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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress Damage and Antioxidant Natural Products in Colorectal Diseases
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Oxidative Stress Damage and Antioxidant Natural Products in Colorectal Diseases

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 June 2023) | Viewed by 5082

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Luiz Claudio Di Stasi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
Interests: natural products; medicinal plants; colorectal diseases; intestinal inflammation, functional foods, natural antioxidants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Damage from oxidative stress is a key etiological factor in the development of several colorectal disorders, and natural antioxidants are potential products to control, prevent or treat these diseases. Recent progress in phytotherapy research and complementary medicine approaches using natural compounds and herbal preparations with antioxidant properties is currently associated with the development of new strategies to treat several colorectal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as colitis and Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), colorectal cancer and colon polyps.

However, rational and evidence-based pharmacology and toxicology data of natural products are required as the basis for further investigations focusing on the development of new complementary therapies of diseases affecting the colon and rectum.

This Special Issue is aimed at highlighting recent achievements, findings and research data concerning antioxidant natural products to prevent or treat colorectal disorders, based on preclinical and clinical studies and molecular evaluation of differential antioxidant mechanisms of action.

The research papers and reviews of this Special Issue are expected to provide an overview of the current status of research on natural products with antioxidant properties in colorectal diseases, including, but not necessarily restricted to, chemical compounds of plant origin (alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, tannins and others), chemical compounds from other natural sources, herbal standardized preparations, vitamins, peptides, micronutrients, endogenous antioxidant mediators, non-starch polysaccharides, mineral supplements, probiotics, postbiotics, prebiotics and standardized formulations containing functional foods or by-products.

We encourage authors to submit the results of clinical and preclinical in vivo, ex vivo, in vitro and in silico studies focusing on the efficacy, safety and quality control of herbal preparations and purified compounds with antioxidant properties that are potentially useful to control and treat colorectal diseases.

We look forward to your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • colon cancer
  • irritable bowel syndrome
  • colon polyps
  • natural antioxidants
  • natural products
  • herbal formulations
  • prebiotics
  • probiotics
  • postbiotics
  • functional foods
  • by-products
  • endogenous antioxidant system

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3632 KiB  
Article
A Combination of Polymethoxyflavones from Citrus sinensis and Prenylflavonoids from Humulus lupulus Counteracts IL-1β-Induced Differentiated Caco-2 Cells Dysfunction via a Modulation of NF-κB/Nrf2 Activation
by Ignazio Restivo, Manuela Giovanna Basilicata, Ilenia Concetta Giardina, Alessandro Massaro, Giacomo Pepe, Emanuela Salviati, Camilla Pecoraro, Daniela Carbone, Stella Cascioferro, Barbara Parrino, Patrizia Diana, Carmine Ostacolo, Pietro Campiglia, Alessandro Attanzio, Antonella D’Anneo, Fanny Pojero, Mario Allegra and Luisa Tesoriere
Antioxidants 2023, 12(8), 1621; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12081621 - 16 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1176
Abstract
We here investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of a polymethoxylated flavone-containing fraction (PMFF) from Citrus sinensis and of a prenylflavonoid-containing one (PFF) from Humulus lupulus, either alone or in combination (MIX). To this end, an in vitro model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consisting [...] Read more.
We here investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of a polymethoxylated flavone-containing fraction (PMFF) from Citrus sinensis and of a prenylflavonoid-containing one (PFF) from Humulus lupulus, either alone or in combination (MIX). To this end, an in vitro model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consisting of differentiated, interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells, was employed. We demonstrated that non-cytotoxic concentrations of either PMFF or PFF or MIX reduced nitric oxide (NO) production while PFF and MIX, but not PMFF, also inhibited prostaglandin E2 release. Coherently, MIX suppressed both inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression besides NF-κB activation. Moreover, MIX increased nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, heme oxygenase-1 expression, restoring GSH and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONs) levels. Remarkably, these effects with MIX were stronger than those produced by PMFF or PFF alone. Noteworthy, nobiletin (NOB) and xanthohumol (XTM), two of the most represented phytochemicals in PMFF and PFF, respectively, synergistically inhibited RONs production. Overall, our results demonstrate that MIX enhances the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of the individual fractions in a model of IBD, via a mechanism involving modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 signalling. Synergistic interactions between NOB and XTM emerge as a relevant aspect underlying this evidence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Damage and Antioxidant Natural Products in Colorectal Diseases)
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15 pages, 1468 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant and Chemopreventive Activity of Protein Hydrolysates from Raw and Germinated Flour of Legumes with Commercial Interest in Colorectal Cancer
by Marco Fuel, Cristina Mesas, Rosario Martínez, Raúl Ortiz, Francisco Quiñonero, Francisco Bermúdez, Natalia Gutiérrez, Ana M. Torres, Garyfallia Kapravelou, Aída Lozano, Gloria Perazzoli, Jose Prados, Jesús M. Porres and Consolación Melguizo
Antioxidants 2022, 11(12), 2421; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122421 - 08 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1458
Abstract
Legumes are a highly nutritious source of plant protein, fiber, minerals and vitamins. However, they also contain several bioactive compounds with significant potential benefits for human health. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant, antitumor and chemopreventive activity of functional [...] Read more.
Legumes are a highly nutritious source of plant protein, fiber, minerals and vitamins. However, they also contain several bioactive compounds with significant potential benefits for human health. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant, antitumor and chemopreventive activity of functional extracts from legumes using raw and germinated flours of six legume species of commercial interest. The methodology carried out consisted on the development of protein hydrolysates, assessment of their antioxidant capacity and in vitro tests on T84, HCT15 and SW480 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. Our results showed a high antitumor activity of protein hydrolysate from M. sativa. Likewise, when combined with 5-Fluorouracile (5-Fu), there was a synergistic effect using extract concentrations from 50 to 175 µg/mL and 5-Fu concentrations from 1.5 to 5 µM. Similarly, the induction effect on detoxifying enzymes by the extracts of M. sativa, germinated V. faba Baraca × LVzt1 and V. narbonensis, which produced a higher induction rate than the positive control sulforaphane (10 µM), should be highlighted. Therefore, incorporating these enzymes into the diet could provide nutritional effects, as well as play an effective role in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Damage and Antioxidant Natural Products in Colorectal Diseases)
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14 pages, 3026 KiB  
Article
Fermented Ginger Extract in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Enhances Cytotoxicity by Inhibiting NF-κB Mediated CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Expression in Oxaliplatin-Resistant Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
by Ko-Chao Lee, Kuen-Lin Wu, Shun-Fu Chang, Hsin-I Chang, Cheng-Nan Chen and Yih-Yuan Chen
Antioxidants 2022, 11(10), 2057; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11102057 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1846
Abstract
Ginger extracts have been shown to have health-promoting pharmacological activity and beneficial effects, including antioxidant and anticancer properties. The extraction of ginger by natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) has been shown to enhance bioactivity, but the cytotoxicity of NaDES extracts needs to be [...] Read more.
Ginger extracts have been shown to have health-promoting pharmacological activity and beneficial effects, including antioxidant and anticancer properties. The extraction of ginger by natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) has been shown to enhance bioactivity, but the cytotoxicity of NaDES extracts needs to be further determined. Signaling through the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expressed on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells has a pivotal role in tumor cell chemosensitivity. Oxaliplatin is a third-generation platinum compound used as an effective chemotherapeutic drug for CRC treatment. However, whether ginger extract and oxaliplatin could induce a synergistic cytotoxic effect in oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cells through modulating CXCR4 expression is not known. In this study, oxaliplatin-resistant HCT-116 (HCT-116/R) cells were generated first. Ginger was extracted using the NaDES mixture betaine/lactate/water (1:2:2.5). Lactobacillus reuteri fermentation of NaDES-ginger extract increased the total polyphenol content (12.42 mg gallic acid/g in non-fermented NaDES-ginger extract and 23.66 mg gallic acid/g in fermented NaDES-ginger extract). It also increased the antioxidant activity by about 20–30% compared to non-fermented NaDES-ginger extract. In addition, it achieved low cytotoxicity to normal colonic mucosal cells and enhanced the anticancer effect on HCT-116/R cells. On the other hand, the inhibition of NF-κB activation by fermented NaDES-ginger extract significantly decreased the CXCR4 expression (p < 0.05) in HCT-116/R cells. The inactivation of NF-κB by pharmacological inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate further enhanced the fermented NaDES-ginger extract-reduced CXCR4 expression levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, fermented NaDES-ginger extract could synergistically increase the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin by inhibiting CXCR4 expression and inactivating NF-κB, resulting in HCT-116/R cell death. These findings demonstrate that fermented NaDES-ginger extract reduces the NF-kB-mediated activation of CXCR4 and enhances oxaliplatin-induced cytotoxicity in oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Damage and Antioxidant Natural Products in Colorectal Diseases)
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