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Applied Sciences
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Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Waste Management and Recycling
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Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Waste Management and Recycling

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 5940

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Apostolos Giannis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece
Interests: solid waste management; waste valorization; resource recovery; circular economy; zero waste; waste-to-energy; waste-to-materials; landfilling; thermal processing
Dr. Rafael López Núñez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRNAS-CSIC, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Seville, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
Interests: compost; composting; municipal solid waste; odors monitoring and control; biochar; soil organic matter; heavy metals; urban agriculture; nitrogen; mineralization; XRF; agricultural sciences; nutrient dynamics; organic waste recycling; soil science; soil fertility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce this Collection titled “Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Waste Management and Recycling”. Waste management starts with the 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) sequence concept. Implementing appropriate waste management is a top priority in building a sustainable society. Sustainability is impossible without circular waste management practices. This Collection Series presents recent advances in the recovery and recycling of solid waste. New concepts to close the waste loop and application of materials have been proposed, but issues regarding low recovery efficiency, high recycling cost, and limited applicability should still be addressed.

The topics of this Collection Series include but are not limited to the following:

  • Waste recycling
  • Resource recovery
  • Novel technologies in waste treatment
  • Advanced thermochemical processing
  • Innovations in biological conversion
  • Environmental impact assessment of waste management

This Collection Series aims to publish a collection of research contributions illustrating recent achievements in all aspects of the development, study, and understanding of waste management and recycling. We hope to establish a collection of papers that will be of interest to scholars in the field. Contributions in the form of full papers, reviews, and communications about related topics are very welcome.

Dr. Apostolos Giannis
Dr. Rafael López Núñez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • waste management
  • recycling and reuse
  • waste-to-energy
  • waste processing technologies
  • e-waste management
  • circular economy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1786 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Long-Term Leaching Behavior of Incineration Bottom Ash: A Study of Two Waste Incinerators in Germany
by Franz-Georg Simon and Philipp Scholz
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(24), 13228; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132413228 - 13 Dec 2023
Viewed by 771
Abstract
The long-term leaching behavior of incineration bottom ash (IBA) was studied with large-scale samples from two German waste incinerators with grate technology. The observation period was up to 281 days. The aging processes proceeded faster in the outdoor storage of the samples. The [...] Read more.
The long-term leaching behavior of incineration bottom ash (IBA) was studied with large-scale samples from two German waste incinerators with grate technology. The observation period was up to 281 days. The aging processes proceeded faster in the outdoor storage of the samples. The dominant factor in the leaching behavior is the pH, which starts at values above 12 and decreases to values below 10 (outdoors, <11 indoors). Most heavy metals exhibit minimum solubility in this pH range. The solubility of Sb depends on the prevailing Ca concentration, due to the formation of low-soluble Ca antimonate. The very low sulfate concentrations observed in the leaching tests with fresh IBA could be explained by the presence of ettringite. In the course of the aging reaction, ettringite is transformed into gypsum. The results from batch tests were compared with those from column tests, showing reasonable agreement. Leaching dynamics can be better followed with column tests. All results confirm that the use of IBA is possible under German law. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Waste Management and Recycling)
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14 pages, 2137 KiB  
Article
Hydrothermal Leaching of Silver and Aluminum from Waste Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline Photovoltaic Panels
by Eleni Kastanaki, Emmanouel Lagoudakis, Georgios Kalogerakis and Apostolos Giannis
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 3602; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063602 - 11 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1818
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the hydrothermal leaching of silver and aluminum from waste monocrystalline silicon (m-Si) and polycrystalline silicon (p-Si) photovoltaic panels (PV) from both cells and metal ribbons using mild HNO3 solutions. Prior to leaching, pretreatment was [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the hydrothermal leaching of silver and aluminum from waste monocrystalline silicon (m-Si) and polycrystalline silicon (p-Si) photovoltaic panels (PV) from both cells and metal ribbons using mild HNO3 solutions. Prior to leaching, pretreatment was applied to remove the fluoropolymer backsheet and thermally degrade the ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer. Several hydrothermal parameters were investigated, such as the liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio, HNO3 concentration (N), time (t) and temperature (T). Based on preliminary tests, the HNO3 concentration was set in the range of 1–2 N to reduce hazardous waste effluents. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the hydrothermal leaching parameters. It was found that processing time was the most important factor for Ag leaching, followed by HNO3 concentration and L/S ratio, while the processing temperature (100–140 °C) was not a statistically significant factor. Aluminum leaching was efficient under most hydrothermal conditions. For comparison, leaching was also applied at lower temperatures of 25–45 °C for prolonged times; however, lower efficiencies were observed. Under the optimal hydrothermal conditions, Ag can be completely leached, while Al dissolution was favored at hydrothermal conditions compared with lower temperature leaching. Silver leaching efficiency was 100% under hydrothermal conditions; however, under conventional lower temperature conditions, it was 80.7–85.3% for m-Si and p-Si waste panels. Under conventional lower temperature conditions, Al leaching efficiency was 56.6–61.3% for p-Si and m-Si waste panels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Waste Management and Recycling)
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18 pages, 3527 KiB  
Article
Chemical-Physical Model of Gaseous Mercury Emissions from the Demolition Waste of an Abandoned Mercury Metallurgical Plant
by Rafael Rodríguez, Begoña Fernández, Beatriz Malagón and Efrén Garcia-Ordiales
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(5), 3149; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13053149 - 28 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1040
Abstract
Soils from decommissioned Hg mine sites usually exhibit high levels of total mercury concentration. This work examines the behavior of mercury in the atmosphere on samples of contaminated debris of a demolished metallurgical plant present in La Soterraña mine, Asturias (Spain). Previously, a [...] Read more.
Soils from decommissioned Hg mine sites usually exhibit high levels of total mercury concentration. This work examines the behavior of mercury in the atmosphere on samples of contaminated debris of a demolished metallurgical plant present in La Soterraña mine, Asturias (Spain). Previously, a strong dependence of the Hg gas concentration Cmax (ng/m3) with the temperature T (K) was determined empirically. Hg gas concentration varied between 6500 ng/m3 at low temperatures, 278 K (5 °C), and up to almost 60,000 ng/m3 when the temperature reaches 303 K (30 °C). Then, two different models were proposed to explain the behavior of the mercury emitted from this source. The first model is based on Arrhenius theory. The gas flux per unit area perpendicular to the flow F (g/sm2) is an exponential function of the apparent activation energy Ea (J/mol): F = cf exp(-Ea/RT). The values of cf = 1.04·107 and Ea = 48.56 kJ/mol allows the model to fit well with the field measurements. The second model is based on Fick’s laws, and the flux F (g/sm2) can be estimated by F = (K′ MHg pv)/RT where K′ = 8.49·10−7, MHg = 200.56 g/mol and the partial vapor pressure of gaseous mercury pv (Pa) can be estimated from the saturation vapor pressure of gaseous mercury pv = 0.00196·ps and the August’s law log(ps) = 10.184–3210.29/T. This method is also validated with results measured in situ. Both methods are accurate enough to explain and predict emission rate G (g/s), gas flux F (g/sm2) and maximum Hg gas concentration over the debris Cmax (ng/m3) as a function the temperature T (K). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Waste Management and Recycling)
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13 pages, 8708 KiB  
Article
The Importance of Prevention When Working with Hazardous Materials in the Case of Serpentinite and Asbestos When Cleaning Monuments for Restoration
by Dolores Pereira, Ana Jesús López, Alberto Ramil and Andrea Bloise
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010043 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1322
Abstract
Health risks are often overlooked when the consequences are not evident in the short term. In restoration work, some activities can generate particles that may affect the health of workers through inhalation (e.g., cleaning of buildings or heritage artifacts composed of stone). Workers [...] Read more.
Health risks are often overlooked when the consequences are not evident in the short term. In restoration work, some activities can generate particles that may affect the health of workers through inhalation (e.g., cleaning of buildings or heritage artifacts composed of stone). Workers at quarries are also exposed to such materials and, therefore, the results of our work can help to increase the risk perception in workers from the stone sector, but also in construction workers in an environment associated with dust. To demonstrate the importance of protection to prevent health hazards, we laser-ablated some samples of serpentinite that contain serpentine minerals as major phase minerals. The powder obtained in filters coupled to the ablation laser was analysed, using tools such as an optical microscope, X-ray powder diffraction, a transmission electron microscope and thermal analysis. The results were very didactic, and the intention is to use them, by way of graphics and diagrams, to build information security sheets that will alert workers to the need of using masks when working, or to use tools with coupled filters such as the one used for our study. The main goal is to demonstrate that the interdisciplinary combination of scientific approaches can be used for the sake of human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Waste Management and Recycling)
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