirming that the model is performing in accordance with the expected. Close to the surface (at 0.1 m depth), all scenarios predicted more than 83% hydrocarbon removal after two years of simulation. Soil re-aeration results in faster hydrocarbon removal (more than 20% after one year) and surfactants addition (around 15% after one year) may also accelerate soil bioremediation. With this model, the simultaneous contributions of the various physicochemical and biological processes are integrated, facilitating the simulation and comparison of different bioremediation scenarios. Therefore, it represents a useful support tool for the management of contaminated sites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives in Water Treatment and Soil Remediation)
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