Recent Advances in Optical Coordinate Measuring Systems

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 3429

Special Issue Editors

Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-864 Krakow, Poland
Interests: coordinate metrology (in scales ranging from nanometers to large volume objects); in-process metrology; coordinate measuring systems (including portable measuring systems and computed tomography systems); measurement accuracy; simulation and numerical methods in metrology (especially the Monte Carlo method); methods for identifying and correcting geometric errors of machines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864 Krakow/Cracow, Poland
Interests: coordinate measuring technique; contact and contactless measurements; simulation and modeling of measuring systems, especially those with open kinematic chain; coordinate metrology in medicine and bioengineering; in-process/in-line metrology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
Interests: mechanical engineering; coordinate metrology and its applications in production engineering; micro- and nanodimensional metrology; calibration methods for coordinate systems; fringe optics systems and photogrammetry; metrological aspects of reverse engineering; metrology in industrial design and Industry 4.0; quality engineering and quality management systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coordinate measuring systems offer high accuracy, automation of measurements and universality, which translates into shortening of the measurement time, which is one of the most sought-after aspects of measurements in the Industry 4.0 era. Five years ago, a contact coordinate measuring machine might still have been regarded as the most common and most accurate tool involved in the coordinate technique (it allows one to obtain accuracy of up to 0.1 μm). It is still hard to reach this accuracy using contactless, optical systems, but they display other important advantages, mainly the mentioned shortening of the measurement time and the possibility of obtaining information-rich measurement results. The trend observed in recent years clearly indicates that systems of this type, additionally operating in connection with automation systems and devices such as industrial robots, will become one of the most popular tools for quality assessment in advanced production processes in the future.

We invite contributions to this Special Issue on topics including, but not limited to, the following areas:

  • Optical coordinate measuring machines
  • Multi-sensor coordinate measuring machines
  • Optical metrology in manufacturing
  • CCD/CMOS sensors
  • Laser triangulation sensors
  • Structured light sensors
  • Vision-based measurement systems
  • Fringe optics
  • Optical metrology systems integrated in manufacturing tools and lines
  • Optical solutions for in-process control
  • Optical in situ measurements
  • In-line optical inspection systems
  • Automation of optical measuring systems.
  • Portable optical measuring systems
  • Optical metrology systems in Industry 4.0
  • Traceability of optical metrology systems
  • Calibration and verification
  • Uncertainty estimation
  • Identification and correction of error sources
  • System accuracy modeling

Prof. Dr. Adam Gąska
Prof. Dr. Ksenia Ostrowska
Prof. Dr. Jerzy A. Sładek
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical CMM
  • optical metrology
  • coordinate metrology
  • Industry 4.0
  • accuracy improvements
  • CCD/CMOS sensors
  • confocal sensor laser triangulation sensor
  • structured light sensor
  • white light sensor
  • video probe
  • digital image processing
  • multi-sensor
  • CMM measurement uncertainty

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 5859 KiB  
Article
Multi-Axis Laser Interferometer Not Affected by Installation Errors Based on Nonlinear Computation
by Tingrui Wen, Jinchun Hu, Yu Zhu and Guojie Hua
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(19), 10887; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910887 - 30 Sep 2023
Viewed by 626
Abstract
Most multi-axis laser interferometers require accurate installation of the lasers and detectors since the position and orientation installation errors of lasers and detectors bring measurement error to the interferometer. In this paper, the multi-axis interferometer based on nonlinear computation is proposed, which avoids [...] Read more.
Most multi-axis laser interferometers require accurate installation of the lasers and detectors since the position and orientation installation errors of lasers and detectors bring measurement error to the interferometer. In this paper, the multi-axis interferometer based on nonlinear computation is proposed, which avoids the measurement error caused by installation errors by taking the laser position and orientation as unknowns into the measurement model and discussing the solution component uniqueness of a nonlinear equation system. The simulation results show that even when the installation errors are close to 1 μm and 1 μrad, the proposed interferometer can still measure the multi-degree-of-freedom displacement accurately, and the root mean standard error (RMSE) of displacement is 1.884 nm and 5.871 × 10−7 mrad under a reading noise level of 0.1 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Optical Coordinate Measuring Systems)
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19 pages, 11356 KiB  
Article
Research on a Super-Sub-Arc Bivariate Relative Angle Thermal Deformation Testing Method without Pitch Angle Limitation
by Yang Liu, Yaoke Xue, Hu Wang, Yue Pan, Shangmin Lin, Shuifu Ye and Jie Liu
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9725; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179725 - 28 Aug 2023
Viewed by 630
Abstract
In light of the current situation where no testing equipment is available for measuring thermal deformation of objects, this paper proposes a novel method for accurate and precise measurement. The method overcomes the limitations of previous approaches that relied on pitch angle. By [...] Read more.
In light of the current situation where no testing equipment is available for measuring thermal deformation of objects, this paper proposes a novel method for accurate and precise measurement. The method overcomes the limitations of previous approaches that relied on pitch angle. By utilizing the principle of biplane multiple reflections, a bivariate laser spot displacement analysis algorithm is devised to attain highly precise measurements of bivariate angles. Additionally, a temperature gradient comparison algorithm is introduced to calculate the indicator test results under specific temperature conditions. To validate the effectiveness and reliability of this method, a testing system is constructed and utilized. The results demonstrate that the thermal deformation angle change test achieves an impressive accuracy of 0.015″ and a rate of thermal deformation angle change of 0.3247″/°C. These values are in close agreement with the previously simulated analysis result of 0.359″/°C, with only a relative error of 9.55%. Therefore, the test results confirm the efficacy and reliability of this testing method along with the feasibility of the algorithm processing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Optical Coordinate Measuring Systems)
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16 pages, 5796 KiB  
Article
Optimization Method of Square Hole Measurement Based on Generalized Point Photogrammetry
by Chengli Zhao, Chenyang Fan and Zhangyan Zhao
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 6320; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13106320 - 22 May 2023
Viewed by 705
Abstract
The theory of generalized point photogrammetry extends the traditional point-based photogrammetry to line-based photogrammetry, expanding the application scope of photogrammetry in engineering. In order to solve the problem of accurate positioning between the square rod and the square hole in the current project, [...] Read more.
The theory of generalized point photogrammetry extends the traditional point-based photogrammetry to line-based photogrammetry, expanding the application scope of photogrammetry in engineering. In order to solve the problem of accurate positioning between the square rod and the square hole in the current project, the position of the square hole should be accurately measured first. For this purpose, an optimization method of square hole measurement based on generalized point photogrammetry is proposed. This method first uses the traditional photogrammetric method to calculate the initial coordinates of the four points of the square hole and extract the four line segments on the image. The error equation based on generalized photogrammetry is constructed by the constraint conditions between the four spatial points, and the iterative calculation is carried out until the error is less than the threshold or the iteration number is reached. The reliability of the method is verified by numerical simulation experiments and engineering experiments. The experimental results show that the method can effectively improve the measurement accuracy and can rapidly converge. The method has high engineering application value. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Optical Coordinate Measuring Systems)
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17 pages, 6851 KiB  
Article
The Importance of Differences in Results Obtained from Measurements with Various Measuring Systems and Measuring Modes in Industrial Practice
by Wiesław Zaborowski, Wiktor Harmatys and Adam Gąska
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 12412; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122312412 - 04 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1029
Abstract
This paper presents the results of preliminary tests carried out in an organization producing products for the automotive industry. From the many available systems used in this research, different values of results were obtained; these differences cause doubts among people deciding about the [...] Read more.
This paper presents the results of preliminary tests carried out in an organization producing products for the automotive industry. From the many available systems used in this research, different values of results were obtained; these differences cause doubts among people deciding about the process approval and start of production. The main aim of the research presented in the article is to determine the influence of various factors on the measurement results, especially to compare the results of measurements obtained with the optical sensor, which is used during measurements with the use of a multisensor measuring machine. The results obtained with the use of the height gauge, which is used alternatively in the organization, raise further doubts. Experience has shown that the methodology and definition of the alignment during the measurement, which is different for each of the systems, have a great influence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Optical Coordinate Measuring Systems)
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