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Applied Sciences
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Applied Optics and Vision Science
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Applied Optics and Vision Science

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 5191

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vasudevan (Vengu) Lakshminarayanan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Theoretical and Experimental Epistemology Laboratory, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2J 4A8, Canada
Interests: vision science; physics; ECE and systems design engineering; optics and photonics; including mathematical methods; waveguides and fiber optics; image processing; biomedical optics; deep learning/machine learning in ophthalmic diagnosis
Dr. Brian Vohnsen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Optical Imaging Group, School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin D04, Ireland
Interests: nano-optics; biophotonics; imaging; microscopy; ophthalmology; adaptive optics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Applied Optics and Vision Science is vital for diagnostics and for vision. Vision Science is found in range of imaging applications from microscopy to ophthalmology and in the sensing and control of materials. For this Special Issue, we are soliciting contributions on applied optics that highlight the wide spectrum of optics used for imaging and sensing, as well as for the psychophysics of vision. Understanding the optics of the eye is central to developing better ophthalmic solutions to combat vision loss and to develop novel 3D imaging systems from virtual reality headsets to holographic displays. Likewise, sensing aberrations and quantifying refractive errors are both vital for ophthalmics, for vision and for diagnostics. This is particularly the case for myopia, which is increasing globally with increased risk for irreverible vision loss. Separately, optics is vital for novel solar cells and green energy, for optical communications and for the sensing of environmental factors.

Prof. Dr. Vasudevan (Vengu) Lakshminarayanan
Dr. Brian Vohnsen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • accommodation
  • myopia
  • vision
  • photoreceptors
  • aberrations
  • ocular imaging
  • refractive error
  • ocular sensing
  • eye tracking
  • virtual reality
  • optical coherence tomography
  • scanning laser ophthalmoscopy
  • adaptive optics
  • physiological optics

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2737 KiB  
Article
Influence of Instrumental Factors in the Measurement of Power Profiles of Intraocular Lenses with a Commercial Deflectometer
by José Antonio Gómez-Pedrero, César Albarrán-Diego, María García-Montero, Nuria Garzón and Veronica Gonzalez-Fernandez
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9882; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179882 - 31 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 886
Abstract
Deflectometry is an optical technique for determining properties such as power distribution, wavefront, etc., and measurement of the optical properties of an intraocular lens can provide relevant information for clinicians. The aim of the current study was to establish a protocol for measuring [...] Read more.
Deflectometry is an optical technique for determining properties such as power distribution, wavefront, etc., and measurement of the optical properties of an intraocular lens can provide relevant information for clinicians. The aim of the current study was to establish a protocol for measuring lens power maps and profiles of various optical designs of intraocular lenses with a deflectometer based on the phase-shifting Schlieren principle (NIMO TR1504, Lambda-X, Nivelles, Belgium). The results are discussed with respect to accuracy and repeatability, the influence of the use of filters, and whether to consider the intraocular lens as a thin or thick lens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Optics and Vision Science)
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14 pages, 5113 KiB  
Article
Initial Structure Design and Optimization of an Automotive Remote Head-Up Display
by Yu Ye, Huaixin Chen and Zhixi Wang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9649; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179649 - 25 Aug 2023
Viewed by 714
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of difficult construction and occlusion of the initial structure of an automotive augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD), a method to quickly build the initial structure of an automotive AR-HUD is proposed. Firstly, the position of the mirrors in the [...] Read more.
Aiming at the problems of difficult construction and occlusion of the initial structure of an automotive augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD), a method to quickly build the initial structure of an automotive AR-HUD is proposed. Firstly, the position of the mirrors in the initial structure is calculated based on the Rodrigues rotation formula. Secondly, the position of the mirrors is restricted by constraints during optimization to prevent the problem of structural occlusion. Finally, a virtual image display system with a visual distance of 7.5 m and a field of view angle of 10° × 5° is designed. The image quality analysis of the optimized system shows that the light spots in each field of view are all within Airy spots. At the spatial cutoff frequency of the virtual image plane of the optical system, the modulation transfer function (MTF) value of the full field of view is basically greater than 0.5, and the distortion is less than 1%. Finally, using the image for simulation, the results of the simulation image are satisfying, which proves the validity and feasibility of the structural design. It provides a useful reference for the structural design of the remote head-up display system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Optics and Vision Science)
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12 pages, 3207 KiB  
Article
Development of a New Eye Movement Measurement Device Using Eye-Tracking Analysis Technology
by Shunya Tatara, Haruo Toda, Fumiatsu Maeda and Tomoya Handa
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 5968; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105968 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1727
Abstract
Smooth pursuit eye movements and saccadic eye movements are vital for precise vision. Therefore, tests for eye movement are important for assessing nervous or muscular diseases. However, objective measurements are not frequently performed due to the need for a polygraph system, electrodes, amplifier, [...] Read more.
Smooth pursuit eye movements and saccadic eye movements are vital for precise vision. Therefore, tests for eye movement are important for assessing nervous or muscular diseases. However, objective measurements are not frequently performed due to the need for a polygraph system, electrodes, amplifier, and personal computer for data analysis. To address this, we developed an all-in-one eye-movement-measuring device that simultaneously presents visual stimuli, records eye positions, and examines its feasibility for evaluating eye movements. This device generates stimulus that induces eye movements and records those movements continuously. The horizontal or vertical eye movements of 16 participants were measured at various visual target speeds of 20–100 deg/s. The maximum cross-correlation coefficient (rho max) between the eye and visual target positions was used as an index of eye movement accuracy. A repeated-measures multi-way analysis of variance was performed, with the main effect being that rho max significantly decreased as the visual target speed increased. The average (±standard deviation) rho max values across all velocities were 0.995 ± 0.008 and 0.967 ± 0.062 in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, and were significantly higher for horizontal eye movements than for vertical eye movements. Moreover, rho max and saccadic frequency were significantly correlated for the slowest and fastest visual target motions. These suggest that our device enables accurate measurements of eye movements. We believe our new measurement device can be applied clinically for easily and objectively evaluating eye movements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Optics and Vision Science)
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10 pages, 2326 KiB  
Article
Flexible-Imaging-Fiber-Guided Intratracheal Intubation in Rodents
by Sang Hoon Jeong, Cherry Kim, Hong Lee, Yoon Jeong Nam, Chil hwan Oh, Yong-Wook Baek, Jungyun Lim, Ju-Han Lee and Jaeyoung Kim
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(7), 4253; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13074253 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1243
Abstract
Although experiments on intratracheal intubation for animals are essential for research, it remains challenging. This study aimed to validate an animal model using a flexible imaging guide system that can be conveniently and safely used as a new method to provide easy access [...] Read more.
Although experiments on intratracheal intubation for animals are essential for research, it remains challenging. This study aimed to validate an animal model using a flexible imaging guide system that can be conveniently and safely used as a new method to provide easy access to organs in small animals. PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) and PHMG (Polyhexamethylene guanidine) were administered by intratracheal intubation to 20 rodents (10 mice and 10 rats), and the changes in the lungs were observed. Results were verified using lung tissue histopathologic staining through the intratracheally administered material, which confirmed that 100% of changes in lung tissue occurred in the PHMG-injected group, where intubation was facilitated using the flexible imaging guide. The drug was conveniently and safely administered. The flexible-imaging-fiber-guide-based intratracheal drug injectable system may be conveniently used by researchers. It allows drugs to be administered quantitatively, suggesting its potential wide use in drug development and toxicity evaluation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Optics and Vision Science)
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